{"id":58050,"date":"2024-07-18T07:39:50","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T05:39:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=58050"},"modified":"2024-07-18T07:39:50","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T05:39:50","slug":"japonsko-uzemni-naroky-sili-ve-vsech-smerech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/07\/18\/japonsko-uzemni-naroky-sili-ve-vsech-smerech\/","title":{"rendered":"Japonsko: \u00fazemn\u00ed n\u00e1roky s\u00edl\u00ed ve v\u0161ech sm\u011brech"},"content":{"rendered":"
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U\u017e tak obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd dialog mezi Pekingem, Soulem a Tokiem komplikuje zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed Washingtonu do region\u00e1ln\u00edch proces\u016f<\/span><\/h2>\n

10.\u010dervence \u00fazemn\u00ed spor mezi \u010c\u00ednou a Japonskem znovu eskaloval<\/a>: pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017e \u010cLR vyhnala japonsk\u00e9 hl\u00eddkov\u00e9 a ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u010dluny z vod sporn\u00fdch ostrov\u016f Diaoyu (japonsky Senkaku) ve V\u00fdchodo\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i. Jak uvedl mluv\u010d\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho ministerstva zahrani\u010d\u00ed Liou Dejun,\u00a0\u201e… plavidla \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017ee reagovala v souladu s \u00fazemn\u00ed celistvost\u00ed \u010c\u00edny. Diaoyu je nezciziteln\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed \u010c\u00edny: vyz\u00fdv\u00e1me Japonsko, aby okam\u017eit\u011b zastavilo ve\u0161ker\u00e9 nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 aktivity v t\u011bchto vod\u00e1ch<\/em>\u00a0. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017e \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky\u00a0\u201ebude nad\u00e1le zaji\u0161\u0165ovat pr\u00e1vo a po\u0159\u00e1dek ve vod\u00e1ch pod jurisdikc\u00ed \u010c\u00edny\u201c.<\/em><\/p>\n

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Za\u010d\u00e1tkem \u010dervna \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady p\u0159ijaly opat\u0159en\u00ed ke sledov\u00e1n\u00ed vod pobl\u00ed\u017e sporn\u00fdch ostrov\u016f, kam vplula \u010dty\u0159i ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 plavidla a n\u011bkolik japonsk\u00fdch hl\u00eddkov\u00fdch \u010dlun\u016f, \u0159ekl Gan Yu, ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1stupce Spr\u00e1vy pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017ee (CGU) \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky. ve dnech 20. a\u017e 24. \u010dervna vplula do vymezen\u00e9 vodn\u00ed plochy \u010dty\u0159i japonsk\u00e1 plavidla, zejm\u00e9na \u201eEbisu\u201c a \u201eTsurumaru\u201c, v reakci na to ministerstvo obrany p\u0159ijalo \u201enezbytn\u00e1 kontroln\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed v souladu se z\u00e1konem\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed str\u00e1\u017e vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010dinnost v oblasti vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va ve vod\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 pova\u017euje za sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed.\u00a0„Vyz\u00fdv\u00e1me japonskou stranu, aby okam\u017eit\u011b zastavila ve\u0161ker\u00e9 nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 aktivity v t\u00e9to oblasti a zajistila, \u017ee se podobn\u00e9 incidenty nebudou opakovat,“<\/em>\u00a0uvedl Peking.<\/p>\n

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St\u00e1le \u201ebojovn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c zpr\u00e1vy ofici\u00e1ln\u00edho Tokia, kter\u00e9 si \u010din\u00ed absurdn\u00ed n\u00e1roky na Ji\u017en\u00ed Kurilsk\u00e9 ostrovy, nejsou v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b doprov\u00e1zeny zastaven\u00edm (nebo alespo\u0148 utlumen\u00edm) stejn\u011b dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00edch imperativn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f Japonska na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 ostrovy, jako na korejsk\u00e9<\/a>\u00a0ostrovy Dokdo (japonsky: Take\u0161ima) v Japonsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i (kor. V\u00fdchodn\u00ed) mo\u0159i. Hypotetick\u00e1 kontrola nad v\u0161emi t\u011bmito ostrovn\u00edmi \u00fazem\u00edmi umo\u017e\u0148uje t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00faplnou kontrolu nejen nad t\u011bmito mo\u0159i, ale tak\u00e9 nad \u00fa\u017einami mezi nimi a Tich\u00fdm oce\u00e1nem.<\/p>\n

