{"id":60491,"date":"2024-08-22T00:51:39","date_gmt":"2024-08-21T22:51:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=60491"},"modified":"2024-08-21T20:35:14","modified_gmt":"2024-08-21T18:35:14","slug":"usa-nebo-cina-kdo-je-skutecne-demokraticky-americka-oligarchie-vs-cinska-konzultativni-demokracie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/08\/22\/usa-nebo-cina-kdo-je-skutecne-demokraticky-americka-oligarchie-vs-cinska-konzultativni-demokracie\/","title":{"rendered":"USA nebo \u010c\u00edna, kdo je skute\u010dn\u011b demokratick\u00fd? Americk\u00e1 oligarchie vs. \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 \u201ekonzultativn\u00ed demokracie\u201c"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Zat\u00edmco v\u011bdci doch\u00e1zej\u00ed k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee USA jsou oligarchi\u00ed \u0159\u00edzenou velk\u00fdmi korporacemi, \u010c\u00edna vyvinula jedine\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u201ecelkov\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 demokracie\u201c. A takhle to funguje.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Koho chceme v\u00e9st? Tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159\u00a0<\/span>genocid\u011b<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, region\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u00e1lk\u00e1m a z\u00e1znam\u016fm o zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu,\u00a0kdo je bezpe\u010dn\u00fd p\u00e1r?<\/span><\/p>\n

Dnes existuje alternativa k mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmu \u0159\u00e1du pod veden\u00edm USA, s \u010c\u00ednou ve st\u0159edu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed pr\u016fzkumn\u00edk, Edelman Trust Barometer, zjistil, \u017ee \u010c\u00edna je zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>d\u016fv\u011bru ve svou vl\u00e1du<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na sv\u011bt\u011b .<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna se dr\u017e\u00ed na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd rok, krom\u011b jednoho od roku 2018, s komplexn\u00edm indexem d\u016fv\u011bry 79 v roce 2024. USA klesly na 46.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Lid\u00e9 v USA jsou v\u0161ak v nev\u00fdhod\u011b. Jak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jejich d\u016fv\u011bra ve vl\u00e1du siln\u00e1 v duopoln\u00edm syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd je nejp\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e je populace nejv\u00edce polarizovan\u00e1? Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee vl\u00e1dy nemohou dos\u00e1hnout schvalovac\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed \u010c\u00edny v takov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu zalo\u017een\u00e9m na rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed a panov\u00e1n\u00ed, je prakticky zabudov\u00e1na.<\/span><\/p>\n

Listopadov\u00e9 volby v USA by m\u011bly b\u00fdt dosud nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed zkou\u0161kou pro volby \u201emen\u0161\u00edho zla\u201c. Donald Trump \u2013 kter\u00fd podporoval Izrael natolik, \u017ee v rozporu s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem p\u0159esunul americkou ambas\u00e1du do okupovan\u00e9ho Jeruzal\u00e9ma \u2013 by m\u011bl \u010delit genocidn\u00edmu Joeovi, kter\u00fd si tam ambas\u00e1du ponechal, kdy\u017e se p\u0159ipojil k Izraeli p\u0159i masakrech palestinsk\u00fdch civilist\u016f v p\u00e1smu Gazy podporovan\u00fdch zbran\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00edsto toho zaujala Bidenovo m\u00edsto Kamala Harris. Stoj\u00ed s republik\u00e1ny na\u00a0<\/span>genocidn\u00edm\u00a0<\/span><\/a>izraelsk\u00e9m re\u017eimu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a nyn\u00ed p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 odpov\u011bdnost za jeho zlo\u010diny, na druh\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b po Bidenovi. Ale bylo n\u00e1m \u0159e\u010deno, \u017ee p\u0159edstavuje\u00a0<\/span>zm\u011bnu<\/span><\/em>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dast ob\u010dan\u016f v procesu liber\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracie ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech m\u00e1 \u201emal\u00fd nebo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nez\u00e1visl\u00fd vliv\u201c na vl\u00e1dn\u00ed politiku<\/span><\/a>\u00a0,\u00a0podle slavn\u00e9 studie, na kter\u00e9 se pod\u00edleli u\u010denci z Princetonsk\u00e9 a Northwestern University.<\/span><\/p>\n

Experti do\u0161li k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee americk\u00e9 elity a organizovan\u00e9 skupiny zastupuj\u00edc\u00ed obchodn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy maj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fd nez\u00e1visl\u00fd vliv na politiku vl\u00e1dy USA.<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u010c\u00edn\u011b jsou v\u0161ak elity a organizovan\u00e9 skupiny zastupuj\u00edc\u00ed obchodn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy dr\u017eeny pod kontrolou a pod\u0159\u00edzeny vl\u00e1d\u011b. To, co z\u00e1padn\u00ed kritici naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u201eautorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm\u201c syst\u00e9mem, je ve skute\u010dnosti\u00a0<\/span>jin\u00e1 forma demokracie<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, veden\u00e1 nikoli jm\u00e9nem bohat\u00e9 men\u0161iny, ale \u201ev z\u00e1jmu naprost\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161iny\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00fdval\u00e1 hlava \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu Teng Siao-pching povolila tr\u017en\u00edm sil\u00e1m v zemi od reformy a otev\u0159en\u00ed v roce 1978, ale trvala na tom, aby je st\u00e1t kontroloval.\u00a0<\/span>Deng o trz\u00edch \u0159ekl<\/span><\/a>\u00a0: \u201ePokud slou\u017e\u00ed socialismu, jsou socialistick\u00e9; pokud slou\u017e\u00ed kapitalismu, jsou kapitalist\u00e9\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech v\u0161ak politici neposlouchaj\u00ed lidi. A pro\u010d by m\u011bli? Jak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt syst\u00e9m \u201ezastupitelskou demokraci\u00ed\u201c, kdy\u017e kandid\u00e1t bez\u00a0<\/span>velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz<\/span><\/a>\u00a0nem\u016f\u017ee vyhr\u00e1t volby?<\/span><\/p>\n

