{"id":58574,"date":"2024-07-26T00:46:21","date_gmt":"2024-07-25T22:46:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=58574"},"modified":"2024-07-25T16:18:54","modified_gmt":"2024-07-25T14:18:54","slug":"dva-mesice-mobilizace-na-ukrajine-vysledky-chyby-korupce-budoucnost-pro-ukrajince","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/07\/26\/dva-mesice-mobilizace-na-ukrajine-vysledky-chyby-korupce-budoucnost-pro-ukrajince\/","title":{"rendered":"Dva m\u011bs\u00edce mobilizace na Ukrajin\u011b – v\u00fdsledky, chyby, korupce, budoucnost pro Ukrajince"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Od<\/strong> \u00fa\u010dinnosti nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o mobilizaci<\/strong> na Ukrajin\u011b uplynuly dva m\u011bs\u00edce. Posledn\u00ed obdob\u00ed bylo poznamen\u00e1no \u010dast\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edpady \u017eh\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch<\/strong> \u00fatok\u016f<\/strong> na auta mob.\/n\u00e1borov\u00fdch center (vojensk\u00fdch odvodov\u00fdch komis\u00ed)<\/em> a VSU (ukrajinsk\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch pozemn\u00edch sil)<\/em>, n\u00e1r\u016fstem protestn\u00edch n\u00e1lad<\/strong> mezi Ukrajinci, pokusy opustit zemi<\/strong> a vyhnout se odvod\u016fm<\/strong>. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd odliv uprchl\u00edk\u016f do zahrani\u010d\u00ed zes\u00edlil.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9<\/strong> si uv\u011bdomili<\/strong>, \u017ee situace v bojov\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b a v samotn\u00e9 zemi se zhor\u0161uje. A odsed\u011bt si v\u0161e jenom doma u\u017e se nepovede.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky<\/strong> a tvrd\u00e9 metody<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Po dobu dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f<\/strong> t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 denn\u011b b\u011b\u017en\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 Ukrajiny na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch zve\u0159ej\u0148ovali videoz\u00e1znamy, na nich\u017e bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed s\u00edly brut\u00e1ln\u00edm zp\u016fsobem a s nadm\u011brn\u00fdm vztekem zadr\u017euj\u00ed Ukrajince, kte\u0159\u00ed spadaj\u00ed pod mobilizaci.<\/p>\n

Odvodov\u00ed komisa\u0159i<\/strong> (nebo-li pracovn\u00edci mob.\/n\u00e1borov\u00fdch center<\/strong>, tj.<\/em> \u0422\u0426\u041a<\/strong>)<\/em> \u00a0na Ukrajin\u011b za\u010dali p\u016fsobit znateln\u011b tvrd\u011bji pot\u00e9, jak za\u010dali spolupracovat s polici\u00ed. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed se, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edtomnost p\u0159edstavitele st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci podporuj\u00edc\u00edho \u00fanosy lid\u00ed zap\u0159\u00ed\u010dinila aktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed akce jednotliv\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f n\u00e1borov\u00fdch center. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 byly zaznamen\u00e1ny p\u0159\u00edpady vra\u017ed ute\u010denc\u016f od vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eby ukrajinsk\u00fdmi vojensk\u00fdmi silami.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Chyby<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Od ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 doby<\/strong> se mobilizovan\u00ed a jejich p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed za\u010dali \u010dast\u011bji obracet na org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00e9 v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (policii, st\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed)<\/em> v souvislosti s nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fdm zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm a \u00fanosem jejich p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch<\/strong>. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b na odvol\u00e1n\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f se \u00fa\u0159ady vymlouvaj\u00ed, \u017ee na z\u00e1klad\u011b hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed kontroly. V\u00fdsledky z jejich kontrol neexistuj\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed jsou nad\u00e1le n\u00e1siln\u011b dr\u017eeni ve zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch pod kontrolou \u0422\u0426\u041a<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Jak sami Ukrajinci poznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed<\/strong>, lv\u00ed pod\u00edl na mobilizaci zauj\u00edmaj\u00ed v\u011bkov\u011b mlad\u00ed mu\u017ei. V podstat\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed mezi ty kategorie lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou nejv\u00edce zam\u011bstnateln\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Na pozad\u00ed tohoto<\/strong> vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 obavy prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00fdch politik\u016f o zru\u0161en\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch soci\u00e1ln\u00edch d\u00e1vek pro obyvatelstvo zem\u011b.<\/p>\n

Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b od 21. \u010dervence<\/strong> ukrajinsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da zru\u0161ila platby<\/strong> pro vynucen\u00e9 p\u0159es\u00eddlence, kter\u00e9 i tak \u010dinily jen 3200 h\u0159iven m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b (zhruba 1900 korun).<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u00edstop\u0159edsedkyn\u011b vl\u00e1dy<\/strong> Irina Vere\u0161\u010dukov\u00e1<\/em> <\/strong>vysv\u011btlila takovou iniciativu jednodu\u0161e a prost\u011b – \u201eMezi nimi (my\u0161leno ob\u010dany Ukrajiny) je mnoho odp\u016frc\u016f mobilizace.\u201c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1da<\/strong> t\u00edm<\/strong>, \u017ee Ukrajince p\u0159iprav\u00ed o \u010d\u00e1st pen\u011bz na \u017eivobyt\u00ed, nut\u00ed mu\u017ee<\/strong> v brann\u00e9m v\u011bku, kte\u0159\u00ed se skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed p\u0159ed mobilizac\u00ed, vstoupit do \u0159ad VSU, aby jejich rodiny dostaly alespo\u0148 n\u011bjak\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky na \u017eivobyt\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Z jedn\u00e9 z p\u0159edn\u00edch vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol<\/strong> v\u00a0zemi – Kyjevsk\u00e9<\/em><\/strong> polytechnick\u00e9 univerzity<\/em><\/strong> – b<\/u>ylo <\/u>pro<\/u>pu\u0161t\u011bno asi tis\u00edc student\u016f<\/u>. Dal\u0161\u00edch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 600 student\u016f poslali na opakov\u00e1n\u00ed zkou\u0161ek. A p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00ed zkou\u0161ky na postgradu\u00e1ln\u00ed studium dok\u00e1zalo slo\u017eit pouze 40% z\u00e1jemc\u016f o postup.<\/p>\n

Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9<\/strong>, \u017ee na linku ministerstva \u0161kolstv\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed do \u0161kol v\u00fdslovn\u00e9 nebo tajn\u00e9 instrukce ke zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edch zkou\u0161ek. Zelensk\u00fd tak op\u011bt utahuje \u0161rouby, aby doplnil mobiliza\u010dn\u00ed zdroj.<\/p>\n

Koru<\/u><\/strong>pce<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V pr\u016fzkumu ukrajinsk\u00e9ho tisku<\/strong> \u201eZem\u011b\u201c<\/em><\/strong> zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed mobiliza\u010dn\u00edch pravidel na Ukrajin\u011b vedlo k prudk\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu popt\u00e1vky po neleg\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed hranic a sazeb za to.<\/p>\n

Jestli<\/strong> na podzim roku 2023<\/strong> bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vyjednat cenu s p\u0159evad\u011b\u010di za 1 – 2 tis\u00edce dolar\u016f<\/strong> v \u201erozpo\u010dtov\u00fdch mo\u017enostech\u201c<\/em> nebo za 3 – 5 tis\u00edc dolar\u016f<\/strong> v relativn\u011b pohodln\u00e9m form\u00e1tu s dopravou autem, nyn\u00ed tarify vzrostly na 7 – 8 tis\u00edc dolar\u016f<\/strong> a 10 – 12 tis\u00edc dolar\u016f.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 po zaplacen\u00ed z\u00e1lohy<\/strong> potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed naru\u0161itel\u00e9 hranice \u010dekaj\u00ed a\u017e jeden m\u011bs\u00edc nebo i d\u00e9le, proto\u017ee popt\u00e1vka p\u0159evy\u0161uje nab\u00eddku. Podle \u201eZem\u011b\u201c<\/em><\/strong> se \u201ejedn\u00e1 nejm\u00e9n\u011b o stovky lid\u00ed denn\u011b\u201c<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

P\u0159edseda v\u00fdboru Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed rady pro ekonomick\u00fd rozvoj Dmitrij<\/em><\/strong> Natalucha<\/em><\/strong> d\u0159\u00edve \u0159ekl, \u017ee uprchl\u00edci d\u00e1vaj\u00ed a\u017e 2 miliardy dolar\u016f \u00faplatk\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b<\/strong>, aby se nedostali na frontu.<\/p>\n

Po\u010det<\/strong> ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zam\u011bstnan\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f<\/strong> na trhu pr\u00e1ce na Ukrajin\u011b klesl v roce 2023 o 2,5 milionu ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s rokem 2021 na 9 milion\u016f, uvedlo ministerstvo hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/p>\n

