{"id":59923,"date":"2024-08-15T00:37:54","date_gmt":"2024-08-14T22:37:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=59923"},"modified":"2024-08-14T15:00:53","modified_gmt":"2024-08-14T13:00:53","slug":"arabske-kmenove-povstani-v-syrii-americke-zakladny-a-spojenci-se-stavaji-hlavnimi-cili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/08\/15\/arabske-kmenove-povstani-v-syrii-americke-zakladny-a-spojenci-se-stavaji-hlavnimi-cili\/","title":{"rendered":"Arabsk\u00e9 kmenov\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed v S\u00fdrii: Americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny a spojenci se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed hlavn\u00edmi c\u00edli"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed v Deir Ezzor v S\u00fdrii odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed rostouc\u00ed ozbrojen\u00fd odpor m\u00edstn\u00edch arabsk\u00fdch kmen\u016f proti kurdsk\u00fdm sil\u00e1m podporovan\u00fdm USA, kter\u00e9 kontroluj\u00ed jejich p\u016fdu a zdroje, a mohlo by otev\u0159\u00edt novou frontu pro z\u00e1padoasijskou osu odporu.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

7. srpna koalice syrsk\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch kmen\u016f dobyla zp\u011bt n\u011bkolik kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch m\u011bst na v\u00fdchod\u011b syrsk\u00e9 provincie Deir Ezzor od kurdsk\u00fdch sil podporovan\u00fdch USA. Tito p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci kmene pod veden\u00edm \u0161ejka Ibrahima al-Hafla zah\u00e1jili nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fatok na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Syrsk\u00fdch demokratick\u00fdch sil (SDF) od lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku arabsk\u00e9ho kmenov\u00e9ho povst\u00e1n\u00ed proti milic\u00edm podporovan\u00fdm USA.<\/span><\/p>\n

Obnoven\u00e1 ofenz\u00edva tak\u00e9 znovu podn\u00edtila lidov\u00fd odpor v\u016f\u010di americk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti v regionu, kter\u00fd se datuje od pu\u010de veden\u00ed SDF proti vojensk\u00e9 rad\u011b Deir Ezzor, kter\u00fd vedl k zat\u010den\u00ed a sesazen\u00ed arabsk\u00e9ho v\u016fdce Ahmeda al-Khabila, tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho jako Abu. Khawla.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jiskra odporu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V srpnu 2023 vyvolalo zat\u010den\u00ed v\u016fdce vojensk\u00e9 rady Deir Ezzor SDF kmenov\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed v n\u011bkolika vesnic\u00edch pod kontrolou SDF \u2013 od Al-Baghouz po Al-Shuhail. Toto povst\u00e1n\u00ed se rychle rozvinulo v organizovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odpor, kdy\u017e \u0161ejk Hafl v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku ve zvukov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b ozn\u00e1mil vytvo\u0159en\u00ed vojensk\u00e9ho velen\u00ed pro \u201eArm\u00e1du kmen\u016f a klan\u016f v zemi Deir Ezzor\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

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St\u0159ety na \u0159ece Eufrat v guvernor\u00e1tu Deir Ezzor.<\/span><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Od t\u00e9 doby se Hafl stal st\u00e1lou hrozbou pro SDF s obvin\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee ho syrsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da a \u00cdr\u00e1n podporuj\u00ed. Jde o zjevn\u00fd pokus zdiskreditovat arabsk\u00e9 kmenov\u00e9 hnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je ve skute\u010dnosti zam\u011b\u0159eno na osvobozen\u00ed zem\u011b a obnovu zdroj\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

SDF p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b ozn\u00e1mily \u201ene\u00fasp\u011bch\u201c \u00fatoku, kter\u00fd byl \u00fadajn\u011b proveden \u201ena p\u0159\u00edkaz\u201c Hossama Louky, \u0161\u00e9fa syrsk\u00e9 V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 zpravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby. V prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9m na Facebooku SDF uvedl:<\/span><\/p>\n