Ameri\u010dt\u00ed politici v\u011bd\u00ed, koho pot\u011b\u0161it. Jak\u00a0<\/span>uk\u00e1zala akademick\u00e1 studie americk\u00e9 oligarchie<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, v takzvan\u00e9 \u201ezastupitelsk\u00e9 demokracii\u201c ve Washingtonu jsou jedin\u00fdmi skute\u010dn\u011b zastoupen\u00fdmi velk\u00fd byznys.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna je opravdu jin\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u201ekonzultativn\u00ed demokracie\u201c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna aktivn\u011b usiluje o ob\u010danskou participaci a zastoupen\u00ed a pro tento \u00fa\u010del byly vytvo\u0159eny kan\u00e1ly.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>platforma \u201eMessage Board for Leaders\u201c (MBL)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0spojuje obyvatelstvo s vl\u00e1dn\u00edmi \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edky na m\u00edstn\u00ed a\u00a0<\/span>ministersk\u00e9 \u00farovni<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Od sv\u00e9ho spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v letech 2006 a\u017e 2021\u00a0<\/span>zpracovala<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201eSchr\u00e1nka starosty\u201c ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 2,3 milionu reklamac\u00ed, obav a st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed celost\u00e1tn\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>iniciativa<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, hork\u00e1 linka 12345, nav\u00e1\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd den v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 000 kontakt\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm telefonu, internetu a nov\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed jen v Pekingu, aby objasnila ot\u00e1zky o ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b. V\u00edce ne\u017e 85 % probl\u00e9m\u016f je vy\u0159e\u0161eno.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u00e9to iniciativy, kter\u00e1 reaguje na zp\u011btnou vazbu od komunity,\u00a0<\/span>za\u0159adil<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Peking do sv\u00e9ho seznamu priorit pro rok 2022 17 \u201ehlavn\u00edch frustrac\u00ed\u201c m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel . Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159ily nevyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdtahy ve star\u00fdch budov\u00e1ch a nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 reziden\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eby. V d\u016fsledku toho bylo zavedeno t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 100 opat\u0159en\u00ed a dokon\u010deno v\u00edce ne\u017e 400 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f. Pokud jde o v\u00fdtahy, bylo jich instalov\u00e1no 1 322.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da \u0159\u00edd\u00ed z\u00e1sadou \u201elidmi, pro lidi\u201c (nebo \u201emasami, pro masy\u201c). Krom\u011b toho MBL, 12345 a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch platforem p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed technologicky modern\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak pos\u00edlit hlas lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd prezident Si \u0164in-pching dnes zd\u016fraz\u0148uje d\u016fle\u017eitost toho, co naz\u00fdv\u00e1 \u201edeliberativn\u00ed demokraci\u00ed\u201c. Ve sv\u00e9 knize\u00a0<\/span>The Governance of China (svazek 2) z roku 2014\u00a0<\/span><\/em>Xi napsal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee deliberativn\u00ed demokracie \u201eje d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00edm masov\u00e9 linie strany\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Mus\u00edme pou\u017e\u00edt v\u0161echny mechanismy, kan\u00e1ly a metody k po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed komplexn\u00edch konzultac\u00ed o kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch reformy, rozvoje a stability, a zejm\u00e9na t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy lid\u00ed,“ \u0159ekl Si.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 komunistick\u00e1 strana to uvedla do praxe v roce 2020, kdy byl n\u00e1vrh jej\u00edho 14. p\u011btilet\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu (od roku 2021 do roku 2025) poprv\u00e9\u00a0uveden\u00a0<\/span>online<\/span><\/em>\u00a0k ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 konzultaci. Do pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edho soci\u00e1ln\u00edho a ekonomick\u00e9ho rozvoje se mohla zapojit \u0161irok\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost, kter\u00e1 od 16. srpna do 29. srpna 2020 podala v\u00edce ne\u017e milion\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e1vrh\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, z nich\u017e bylo zohledn\u011bno p\u0159es 1000 n\u00e1zor\u016f a podn\u011bt\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rychl\u00fd\u00a0<\/span>v\u00fdvoj<\/span><\/a>\u00a0nov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed usnad\u0148uje p\u0159enos informac\u00ed. Chen Liang, docent na \u0160kole marxismu na Shanghai Jiao Tong University, vysv\u011btlil:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eN\u00e1zory, n\u00e1zory a po\u017eadavky lid\u00ed lze digitalizovat, vizualizovat a kontextualizovat a neust\u00e1le zlep\u0161ovat efektivitu, p\u0159esnost a v\u011bdeckost demokratick\u00e9ho rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed. \u2026 Lid\u00e9 mohou rychle, celost\u00e1tn\u011b a levn\u011b vyjad\u0159ovat sv\u00e9 n\u00e1zory a n\u00e1zory a ovliv\u0148ovat politick\u00fd a spole\u010densk\u00fd \u017eivot na m\u00edstn\u00ed, region\u00e1ln\u00ed a dokonce i celost\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00farovni.