{"id":58374,"date":"2024-07-23T04:36:07","date_gmt":"2024-07-23T02:36:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=58374"},"modified":"2024-07-23T04:36:07","modified_gmt":"2024-07-23T02:36:07","slug":"dr-sherri-tenpenny-cista-voda-zachranila-svet-ne-ockovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/07\/23\/dr-sherri-tenpenny-cista-voda-zachranila-svet-ne-ockovani\/","title":{"rendered":"Dr. Sherri Tenpenny: \u010cist\u00e1 voda zachr\u00e1nila sv\u011bt, ne o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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T\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed p\u0159elomem 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed se d\u011blaly sporadick\u00e9 pokusy zlep\u0161it sanitaci. M\u011bsta za\u010dala dl\u00e1\u017edit silnice, zav\u00e1d\u011bla sb\u011br odpadu a stav\u011bla skl\u00e1dky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed \u00fapravny vody m\u011bly syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 byly neadekv\u00e1tn\u011b navr\u017eeny a \u010dasto se ucp\u00e1valy lidsk\u00fdmi exkrementy a zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edmi zbytky z ulice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 si p\u0159edstavit stav \u0161p\u00edny, na kter\u00fd byli lid\u00e9 zvykl\u00ed na za\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed. V\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va Ministerstva zdravotnictv\u00ed m\u011bsta New York z roku 1912 uv\u00e1d\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201e\u2026odstran\u011bno 20 000 mrtv\u00fdch kon\u00ed, mezk\u016f, osl\u00ed a skotu z ulic, krom\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u016fl milionu men\u0161\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at, jako jsou prasata, telata, ovce, v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 500 tun porouchan\u00e9 dr\u016fbe\u017ee, ryb, vep\u0159ov\u00e9ho a hov\u011bz\u00edho masa, vodovodech.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee zpr\u00e1va upozor\u0148ovala i na obrovsk\u00fd po\u010det st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed \u2013 celkem v\u00edce ne\u017e 343 000 \u2013 na nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd z\u00e1pach v d\u016fsledku \u0161patn\u00e9ho v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed a nepovolen\u00fdch skl\u00e1dek hnoje. (zdroj: str. 11 zpr\u00e1vy).<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 1872 bylo zaveden\u00ed filtrace vody v USA v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm krokem ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed. Filtrace, kter\u00e1 byla p\u016fvodn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159ena na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed zm\u011bny barvy a odstran\u011bn\u00ed \u0161patn\u00e9 chuti a z\u00e1pachu, se brzy uk\u00e1zala jako z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bna.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejen\u017ee odstranila z\u00e1kal, \u0161pinav\u00e9 zbarven\u00ed a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 99% bakteri\u00ed, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 byl stanoven nov\u00fd standard pro \u201ekvalitu\u201c upraven\u00e9 vody.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e v\u0161ak r\u016fzn\u00e9 epidemie pokra\u010dovaly, chemici experimentovali s n\u011bkolika dezinfek\u010dn\u00edmi metodami, v\u010detn\u011b varu, ultrafialov\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, ozonu, m\u011bdi, st\u0159\u00edbra a chl\u00f3ru. Zhodnocen\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f a jednoduchosti pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159ineslo jasn\u00e9ho v\u00edt\u011bze – chl\u00f3r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chlornan v\u00e1penat\u00fd, kter\u00fd byl poprv\u00e9 pou\u017eit v pap\u00edrensk\u00e9m a textiln\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu, je stabiln\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e1 pevn\u00e1 l\u00e1tka, kter\u00e1 obsahuje 65% chl\u00f3ru a snadno se rozpou\u0161t\u00ed ve vod\u011b. Cl\u00f3rnan v\u00e1penat\u00fd byl levn\u00fd, snadno dostupn\u00fd a snadno pou\u017eiteln\u00fd ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. Pou\u017e\u00edval se ji\u017e k \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody v Chicago Stockyards.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jersey City, New Jersey, bylo prvn\u00edm m\u011bstem, kter\u00e9 za\u010dalo pou\u017e\u00edvat chl\u00f3r na \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody. V roce 1899 m\u011bsto uzav\u0159elo smlouvu na v\u00fdstavbu p\u0159ehrady, n\u00e1dr\u017ee a potrub\u00ed pro dod\u00e1vku vody do m\u011bsta z \u0159eky Rockaway vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 40 km.