„Na\u0161e o\u010distn\u00e1 operace pokra\u010duje proti zbytk\u016fm \u017eold\u00e1k\u016f podporovan\u00fdch syrsk\u00fdm re\u017eimem, kte\u0159\u00ed za\u00fato\u010dili na vesnice Al-Dhiban, Al-Latwa a Abu Hamam.“<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Americk\u00e9 okupa\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edly z\u0159\u00eddily kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny na ropn\u00fdch pol\u00edch Al-Omar a Conoco, v regionu p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ob\u00fdvan\u00e9m arabsk\u00fdmi komunitami dlouho pron\u00e1sledovan\u00fdmi SDF. Kdy\u017e se USA nepoda\u0159ilo tyto kmeny kontrolovat a kooptovat do loaj\u00e1ln\u00ed organizace, sna\u017eily se je m\u00edsto toho vykreslit jako hrozbu spojenou se syrsk\u00fdmi a \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh je v souladu s p\u0159\u00edstupem projektu USA a jeho spojenc\u016f v SDF, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed potla\u010dit jak\u00e1koli hnut\u00ed odporu, kter\u00e1 zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed jejich agendu a praktiky, v\u010detn\u011b kr\u00e1de\u017e\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>syrsk\u00e9<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ropy a p\u0161enice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kmenov\u00fd odpor \u201epodporovan\u00fd \u00cdr\u00e1nem\u201c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Sheikh Hafl vyzval kmeny a klany, zejm\u00e9na ty za hranicemi S\u00fdrie, aby podpo\u0159ily odpor, co\u017e vedlo ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm a trval\u00fdm \u00fatok\u016fm proti SDF. Kmenov\u00fd odpor, zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v Dhibanu, se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il do m\u011bst v\u00fdchodn\u011b od Eufratu a prom\u011bnil je v nep\u0159etr\u017eitou z\u00f3nu konfliktu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento odpor p\u0159edstavoval v\u00fdznamnou hrozbu pro z\u00e1jmy USA a takzvan\u00e1 \u201eOperace Inherent Resolve\u201c ve sv\u00e9 \u010dtvrtletn\u00ed zpr\u00e1v\u011b pro Kongres USA od \u0159\u00edjna do prosince 2023 uvedla, \u017ee se kmenov\u00ed bojovn\u00edci vyvinuli v \u201eplnohodnotn\u00e9 hnut\u00ed odporu\u201c. .<\/span><\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee t\u011bmto bojovn\u00edk\u016fm se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 \u201ev\u00fdslovn\u00e9 podpory od syrsk\u00e9ho re\u017eimu a jeho \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdch spojenc\u016f na z\u00e1padn\u00ed stran\u011b Eufratu, kde odboj\u00e1\u0159i dopl\u0148uj\u00ed z\u00e1soby, p\u0159ezbrojuj\u00ed a prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed \u00fatoky p\u0159es \u0159eku ve vesnic\u00edch kontrolovan\u00fdch SDF. na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed stran\u011b.“<\/span><\/p>\n

Vzhledem k t\u00e9to hrozb\u011b zah\u00e1jila americk\u00e1 letadla v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b n\u011bkolik \u00fader\u016f na arabsk\u00e9 kmenov\u00e9 s\u00edly, aby jim zabr\u00e1nila v postupu na jejich z\u00e1kladny nebo v dosa\u017een\u00ed jejich c\u00edle vyhnat SDF z \u201earabsk\u00e9 zem\u011b\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