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2016 prezident Si \u0164in-pching p\u0159ipravil p\u016fdu t\u00edm, \u017ee prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee stranick\u00e9 k\u00e1dry se \u201emus\u00ed nau\u010dit\u00a0dr\u017eet\u00a0<\/a><\/span>linii<\/span><\/a>\u00a0mas prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm internetu\u00a0\u2026 [a] rozum\u011bt tomu, co si masy mysl\u00ed, a doufat, \u017ee shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u00ed dobr\u00e9 n\u00e1pady a n\u00e1vrhy a aktivn\u011b na n\u011b reagovat. obavy u\u017eivatel\u016f s\u00edt\u011b\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro m\u00e9n\u011b technicky zdatn\u00e9 jsou zde\u00a0<\/span>st\u0159ediska slu\u017eeb Party-Masses<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, od nejmen\u0161\u00edch vesnic a\u017e po velk\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>m\u011bstsk\u00e9 bloky<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v \u0160anghaji. Ty jsou vyzdobeny v b\u00edlo-\u010derven\u00fdch barv\u00e1ch a zvou ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, aby p\u0159i\u0161el se st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed nebo n\u00e1vrhem.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna tak\u00e9 z\u0159\u00eddila\u00a0<\/span>m\u00edstn\u00ed legislativn\u00ed sty\u010dn\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e,<\/span><\/a>\u00a0kde \u201e\u00a0<\/span>obl\u00edben\u00ed z\u00e1stupci diskutuj\u00ed o n\u00e1vrz\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy od ve\u0159ejnosti\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Existuje 45 n\u00e1rodn\u00edch a 6500 provin\u010dn\u00edch a obecn\u00edch \u201ep\u0159es vlaky\u201c, kter\u00e9 spojuj\u00ed ob\u010dany s nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00fdm org\u00e1nem, St\u00e1l\u00fdm v\u00fdborem N\u00e1rodn\u00edho lidov\u00e9ho kongresu (NPC). M\u00edstn\u00ed legislativn\u00ed kontaktn\u00ed m\u00edsta slou\u017e\u00ed jako kontaktn\u00ed m\u00edsta a m\u00edsta pro shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed k n\u00e1vrh\u016fm vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od zah\u00e1jen\u00ed \u010dinnosti kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v \u010dervenci 2015 a\u017e listopadu 2023 bylo zahrnuto v\u00edce ne\u017e 3 100 n\u00e1pad\u016f na formov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo revizi n\u00e1rodn\u00ed legislativy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Touha naj\u00edt v\u00edce zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak slou\u017eit lidem, byla\u00a0z\u0159ejm\u00e1<\/a>\u00a0v\u00a0<\/span>projevu\u00a0<\/span><\/a>prezidenta Xi<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na po\u010dest 60. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed NPC\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eMus\u00edme roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it lidovou demokracii zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm demokratick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, obohacov\u00e1n\u00edm forem demokracie a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm v\u00edce kan\u00e1l\u016f pro uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed demokracie a mus\u00edme umo\u017enit \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed, \u0159\u00e1dnou politickou \u00fa\u010dast ob\u010dan\u016f na v\u0161ech \u00farovn\u00edch a ve v\u0161ech oblastech, abychom rozvinuli lidskou demokracie, kter\u00e1 je rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1, komplexn\u00ed a vyt\u0159\u00edben\u00e1 v praxi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eVe v\u0161ech iniciativ\u00e1ch zem\u011b mus\u00edme realizovat masovou linii strany, budovat \u00fazk\u00e9 vztahy s lidmi, oslovovat je, plnit jejich o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 se jich nejv\u00edce t\u00fdkaj\u00ed, nejp\u0159\u00edm\u011bji a nejprakti\u010dt\u011bji, abychom vyu\u017eili moudrost a s\u00edlu d\u00e1t dohromady co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eD\u016fkladn\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed\u201c \u010c\u00edny od korupce<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1tce po n\u00e1stupu do \u00fa\u0159adu nov\u00e9ho \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho prezidenta v roce 2013 zah\u00e1jil Si \u0164in-pching tvrd\u00fd z\u00e1sah proti korupci. Touto \u201emasovou kampan\u00ed\u201c, p\u0159ezd\u00edvanou \u201ed\u016fkladn\u00e1 \u010distka\u201c, se Si \u0164in-pching sna\u017eil \u0159e\u0161it dlouhodob\u00e9 probl\u00e9my v zemi a\u00a0zam\u011b\u0159it se na\u00a0<\/a><\/span>\u201e\u010dty\u0159i formy dekadence<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c\u00a0: \u201eformalismus, byrokratismus, h\u00e9donismus a extravagance\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na studijn\u00edm setk\u00e1n\u00ed provin\u010dn\u00edch a ministersk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f v roce 2022 Si \u0164in-pching toto t\u00e9ma\u00a0<\/span>zopakoval<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a \u0159ekl: „V\u0161ichni \u010dlenov\u00e9 strany by m\u011bli v\u017edy udr\u017eovat \u00fazk\u00e9 vztahy s lidmi a p\u0159ij\u00edmat kritiku a kontrolu lid\u00ed.“<\/span><\/p>\n