V letech 1945-71. Diaoyu ovl\u00e1dala okupa\u010dn\u00ed americk\u00e1 administrativa na Okinaw\u011b, kde se dodnes nach\u00e1z\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina vojensk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Pentagonu v Japonsku. Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 tak p\u0159edem zhodnotili geostrategick\u00fd v\u00fdznam Senkakus\u016f. Od po\u010d\u00e1tku 60. let 20. stolet\u00ed. japonsk\u00e1 identita souostrov\u00ed byla vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena v Tokiu a v roce 1972 byli ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zahrnuti do Zem\u011b vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edho slunce, co\u017e se setkalo s t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 soub\u011b\u017en\u00fdm protestem Pekingu i Tchaj-peje. Jak \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 republika, tak Kuomintang \u201e\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 republika\u201c na Tchaj-wanu (v roce 1947) zpo\u010d\u00e1tku prohl\u00e1sily ostrovy za \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9. Tokio v\u0161ak zat\u00edm nepos\u00edlilo p\u0159\u00edtomnost sv\u00fdch \u201esebeobrann\u00fdch sil\u201c v \u200b\u200bSenkaku a p\u0159ilehl\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch, aby se zde vyhnulo vojensk\u00e9mu konfliktu s Pekingem a Tchaj-pej.<\/p>\n

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Situaci p\u0159i\u017eivuje\u00a0pr\u016fzkum<\/a>\u00a0zahrani\u010dn\u00edch a \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch geolog\u016f v polovin\u011b 70. let. a pozd\u011bji zna\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1soby ropy a zejm\u00e9na plynu na \u0161elfu sporn\u00fdch \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch ostrov\u016f. V roce 1999 byly tyto objemy potvrzeny na 200\u2013220 miliard kubick\u00fdch metr\u016f a na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2010. stanoven\u00fd objem z\u00e1sob plynu zde p\u0159es\u00e1hl 270 miliard metr\u016f krychlov\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

Situaci s Diaoyu komplikuje skute\u010dnost, \u017ee je Peking v roce 1997\u00a0vylou\u010dil<\/a>\u00a0z n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00f3ny \u010cLR v\u00fdm\u011bnou za voln\u00fd rybolov v jejich vod\u00e1ch a nevojensk\u00fd tranzit p\u0159es ni (podobn\u011b jako podobn\u00fd protokol mezi Tchaj-wanem a Japonskem na konci 70. let 20. stolet\u00ed ., a\u010dkoli ot\u00e1zka stavu ostrov\u016f a jejich n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed z\u00f3ny nebyla zm\u00edn\u011bna).<\/p>\n

V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2012\u00a0vstoupilo<\/a>\u00a0do teritori\u00e1ln\u00edch vod Senkakusu \u0161est \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch hl\u00eddkov\u00fdch lod\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se dostaly velmi bl\u00edzko ke sporn\u00fdm ostrov\u016fm. Demonstrativn\u00ed vstup \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch hl\u00eddkov\u00fdch jednotek, trvaj\u00edc\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 7 hodin, se stal dosud nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm v historii sporu mezi Tokiem a Pekingem o Senkakus. Od t\u00e9 doby jsou hl\u00eddkov\u00e1 plavidla \u010c\u00edny a Tchaj-wanu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neust\u00e1le pobl\u00ed\u017e souostrov\u00ed a pravideln\u011b nav\u0161t\u011bvuj\u00ed jejich pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed z\u00f3nu.<\/p>\n

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Mezit\u00edm, v roce 2020 a pozd\u011bji, Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty\u00a0ofici\u00e1ln\u011b<\/a> potvrdily (stejn\u011b jako d\u0159\u00edve) roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed p\u016fsobnosti USA na zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 ostrovy, jako\u017e i na ostrovy Dokdo sporn\u00e9 Japonskem u Koreje a rusk\u00e9 Ji\u017en\u00ed Kurilsk\u00e9 ostrovy. -Japonsk\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed smlouva s otev\u0159en\u00fdm koncem z roku 1951 – navzdory protest\u016fm Moskvy, Pekingu a Tchaj-peje, Pchjongjangu a Soulu. Americk\u00e9 letectvo a n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo tedy nejsou nikterak vz\u00e1cn\u00fdmi \u201en\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky\u201c ve vod\u00e1ch ostrov\u016f, o kter\u00e9 se dohaduj\u00ed Tokio na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b, a \u010cLR, Tchaj-wanu a obou Korej\u00ed na stran\u011b druh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

V tomto ohledu lze d\u016fvodn\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee absence jasn\u00e9 definice mezist\u00e1tn\u00edch n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch hranic mezi Japonskem, Koreou a \u010c\u00ednou a tak\u00e9 mezi Japonskem a SSSR v m\u00edrov\u00e9 smlouv\u011b ze San Francisca (1951) m\u011bla za c\u00edl vytvo\u0159it v\u011brohodnou z\u00e1minku pro n\u00e1slednou vojenskou p\u0159\u00edtomnost Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty americk\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed ve strategicky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch oblastech s vyhl\u00eddkou na eskalaci \u00fazemn\u00edch spor\u016f. V \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm kontextu hovo\u0159\u00edme o dal\u0161\u00ed eskalaci na pozad\u00ed v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 vojensko-politick\u00e9 eskalace v asijsko-pacifick\u00e9m regionu. Dialog mezi Pekingem, Soulem a Tokiem je p\u0159itom v polov\u011bdom\u00e9m stavu. V listopadu 2023 se po \u010dty\u0159let\u00e9 p\u0159est\u00e1vce\u00a0se\u0161li<\/a> minist\u0159i zahrani\u010d\u00ed \u010c\u00edny, Japonska a Korejsk\u00e9 republiky v jihokorejsk\u00e9m Pusanu a mo\u017enost po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to akce nebyla p\u0159es periodick\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed nik\u00fdm n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f ofici\u00e1ln\u011b potvrzena, a to o priorit\u011b zachov\u00e1n\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f a p\u0159ipravenosti k diplomatick\u00e9mu dialogu.<\/p>\n