SDF obl\u00e9h\u00e1 Hasakah a z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u016fdu pod nohama<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Po roce omezen\u00fdch konfrontac\u00ed a mal\u00fdch operac\u00ed Hafl znovu vyzval k boji proti gang\u016fm, kter\u00e9 naz\u00fdval \u201eQandil\u201c. Toto ozn\u00e1men\u00ed se shodovalo se za\u010d\u00e1tkem n\u00e1siln\u00e9ho \u00fatoku arabsk\u00fdch kmenov\u00fdch sil na pozice SDF ve m\u011bstech a vesnic\u00edch Deir Ezzor.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u011bhem tohoto \u00fatoku se kmenov\u00fdm sil\u00e1m poda\u0159ilo napadnout a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it kontrolu nad oblastmi jako Dhiban, Al-Busaira, Ibriha, Al-Hariji, Al-Tayyaneh, Abu Hamam, Gharanij, Al-Kishkiya a cel\u00fdm korytem \u0159eky. SDF na opl\u00e1tku odpov\u011bd\u011bly oble\u017een\u00edm obyvatel Hasakah a Qamishli v oblastech kontrolovan\u00fdch syrskou vl\u00e1dou, od\u0159\u00edznut\u00edm dod\u00e1vek mouky, j\u00eddla a vody \u2013 taktiku, kterou SDF \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k n\u00e1tlaku na Dama\u0161ek.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zasv\u011bcen\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee SDF bere Hasaku do temnoty, proto\u017ee zaveden\u00ed politiky obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed by mohlo vyvolat m\u00edstn\u00ed konfrontace ve m\u011bst\u011b. To v\u0161ak nezabr\u00e1n\u00ed kmenov\u00e9mu \u201eodboji\u201c pokra\u010dovat ve sv\u00e9m projektu n\u00e1tlaku na americkou okupaci a jej\u00ed kurdsk\u00e9 milice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rusk\u00e1 delegace s\u00eddl\u00edc\u00ed v S\u00fdrii dorazila na leti\u0161t\u011b Qamishli v p\u00e1tek odpoledne a uspo\u0159\u00e1dala n\u011bkolik setk\u00e1n\u00ed, aby zprost\u0159edkovala krizi. Podle syrsk\u00e9ho den\u00edku\u00a0<\/span>Al-Watan<\/span><\/em>\u00a0tyto rozhovory nep\u0159inesly pozitivn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky pot\u00e9, co v\u016fdci SDF odm\u00edtli zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed a trvali na pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed obyvatel Hasaky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch geopolitick\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Americk\u00e1 okupace regionu Jazira a z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 americk\u00fdch z\u00e1kladen nebylo prim\u00e1rn\u011b zam\u00fd\u0161leno v boji proti terorismu, jak tvrdila mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed koalice, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e jako z\u00e1minka pro americkou blok\u00e1du strategick\u00fdch pozemn\u00edch cest mezi v\u00fdchodn\u00edm St\u0159edozem\u00edm a st\u0159edn\u00ed Asie do \u010c\u00edny a \u00cdr\u00e1nu v Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu. USA se tak\u00e9 sna\u017e\u00ed zabr\u00e1nit rozvoji \u00fazk\u00fdch vztah\u016f mezi syrsk\u00fdmi a ir\u00e1ck\u00fdmi regiony.<\/span><\/p>\n