Nebyla to pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1 slova. Protikorup\u010dn\u00ed kampa\u0148 byla velmi v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u00fdval\u00fd m\u00edstostarosta provincie Shanxi Zhang Zhongsheng byl\u00a0odsouzen\u00a0<\/a><\/span>na do\u017eivot\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0za\u00a0p\u0159ijet\u00ed 1,04 miliardy j\u00fcan\u016f (160 milion\u016f dolar\u016f) jako \u00faplatky.<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u010c\u00edn\u011b nen\u00ed nikdo nad z\u00e1konem. Dokonce i b\u00fdval\u00fd \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd ministr spravedlnosti Tang Yijun zjistil, \u017ee nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 privilegovan\u00fd na to, aby byl imunn\u00ed. V roce 2024 protikorup\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady ozn\u00e1mily, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>je vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201epro podez\u0159en\u00ed z v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho poru\u0161en\u00ed k\u00e1zn\u011b a z\u00e1kona\u201c .<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00fd ministr spravedlnosti Fu Zhenghua dostal v roce 2022 podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd trest smrti za korupci.<\/span><\/p>\n

V boji proti korupci se neprojevuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed shov\u00edvavost v\u016f\u010di t\u011bm, kdo maj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed moc a autoritu, a jsou tedy v\u016f\u010di lidem nejodpov\u011bdn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Protikorup\u010dn\u00ed politika byla prov\u00e1d\u011bna s\u00a0<\/span>odhodl\u00e1n\u00edm<\/span><\/a>
\n\u201esp\u00ed\u0161e urazit p\u00e1r tis\u00edc, ne\u017e zklamat 1,4 miliardy\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 komunistick\u00e1 strana si uv\u011bdomuje, \u017ee z\u00e1sada \u201elidmi, pro lidi\u201c by p\u0159i jej\u00edm uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed utrp\u011bla, pokud by z\u00e1stupci lidu nebyli bl\u00edzc\u00ed lidem a nesoust\u0159edili se na lidi, ale sami na sebe nad lidmi, kter\u00fdm slou\u017e\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Proto, jak zd\u016fraznil prezident Si \u0164in-pching, ti, kdo maj\u00ed moc, mus\u00ed n\u00e9st odpov\u011bdnost, ti, kdo nesou odpov\u011bdnost, mus\u00ed p\u0159evz\u00edt odpov\u011bdnost a ti, kte\u0159\u00ed nedostoj\u00ed sv\u00fdm povinnostem, mus\u00ed n\u00e9st odpov\u011bdnost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je Zhang Hongli, b\u00fdval\u00fd senior viceprezident nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 banky podle konsolidovan\u00fdch aktiv, st\u00e1tem vlastn\u011bn\u00e9 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC). Zhang byl\u00a0<\/span>zat\u010den za p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed \u00faplatk\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kv\u016fli korupci byl vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n i Lou Wenlong, b\u00fdval\u00fd viceprezident t\u0159et\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed banky sv\u011bta, st\u00e1tn\u00ed Agricultural Bank of China (ABC).<\/span><\/p>\n

Je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00e9 si p\u0159edstavit, \u017ee by vrcholn\u00ed mana\u017ee\u0159i velk\u00fdch americk\u00fdch bank na Wall Street byli zat\u010deni za korupci. (Ve skute\u010dnosti v roce 2008 zhroutily ekonomiku, jen aby je zachr\u00e1nila vl\u00e1da).<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00edsto toho, hl\u00eddac\u00ed web Wall Street on Parade napsal, gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel JPMorgan Chase Jamie Dimon bude moci\u00a0z\u016fstat v \u010dele t\u00e9to feder\u00e1ln\u011b poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 banky navzdory\u00a0<\/span>p\u011bti obvin\u011bn\u00edm proti n\u011bmu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, navzdory tomu, \u017ee bude p\u0159edsedat\u00a0<\/span>nejhor\u0161\u00edm bankovn\u00edm skand\u00e1l\u016fm v historii USA<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