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po jej\u00edm dokon\u010den\u00ed v\u0161ak nebyli p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 m\u011bsta s v\u00fdsledkem zcela spokojeni. V ur\u010dit\u00fdch obdob\u00edch roku toti\u017e spla\u0161kov\u00e9 vody zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ovaly n\u00e1dr\u017e a t\u00edm i m\u011bstskou vodu. Byla pod\u00e1na \u017ealoba z d\u016fvodu, \u017ee voda nen\u00ed \u201e\u010dist\u00e1 a nez\u00e1vadn\u00e1\u201c, jak to vy\u017eadovala smlouva. Stavebn\u00ed firma byla nucena odstranit zdroje kontaminace a vybudovat nov\u00e9 povod\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po dokon\u010den\u00ed podalo m\u011bsto dal\u0161\u00ed \u017ealobu, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdvala vysokou cenou odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 175 milion\u016fm dolar\u016f v dne\u0161n\u00edch cen\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

V dob\u011b v\u00fdstavby nov\u00e9 p\u0159ehrady ji\u017e pokro\u010dily tak\u00e9 bakteriologick\u00e9 techniky. In\u017een\u00fdr George Warren Fuller byl pov\u011b\u0159en vybudov\u00e1n\u00edm syst\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edvodu chl\u00f3ru, kter\u00fd by do m\u011bsta dod\u00e1val miliony litr\u016f dekontaminovan\u00e9 vody denn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ehrada od prvn\u00edho dne realizace po dne\u0161ek pokra\u010duje v dod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch forem chl\u00f3ru do syst\u00e9mu z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed vodou. Dne 26. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2016 uplynul 108. rok nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed chl\u00f3ru ve vodovodech.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 implementaci chlorov\u00e1n\u00ed v Jersey City si tuto metodu rychle osvojila mnoh\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsta s p\u016fsobiv\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky.<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 1900 tvo\u0159ily nemoci p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 vodou t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jednu \u010dtvrtinu v\u0161ech hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch \u00famrt\u00ed ve velk\u00fdch m\u011bstech. Do roku 1936, po rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9m zaveden\u00ed technologi\u00ed pro \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody ve ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch vodovodech, se celkov\u00e1 \u00famrtnost na infek\u010dn\u00ed choroby sn\u00ed\u017eila asi o 43%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Odhaduje se, \u017ee v roce 1941 bylo ji\u017e 85% pitn\u00e9 vody v USA chlorov\u00e1no. Technologie \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody a p\u00edskov\u00e1 filtrace kombinovan\u00e1 s chlorov\u00e1n\u00edm, sn\u00ed\u017eily do roku 1956 \u00famrtnost na tyfus o v\u00edce ne\u017e 90%.<\/span><\/p>\n

J\u00e1dro tohoto odhalen\u00ed poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u010dl\u00e1nku Cutlera a Millera z Harvardsk\u00e9 univerzity, publikovan\u00e9ho v roce 2004:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e v\u00fdsledky tak\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dist\u00e1 voda je zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za 74% pokles novorozeneck\u00e9 \u00famrtnosti a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 62% pokles d\u011btsk\u00e9 \u00famrtnosti. Velikost t\u011bchto \u00fa\u010dink\u016f je zar\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee \u010dist\u00e1 voda vedla k t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u00e9 eradikaci b\u0159i\u0161n\u00edho tyfu a jin\u00fdch pohrom, jako jsou z\u00e1pal plic, tuberkul\u00f3za, meningitida a z\u00e1\u0161krt. Technologie \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody jsou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1sahem do ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed ve 20. stolet\u00ed.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Obrovsk\u00fd po\u010det p\u0159ist\u011bhovalc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ijeli do USA koncem 19. stolet\u00ed, p\u0159inesl s sebou patogeny spojen\u00e9 s nedostate\u010dnou hygienou. \u010cty\u0159i vakc\u00edny \u2013 proti b\u0159i\u0161n\u00edmu tyfu, chole\u0159e, vzteklin\u011b a\u00a0<\/span>moru<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u2013 byly vyvinuty ji\u017e koncem 19. stolet\u00ed, ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 nebyla \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na a ani velmi \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na infekce existovalo jen m\u00e1lo zp\u016fsob\u016f l\u00e9\u010dby. Penicilin, prvn\u00ed antibiotikum, byl objeven a\u017e v roce 1929 a \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n