Politolog a v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk Dr. Ahmed al-Druze vysv\u011btluje\u00a0<\/span>The Cradle<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, pro\u010d USA na rozd\u00edl od obyvatel regionu nad\u00e1le pln\u011b podporuj\u00ed SDF.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Americk\u00e1 okupace bude trvat, dokud to bude mo\u017en\u00e9, a z t\u00e9to perspektivy zach\u00e1z\u00ed s arabsk\u00fdmi kmeny.“<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Dr\u00fazov\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee dne\u0161n\u00ed ud\u00e1losti ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed oblasti S\u00fdrie jsou d\u016fsledkem dopadu operace Al-Aks\u00e1 Povode\u0148 palestinsk\u00e9ho odporu a p\u0159el\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed konfliktu p\u0159es z\u00e1padn\u00ed Asii.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee zat\u00edmco ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u011bkter\u00fdmi vn\u00edm\u00e1n jako lok\u00e1ln\u00ed konflikt \u2013 bu\u010f mezi arabsk\u00fdmi klany nebo mezi arabsk\u00fdmi klany a Kurdy \u2013 realita nazna\u010duje opak, proto\u017ee klany sd\u00edlej\u00ed spole\u010dnou v\u011bc s Osou odporu a nach\u00e1zej\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 c\u00edle.<\/span><\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e se situace do\u010dasn\u011b stabilizuje, kdy\u017e se kmenov\u00e9 s\u00edly stahuj\u00ed a SDF zru\u0161\u00ed oble\u017een\u00ed Hasakah a Qamishli, Dr\u00fazov\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1kladn\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konflikt pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b znovu vzplane, mo\u017en\u00e1 v souvislosti s ud\u00e1lostmi v okupovan\u00e9 Palestin\u011b a Gaze.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u010dkoli m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 hovo\u0159it o existen\u010dn\u00edm tr\u00e1pen\u00ed USA v regionu D\u017eaz\u00edra, proto\u017ee jejich ztr\u00e1ty jsou v sou\u010dasnosti omezen\u00e9, spisovatel a politick\u00fd analytik Khaled al-Miftah tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee USA \u010del\u00ed rostouc\u00edmu odm\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti a \u010del\u00ed odporu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Region si st\u00e1le v\u00edce uv\u011bdomuje c\u00edle Washingtonu \u2013 zalo\u017een\u00ed separatistick\u00e9 kurdsk\u00e9 entity a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed syrsk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Al-Miftah \u0159\u00edk\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>The Cradle<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, \u017ee USA za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed poci\u0165ovat dopady turecko-syrsk\u00e9ho sbl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, kter\u00e9, pokud k n\u011bmu dojde pod z\u00e1\u0161titou Ruska, m\u016f\u017ee znamenat konec separatistick\u00fdch ambic\u00ed SDF. V d\u016fsledku toho za\u010daly USA stav\u011bt bari\u00e9ry, aby tomuto v\u00fdsledku zabr\u00e1nily.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00e1st odboje v regionu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee vojensk\u00e9 konflikty na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b \u00fazem\u00ed S\u00fdrie skon\u010dily ji\u017e p\u0159ed lety, v\u00fdchodn\u00ed region se st\u00e1le vyzna\u010duje nap\u011bt\u00edm a pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edmi konflikty. Ozbrojen\u00e9 st\u0159ety mezi SDF a protureck\u00fdmi frakcemi na severu pokra\u010duj\u00ed, zat\u00edmco v\u00e1lka s arabsk\u00fdmi kmenov\u00fdmi silami v\u00fdchodn\u011b od Eufratu vstupuje do nov\u00e9 kapitoly, kterou ur\u010duje jin\u00fd kalkul ne\u017e v minul\u00fdch bitv\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kmeny jsou nyn\u00ed odhodl\u00e1ny roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it sv\u00e9 operace a zv\u00fd\u0161ily svou p\u0159ipravenost. Americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny se staly st\u00e1l\u00fdmi c\u00edli sil odporu jak na syrsk\u00e9, tak ir\u00e1ck\u00e9 stran\u011b, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e drony a rakety \u010dasto \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na okupa\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1kladny v ropn\u00fdch pol\u00edch Omar a Conoco. Mezit\u00edm kmeny roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily svou kontrolu nad vesnicemi, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed jako prvn\u00ed obrann\u00e1 linie SDF kolem americk\u00fdch z\u00e1kladen.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pot\u00e9, co SDF v \u010dervenci propustily stovky bojovn\u00edk\u016f ISIS z v\u011bznic, ISIS pokra\u010duje v teroristick\u00fdch \u00fatoc\u00edch v regionu, p\u0159esto\u017ee mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed koalice d\u0159\u00edve tvrdila, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edtomnost skupiny eliminovala. Bu\u0148ky ISIS pravideln\u011b \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na pozice syrsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy a jej\u00edch spojenc\u016f v ose odporu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Oblast D\u017eaz\u00edry se v podstat\u011b stala boji\u0161t\u011bm, kde nyn\u00ed USA skl\u00edz\u00ed n\u00e1sledky sv\u00e9 nucen\u00e9 okupace syrsk\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed, ani\u017e by uva\u017eovaly o dopadech na \u00fazemn\u00ed jednotu S\u00fdrie a nesv\u00e1rech, kter\u00e9 mezi obyvatelstvo rozs\u00e9v\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdchodn\u00ed region z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 uv\u011bzn\u011bn v cyklu eskalace zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed akt\u00e9ry, zat\u00edmco syrsk\u00e9 obyvatelstvo nese t\u00edhu, trp\u00ed jak pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm n\u00e1sil\u00edm, tak kr\u00e1de\u017e\u00ed sv\u00fdch zdroj\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Autorem je Haidar Mustafa<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Zdroj<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 povst\u00e1n\u00ed v Deir Ezzor v S\u00fdrii odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed rostouc\u00ed ozbrojen\u00fd odpor m\u00edstn\u00edch arabsk\u00fdch kmen\u016f proti…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":28385,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[172,1782,147,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59923"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59923"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59923\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28385"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59923"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59923"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59923"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}