V roce 2023 za\u017eily Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty\u00a0<\/span>druh\u00fd nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed bankovn\u00ed kolaps ve sv\u00e9 historii<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kdy\u017e se zhroutila First Republic Bank. Uhodnete, kter\u00e9 bance bylo sv\u011b\u0159eno v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 miliard dolar\u016f prvorepublikov\u00e9ho majetku a vyd\u011blala na obchodu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 3 miliardy dolar\u016f? H\u00e1d\u00e1te spr\u00e1vn\u011b: JPMorgan Chase.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na rozd\u00edl od JPMorgan jsou v\u0161ak velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 banky jako ICBC a ABC st\u00e1tn\u00edmi spole\u010dnostmi, kter\u00e9 jsou pod kontrolou vl\u00e1dy, a tedy lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud jde o \u201e\u00a0<\/span>zdrav\u00fd rozvoj<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c kapit\u00e1lu, prezident Si \u0164in-pching zd\u016fraznil: \u201eMus\u00edme m\u00edt jasno v tom, \u017ee hled\u00e1n\u00ed zisku, kter\u00e9 je vlastn\u00ed kapit\u00e1lu, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt regulov\u00e1no a omezov\u00e1no; jinak bezuzdn\u00fd rozvoj kapit\u00e1lu zp\u016fsob\u00ed nevy\u010d\u00edsliteln\u00e9 \u0161kody na hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m a soci\u00e1ln\u00edm rozvoji na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ekonom Michael Hudson tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 kontrola nad kapit\u00e1lem je p\u0159esn\u011b t\u00edm d\u016fvodem, pro\u010d je na Z\u00e1pad\u011b d\u00e9monizov\u00e1n jako \u201eautorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eExistuje pouze jeden zp\u016fsob, jak zabr\u00e1nit rozvoji oligarchie, jak lid\u00e9 bohatnou, a to je siln\u00fd st\u00e1t,\u201c \u0159ekl Hudson. “\u00a0<\/span>Abyste m\u011bli demokracii, pot\u0159ebujete silnou centr\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1du<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. “\u00a0[Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 tomu \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed socialismus a \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee je to opak demokracie, toti\u017e st\u00e1t, kter\u00fd je loaj\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u016f\u010di Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm, sleduje americkou politiku a m\u00e1 ekonomiku financovanou americk\u00fdmi bankami.<\/span><\/p>\n