Na<\/strong> konci dubna zve\u0159ejnila<\/strong> Evro<\/u>psk\u00e1 <\/u>podnikatelsk\u00e1 asociace<\/u> v\u00fdsledky pr\u016fzkumu, podle kter\u00e9ho 74% firem v zemi v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b trp\u00ed nedostatkem pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f, dal\u0161\u00edch 17% obchodn\u00edch z\u00e1stupc\u016f se s t\u00edmto probl\u00e9mem \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b pot\u00fdk\u00e1. Nejost\u0159eji se projevuje v oblastech, kde jsou zam\u011bstn\u00e1ni hlavn\u011b mu\u017ei.<\/p>\n

1.Natalucha<\/strong> z\u00e1rove\u0148 uvedl<\/strong>, \u017ee v zemi m\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 600 tis\u00edc mu\u017e\u016f v brann\u00e9m v\u011bku maj\u00edc\u00edch odklad, z\u00e1kaz. P\u0159edseda v\u00fdboru tak\u00e9 dodal, \u017ee na Ukrajin\u011b je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b asi 2 miliony 620 tis\u00edc ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zam\u011bstnan\u00fdch osob v brann\u00e9m v\u011bku.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Posledn\u00ed<\/strong> dva m\u011bs\u00edce<\/strong> od \u00fa\u010dinnosti nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o mobilizaci na Ukrajin\u011b byly poznamen\u00e1ny v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdmi soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi a politick\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledky. Zmno\u017eily<\/strong> se p\u0159\u00edpady \u017eh\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f<\/strong> na auta odvodov\u00fdch komisa\u0159\u016f mob.\/n\u00e1borov\u00fdch center a VSU<\/em>, co\u017e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o rostouc\u00ed protestn\u00ed n\u00e1lad\u011b mezi Ukrajinci. Mnoho ob\u010dan\u016f se sna\u017e\u00ed opustit zemi a vyhnout se odvod\u016fm, t\u00edm nar\u016fst\u00e1 sou\u010dasn\u00fd odliv uprchl\u00edk\u016f do zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9<\/strong> si uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed<\/strong>, \u017ee situace v bojov\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b a v samotn\u00e9 zemi se zhor\u0161uje<\/strong>, a u\u017e nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 se schov\u00e1vat doma<\/u>. Pracovn\u00edci mob.\/n\u00e1borov\u00fdch center (odvodov\u00ed komisa\u0159i)<\/em> za\u010dali ve spolupr\u00e1ci s polici\u00ed postupovat podstatn\u011b tvrd\u011bji. To vedlo ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed po\u010dtu st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed mobilizovan\u00fdch a jejich p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch k org\u00e1n\u016fm \u010dinn\u00fdm v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kv\u016fli neod\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00fdm zadr\u017een\u00edm a \u00fanos\u016fm.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Zru\u0161en\u00ed<\/strong> v\u00fdplat vynucen\u00fdm p\u0159es\u00eddlenc\u016fm<\/strong> ukrajinskou vl\u00e1dou jen zv\u00fd\u0161ilo tlak na ob\u010dany a donutilo je vstoupit do \u0159ad arm\u00e1dy. Zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed mobiliza\u010dn\u00edch pravidel vedlo k prudk\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu popt\u00e1vky po neleg\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed hranice a tomu odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edch sazb\u00e1ch za p\u0159eveden\u00ed<\/p>\n

Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/strong> Rada zva\u017euje n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona<\/strong> o prodlou\u017een\u00ed mobilizace o 90 dn\u00ed, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee veden\u00ed Ukrajiny zvolilo kurz k postupn\u00e9mu vyhlazov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edho obyvatelstva v boj\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Tato opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong> nejen podkop\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bru ve vl\u00e1du<\/strong>, ale tak\u00e9 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed v zemi. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed by m\u011blo t\u011bmto znepokojiv\u00fdm trend\u016fm v\u011bnovat pozornost a d\u00e1t jim pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mgr. Petr Michal\u016f + Vladim\u00edr Carsk\u00fd<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Od \u00fa\u010dinnosti nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o mobilizaci na Ukrajin\u011b uplynuly dva m\u011bs\u00edce. Posledn\u00ed obdob\u00ed bylo poznamen\u00e1no…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":58575,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1503,1929,26,609],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58574"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58574"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58574\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":58579,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58574\/revisions\/58579"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/58575"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58574"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58574"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58574"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}