a\u017e za\u010d\u00e1tkem 40. let 20. stolet\u00ed. Jedin\u00fdm b\u011b\u017en\u011b pod\u00e1van\u00fdm o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm v t\u00e9 dob\u011b byla vakc\u00edna proti prav\u00fdm ne\u0161tovic\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do roku 1868 bylo v\u00edce ne\u017e 95% obyvatel Chicaga o\u010dkov\u00e1no touto vakc\u00ednou proti prav\u00fdm ne\u0161tovic\u00edm. Po velk\u00e9m po\u017e\u00e1ru v Chicagu v roce 1871 bylo k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed pomoci od vl\u00e1dy vy\u017eadov\u00e1no o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navzdory t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 100% proo\u010dkovanosti m\u011bsto postihla v roce 1872 zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed epidemie prav\u00fdch ne\u0161tovic. V\u00edce ne\u017e 2.000 lid\u00ed onemocn\u011blo a v\u00edce ne\u017e 25% infikovan\u00fdch zem\u0159elo. \u00damrtnost mezi d\u011btmi do p\u011bti let byla nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, jak\u00e1 byla kdy zaznamen\u00e1na.<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00e9ho m\u011bsta nevytvo\u0159ilo kolektivn\u00ed imunitu a neochr\u00e1nilo obyvatelstvo p\u0159ed naka\u017een\u00edm ne\u0161tovicemi. Navzdory t\u011bmto \u2013 a mnoh\u00fdm dal\u0161\u00edm selh\u00e1n\u00edm \u2013 je o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed neust\u00e1le propagov\u00e1no jako jeden z \u201enejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch medic\u00ednsk\u00fdch v\u00fddobytk\u016f modern\u00ed civilizace\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Skute\u010dn\u00ed hrdinov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed zm\u011bnili chod d\u011bjin a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed, se zmi\u0148uj\u00ed jen z\u0159\u00eddka: \u010dist\u00e1 voda, \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odpadn\u00edch vod pro obce a elekt\u0159ina na podporu chlazen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve 21. stolet\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e polovina sv\u011btov\u00e9 populace, tedy v\u00edce ne\u017e 4 miliardy lid\u00ed, \u017eije v mal\u00fdch m\u011bstech nebo na venkov\u011b. V\u011bt\u0161ina chud\u00fdch nem\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstup k \u010dist\u00e9 pitn\u00e9 vod\u011b ani ke spolehliv\u00fdm hygienick\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm. Ve skute\u010dnosti v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b st\u00e1le praktikuje otev\u0159enou defekaci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve spojen\u00ed s nedostate\u010dnou v\u00fd\u017eivou a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm chlazen\u00edm na ochranu potravin p\u0159ed mouchami, \u010dervy a jin\u00fdmi patogeny jsou zdravotn\u00ed probl\u00e9my a infekce nad\u00e1le hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem a prim\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou smrti v zem\u00edch t\u0159et\u00edho sv\u011bta.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ji\u017e v roce 2005 Sv\u011btov\u00e1 banka ve spojen\u00ed se Sv\u011btov\u00fdm sanita\u010dn\u00edm programem (WSP.org) zjistila 47% sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pr\u016fjmu a \u00famrt\u00ed na dehydrataci u d\u011bt\u00ed v odlehl\u00fdch vesnic\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Organizace jako Rotary International, WHO, UNICEF, GAVI, WEF a Gatesova nadace v\u0161ak lij\u00ed des\u00edtky miliard dolar\u016f jen do o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed podvy\u017eiven\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed hygienu, vodu, chlazen\u00ed a vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nam\u00edsto tla\u010den\u00ed pen\u011bz do vakc\u00edn proti d\u011btsk\u00e9 obrn\u011b, spalni\u010dk\u00e1m a rotavirem, je nezbytn\u00e9 myslet na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 by se vy\u0159e\u0161ily, kdyby se tyt\u00e9\u017e pen\u00edze p\u0159id\u011blily na nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed intervenci v historii lidstva \u2013 \u010distou vodu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Autor: Rhody Wilsonov\u00e1, Zdroj:\u00a0<\/span>expose-news.com<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed p\u0159elomem 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed se d\u011blaly sporadick\u00e9 pokusy zlep\u0161it sanitaci. M\u011bsta za\u010dala…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":58375,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[213,276,1106,21],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58374"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58374"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58374\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/58375"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}