V USA to nebyl jen republik\u00e1nsk\u00fd prezident Ronald Reagan, ale tak\u00e9 demokratick\u00fd prezident Bill Clinton, kdo prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>\u201e\u00e9ra velk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy skon\u010dila<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c. M\u00edsto toho m\u00e1 na starosti velk\u00fd byznys.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b disciplinuje, \u0159\u00edd\u00ed a dokonce kontroluje velk\u00fd byznys jm\u00e9nem lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1sil\u00ed, kriminalita a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e mluv\u00edme o stavu americk\u00e9 \u201edemokracie\u201c, nesm\u00edme zapom\u00ednat na brut\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed americk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech zabila\u00a0<\/span>policie<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v posledn\u00edm desetilet\u00ed ro\u010dn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e 1000 Severoameri\u010dan\u016f a v roce 2023 bude 1247 ob\u011bt\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mnoho\u00a0<\/span>americk\u00fdch policejn\u00edch odd\u011blen\u00ed tr\u00e9nuje s izraelsk\u00fdm apartheidn\u00edm re\u017eimem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a vyp\u016fj\u010duje si jeho taktiku proti okupovan\u00e9mu palestinsk\u00e9mu lidu.<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2023 do\u0161lo ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech k\u00a0policejn\u00ed vra\u017ed\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fdch 6,6\u00a0<\/span>hodiny<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. V \u010c\u00edn\u011b v\u016fbec \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nebyly a u\u017e l\u00e9ta nebyly.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd lid m\u00e1 op\u011bt slovo p\u0159i dohledu nad bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi org\u00e1ny. Obecn\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Ministerstva ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti poukazuje na to, \u017ee je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby lid\u00e9 akceptovali sledov\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jejich \u201epeti\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Peti\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v \u010c\u00edn\u011b (neboli \u201edopisy a v\u00fdzvy\u201c) je jin\u00fd term\u00edn pro ob\u010dany, kte\u0159\u00ed kontaktuj\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady a p\u0159edkl\u00e1daj\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy, n\u00e1zory nebo st\u00ed\u017enosti, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed \u0159e\u0161it p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle\u00a0<\/span>vl\u00e1dn\u00edho dokumentu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0z roku 2022 :<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eV prvn\u00edch petic\u00edch ve form\u011b n\u00e1vrh\u016f a stanovisek se ty, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed ke zdokonalov\u00e1n\u00ed politik, zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1ce a podpo\u0159e hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho a soci\u00e1ln\u00edho rozvoje, p\u0159edkl\u00e1daj\u00ed stranick\u00e9mu v\u00fdboru nebo vl\u00e1d\u011b na stejn\u00e9 \u00farovni k rozhodnut\u00ed. nebo org\u00e1n\u016fm \u010di jednotk\u00e1m odpov\u011bdn\u00fdm za vy\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti k p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud jde o \u010d\u00ednskou policii\u00a0,<\/a>\u00a0p\u0159edpisy\u00a0<\/span>uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201ePeti\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti je d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed masov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce org\u00e1n\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti. Pro org\u00e1ny ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm \u00fakolem porozum\u011bt soci\u00e1ln\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9mu m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed, naslouchat n\u00e1zor\u016fm a podn\u011bt\u016fm, testovat kvalitu a efektivitu vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va a chr\u00e1nit pr\u00e1va a z\u00e1jmy mas. Pro org\u00e1ny ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak p\u0159ijmout hromadn\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, zlep\u0161it standardy vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va, zlep\u0161it styl pr\u00e1ce a pos\u00edlit budov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00fdmu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy ze strany lid\u00ed, takzvan\u00e9 \u201emasov\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c, je na Z\u00e1pad\u011b zcela neobvykl\u00e9 a mohlo by b\u00fdt \u0161patn\u011b ch\u00e1p\u00e1no jako sledov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u010c\u00edn\u011b je v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd dohled a v\u00fdsledkem je, \u017ee zem\u011b je extr\u00e9mn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 a n\u00e1siln\u00e1 kriminalita t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neexistuje. Ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech je tak\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale je extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00e1siln\u00e9. Za koho tedy p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e1 vl\u00e1da monitoruje?<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak funguj\u00ed volby v \u010c\u00edn\u011b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Odpov\u011b\u010f m\u016f\u017ee spo\u010d\u00edvat v anal\u00fdze hlubok\u00fdch rozd\u00edl\u016f mezi \u010c\u00ednou a Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty, pokud jde o roli pen\u011bz v politice as t\u00edm spojen\u00e9 naru\u0161en\u00ed demokracie.<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u010c\u00edn\u011b se konaj\u00ed volby a aby byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna skute\u010dn\u00e1 reprezentace, nen\u00ed povoleno lobov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo agitov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle princip\u016f demokratick\u00fdch voleb zalo\u017een\u00fdch na\u00a0<\/span>principech v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho volebn\u00edho pr\u00e1va, rovn\u00fdch pr\u00e1v<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, v\u00edce kandid\u00e1t\u016f a tajn\u00e9ho hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou poslanci do lidov\u00fdch kongres\u016f na obecn\u00ed a okresn\u00ed \u00farovni voleni \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm lidem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tito z\u00e1stupci, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou ob\u010dan\u016fm nejbl\u00ed\u017ee, tvo\u0159\u00ed 94 % z\u00a0<\/span>celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni a maj\u00ed na starosti volbu z\u00e1stupc\u016f na vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00edch. Poslanci lidov\u00fdch sjezd\u016f na obecn\u00ed a krajsk\u00e9 \u00farovni vol\u00ed poslance m\u011bstsk\u00fdch lidov\u00fdch sjezd\u016f; tito zase vol\u00ed z\u00e1stupce na provin\u010dn\u00ed \u00farovni, kte\u0159\u00ed zase vol\u00ed z\u00e1stupce na celost\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00farovni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od z\u00e1kladu je \u010c\u00edna o principech v\u00fdkonu. Des\u00edtky let praktick\u00fdch zku\u0161enost\u00ed, obvykle se st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtem obyvatel, zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed st\u00e1le rostouc\u00ed kompetence, proto\u017ee kandid\u00e1ti z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pozice, kter\u00e9 takovou kapacitu vy\u017eaduj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u00farovni rad\u00ed hlavn\u00ed poradn\u00ed org\u00e1n<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u010c\u00edny\u00a0, \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 politick\u00e1 poradn\u00ed konference (CPPCC), hlavn\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u201ethink tank\u201c, N\u00e1rodn\u00edmu lidov\u00e9mu kongresu, jak l\u00e9pe slou\u017eit lidem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na \u201edvou zased\u00e1n\u00edch\u201c, kter\u00e1 se konaj\u00ed ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b v b\u0159eznu, se NPC a CPPCC setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed, aby ur\u010dily cestu rozvoje zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

CPPCC funguje jako dal\u0161\u00ed most mezi vl\u00e1dou a lidmi. Zahrnuje 34 z\u00e1jmov\u00fdch skupin, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed \u0161irok\u00fd\u00a0<\/span>pr\u016f\u0159ez<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u010d\u00ednskou spole\u010dnost\u00ed. P\u0159ipravuj\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy, poskytuj\u00ed zp\u011btnou vazbu a nab\u00edzej\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e1vrhy<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a post\u0159ehy pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 blaho.<\/span><\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z roku 2013,\u00a0Rolnick\u00e1<\/a>\u00a0a d\u011blnick\u00e1 demokratick\u00e1 strana \u010c\u00edny, jedna z osmi nekomunistick\u00fdch stran \u010c\u00edny, navrhla vytvo\u0159en\u00ed koordinovan\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni\u00a0<\/span>pro<\/span><\/a>\u00a0boj proti zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna pot\u00e9 vyu\u017eila sv\u016fj Ak\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1n pro \u010dist\u00e9 ovzdu\u0161\u00ed k\u00a0dosa\u017een\u00ed\u00a0<\/a><\/span>historick\u00e9ho<\/span><\/a>\u00a035\u201340% sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sticemi do roku 2017\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 ochrana \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a \u201ezelen\u00e9 HDP\u201c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ve sv\u00e9 knize\u00a0<\/span>Zachr\u00e1n\u00ed \u010c\u00edna planetu?<\/span><\/em><\/a>\u00a0Prominentn\u00ed americk\u00e1 environmentalistka Barbara Finamore popisuje, jak \u010c\u00edna \u201emyslela v\u00e1\u017en\u011b sv\u00e9 p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed na M\u011bs\u00edci\u201c a nej\u0161t\u011bd\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed dotace na n\u00e1kup elektromobil\u016f (ofici\u00e1ln\u011b naz\u00fdvan\u00fdch New Energy Vehicles) ze v\u0161ech zem\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b krom\u011b Norska (kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 0,4 % \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 populace). .<\/span><\/p>\n

Od t\u00e9 doby se \u00famysln\u00e1 pozornost \u010c\u00edny k \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed jen zv\u00fd\u0161ila. Zastupitelsk\u00e9 skupiny CPPCC\u00a0<\/span>zvolily<\/span><\/a>\u00a0n\u00e1vrh na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed uhl\u00edku ve stavebnictv\u00ed jako sv\u016fj n\u00e1vrh pro rok 2022. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 k org\u00e1nu p\u0159ibyla \u201eSkupina pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje\u201c, prvn\u00ed nov\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>skupina<\/span><\/a>\u00a0od roku 1993.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da zavedla sv\u016fj syst\u00e9m st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed ji\u017e na po\u010d\u00e1tku 90. let. V obdob\u00ed 2001 a\u017e 2006 m\u00edstn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed odpov\u011bd\u011bly na st\u00ed\u017enosti formou dopis\u016f v pr\u016fm\u011bru 86\u201396 % a m\u00edra\u00a0<\/span>odpov\u011bd\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy byla 75\u201386 %.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si \u0164in-pching byl d\u0159\u00edve tajemn\u00edkem v\u00fdboru Komunistick\u00e9 strany provincie Zhejiang a jeho nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm p\u0159edstavitelem. V roce 2005 Xi obhajoval \u201enejen HDP, ale tak\u00e9 zelen\u00fd HDP\u201c, jak to\u00a0<\/span>popsal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ve sv\u00e9m novinov\u00e9m sloupku . V r\u00e1mci pilotn\u00edho projektu v\u00fdpo\u010dtu zelen\u00e9ho HDP nakonec zve\u0159ejnily sv\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky pouze Zhejiang a jedna dal\u0161\u00ed provincie.<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2010\u00a0<\/span>v\u011bdci zjistili<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed byl \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd jako \u201ep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 spojen\u00ed mezi ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed a vl\u00e1dou s uzav\u0159enou smy\u010dkou pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v, p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, likvidace a zp\u011btn\u00e9 vazby\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed kan\u00e1l, telefonick\u00e1 hork\u00e1 linka pro st\u00ed\u017enosti 12369, byl z\u0159\u00edzen v roce 2009, aby umo\u017enil ve\u0159ejnosti hl\u00e1sit probl\u00e9my se zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2015 se do hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed zapojila v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e1 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 aplikace pro zas\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v WeChat. V roce 2017 byl syst\u00e9m uveden do provozu a \u201e v\u00fdrazn\u011b\u00a0zlep\u0161il\u00a0<\/a><\/span>\u00fa\u010dast ve\u0159ejnosti<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed\u00a0\u201c, p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00ed v\u011bdci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud jde o vst\u0159\u00edcnost vl\u00e1dy, \u201ev\u00fdsledky anal\u00fdzy panelov\u00fdch dat z 295 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch m\u011bst v letech 2018 a\u017e 2020 ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke\u00a0<\/span>zlep\u0161en\u00ed kvality \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e<\/span><\/a>\u00a0,\u201c uzav\u0159eli v\u011bde\u010dt\u00ed experti.<\/span><\/p>\n

David Fishman<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, expert na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd energetick\u00fd sektor, v \u010dervenci poznamenal, \u017ee \u201edokud bude pokra\u010dovat trend klesaj\u00edc\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00ed spot\u0159eby uhl\u00ed z posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, bude se v \u010dervenci 2024 spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vat m\u00e9n\u011b uhl\u00ed ne\u017e v \u010dervenci 2023, co\u017e zajist\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dervenec 2023 bude stejn\u011b a\u017e do roku 2023.“\u00a0<\/span>„\u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd uheln\u00fd vrchol<\/span><\/a>\u00a0se zap\u00ed\u0161e do historick\u00fdch knih.“<\/span><\/p>\n

To je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>nejteplej\u0161\u00ed den<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na sv\u011bt\u011b , jak\u00fd kdy byl zaznamen\u00e1n, byl \u010dervenec.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ji\u017e v roce 2015 \u010c\u00edna dos\u00e1hla\u00a0<\/a><\/span>\u201e<\/span><\/a>\u00a0nesporn\u00e9ho vedouc\u00edho postaven\u00ed\u201c ve v\u00fdvoji obnoviteln\u00e9 energie,\u00a0uvedla \u0161\u00e9fka OSN pro klima Christiana Figueresov\u00e1\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

USA to \u201edohnaly\u201c, a\u010dkoli, jak\u00a0\u0159ekl Olivier Petitjean z\u00a0<\/a><\/span>Multinational Enterprise Observatory<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u201enem\u016f\u017eeme doufat, \u017ee se vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1me s klimatickou kriz\u00ed, ani\u017e bychom se vypo\u0159\u00e1dali s moc\u00ed korporac\u00ed\u201c \u2013 lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat n\u011bco, co americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da ned\u011bl\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna tak\u00e9 \u010del\u00ed tlaku ze strany z\u00e1jm\u016f fosiln\u00edch paliv. To v\u0161ak nebylo zp\u016fsobeno ani tak nenasytnost\u00ed spole\u010dnost\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e oper\u00e1tory, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017eili vyd\u011blat na \u017eivobyt\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 extr\u00e9mn\u00edm dopad\u016fm zm\u011bny klimatu a dosahov\u00e1n\u00ed procedur\u00e1ln\u00edch limit\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2021 \u201enakupovali uhl\u00ed za opravdu vysokou cenu a prod\u00e1vali elekt\u0159inu za pevnou, n\u00edzkou cenu,\u201c\u00a0<\/span>vysv\u011btlil Fishman<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. \u201eA tak na konci roku 2021 do\u0161lo po cel\u00e9 zemi k masivn\u00edm v\u00fdpadk\u016fm elekt\u0159iny s uheln\u00fdmi elektr\u00e1rnami, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly velkou kapacitu, ale nebyly schopny vyd\u011blat dost pen\u011bz na n\u00e1kup uhl\u00ed a dopln\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1sob pro v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny.<\/span><\/p>\n

To je dal\u0161\u00ed pob\u00eddka pro \u010c\u00ednu, aby urychlila p\u0159echod na technologie obnoviteln\u00e9 energie. A proto\u017ee velk\u00fd byznys je dr\u017een pod vl\u00e1dou, pr\u016fmysl fosiln\u00edch paliv v \u010c\u00edn\u011b nem\u00e1 ani zdaleka takovou s\u00edlu, aby odol\u00e1val zm\u011bn\u00e1m, jako m\u00e1 ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aby se uvolnilo m\u00edsto pro obnovitelnou energii, v\u011bt\u0161ina uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren bude prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm flexibiln\u00edch modernizac\u00ed schopna sn\u00ed\u017eit pln\u00fd v\u00fdkon pod 30 % a zp\u011bt v p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 8-10 hodinov\u00fdch intervalech. Z\u00a0<\/span>d\u016fvod\u016f n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ji\u017e tyto elektr\u00e1rny dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed kapacitn\u00ed platby na pokryt\u00ed sv\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b elekt\u0159iny, ne\u017e je nutn\u00e9, a v budoucnu budou vyr\u00e1b\u011bt m\u00e9n\u011b elekt\u0159iny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1sah \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy pro obecn\u00e9 blaho se projevuje nejen v odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed investovat do elektromobil\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00a0<\/span>renovaci<\/span><\/a>\u00a0soukrom\u00fdch zdroj\u016f nap\u00e1jen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm USA odpov\u011bd\u011bly 100% cly na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 elektrick\u00e1 vozidla a 50% cly na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely.<\/span><\/p>\n

Americk\u00fd imperialismus versus \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd socialismus<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Pravda o \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m socialismu, na rozd\u00edl od americk\u00e9ho imperialismu, je takov\u00e1, \u017ee prioritou \u010c\u00edny je dom\u00e1c\u00ed politika. D\u016fraz je kladen na lid, kter\u00fd je zt\u011blesn\u011bn politikou masov\u00e9 linie. Od lid\u00ed pro lidi; Demokracie je z\u00e1klad.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prezident Si \u0164in-pching skute\u010dn\u011b zd\u016fraznil: \u201e\u00a0<\/span>Bez demokracie<\/span><\/a>\u00a0nen\u00ed socialismu, socialistick\u00e9 modernizace a n\u00e1rodn\u00edho omlazen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco \u010c\u00edna dr\u017e\u00ed svou arm\u00e1du doma, kde jsou lid\u00e9, ameri\u010dt\u00ed politici na obou stran\u00e1ch stejn\u00e9 volebn\u00ed mince podporuj\u00ed genocidn\u00ed izraelsk\u00fd re\u017eim, kter\u00fd masakruje palestinsk\u00e9 d\u011bti, aby prosadil americk\u00e9 imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1jmy v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Asii.<\/span><\/p>\n

Americk\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b nakonec nejde o \u201elegitimitu\u201c, proto\u017ee severoamerick\u00e9 obyvatelstvo bylo zbaveno syst\u00e9mu deliberativn\u00ed demokracie.<\/span><\/p>\n

Americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da se m\u00edsto toho zam\u011b\u0159uje na maximalizaci zisk\u016f firem, privatizaci ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edpravu na dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1lky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Autor: <\/strong>Simon Turner<\/strong>\u00a0je spisovatel a geopolitick\u00fd analytik p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed v Nizozemsku. P\u00ed\u0161e pro Orinoco Tribune and Popular Resistance.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zat\u00edmco v\u011bdci doch\u00e1zej\u00ed k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee USA jsou oligarchi\u00ed \u0159\u00edzenou velk\u00fdmi korporacemi, \u010c\u00edna vyvinula jedine\u010dn\u00fd…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":60492,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,30,122,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60491"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60491"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60491\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60493,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60491\/revisions\/60493"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}