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Na konci kv\u011btna 2024 se v Soulu uskute\u010dnilo dev\u00e1t\u00e9 trilater\u00e1ln\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed na vysok\u00e9 \u00farovni mezi \u010c\u00ednou, Japonskem a Korejskou republikou (\u010cLR zastupoval p\u0159edseda St\u00e1tn\u00ed rady Li Qiang). Navzdory zd\u00e1nliv\u011b benevolentn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9\u0159e setk\u00e1n\u00ed v jednu chv\u00edli vyj\u00e1d\u0159il obavy \u010c\u00edny z krok\u016f Japonska a Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje k pos\u00edlen\u00ed jejich bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho partnerstv\u00ed se Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty, co\u017e je v Pekingu vn\u00edm\u00e1no jako pokus o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed bloku, kter\u00fd by \u201ezadr\u017eoval\u201c \u010c\u00ednu, kter\u00e1\u00a0je<\/a> \u201eopatrn\u00e1\u201c k pl\u00e1n\u016fm Tokia rozm\u00edstit 400 \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch st\u0159el Tomahawk dlouh\u00e9ho doletu a umo\u017enit opravy a \u00fadr\u017ebu americk\u00fdch v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch lod\u00ed na podporu jeho operac\u00ed v z\u00e1padn\u00edm Pacifiku. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed vojensk\u00fdch cvi\u010den\u00ed v Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji, Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech a Japonsku vyvolalo tak\u00e9 protesty \u010c\u00edny, tak\u017ee po\u010det nahromad\u011bn\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f p\u0159ekra\u010duje v\u0161echny rozumn\u00e9 meze, tak\u017ee je pro strany mnohem jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed obvi\u0148ovat se navz\u00e1jem, ne\u017e hledat kompromisy . B\u011bhem setk\u00e1n\u00ed s Li Qiangem jihokorejsk\u00fd v\u016fdce po\u017e\u00e1dal \u010c\u00ednu, aby \u201ep\u0159isp\u011bla k podpo\u0159e m\u00edru na Korejsk\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b\u201c, co\u017e je zjevn\u00fd odkaz na jadern\u00fd program Severn\u00ed Koreje a jej\u00ed prohlubov\u00e1n\u00ed vojensk\u00fdch vazeb s Ruskem. Japonsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r Kishida zase tak\u00e9 hovo\u0159il o \u201ev\u00e1\u017en\u00e9m znepokojen\u00ed\u201c nad situac\u00ed v Jiho\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i a tak\u00e9 z n\u011bjak\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu v Hongkongu v Ujgursk\u00e9 autonomn\u00ed oblasti Sin-\u0165iang (!). Japonsko podle n\u011bj pozorn\u011b sleduje i v\u00fdvoj na \u201esamospr\u00e1vn\u00e9m\u201c Tchaj-wanu.<\/p>\n

„\u010c\u00edna, Japonsko a Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea by se m\u011bly \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b vypo\u0159\u00e1dat s citliv\u00fdmi ot\u00e1zkami a rozd\u00edly a vz\u00e1jemn\u011b se starat o sv\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy a hlavn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy a skute\u010dn\u011b budovat skute\u010dn\u00fd multilateralismus,“<\/em>\u00a0\u0159ekl Li Kche-\u010dchiang diplomaticky. Americk\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost v regionu a pokusy d\u00e1vat dohromady r\u016fzn\u00e1 proti\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 spojenectv\u00ed v\u0161ak zjevn\u011b neslibuj\u00ed pro v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii snadn\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

PS<\/em><\/strong>: Moskva rad\u00ed Soulu, aby zastavil vojensk\u00e9 \u201ehry\u201c pobl\u00ed\u017e hranic KLDR, kter\u00e9 s sebou nesou rizika ozbrojen\u00e9 eskalace na Korejsk\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b, \u0159ekla 12. \u010dervence mluv\u010d\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho ministerstva zahrani\u010d\u00ed Maria Zacharovov\u00e1. Ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve bylo zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea zah\u00e1jila hromadnou v\u00fdrobu laserov\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako Laser Based Anti-Aircraft Weapon Block-I a \u00fadajn\u011b schopn\u00fdch p\u0159esn\u011b<\/a> zas\u00e1hnout mal\u00e1 bezpilotn\u00ed letadla a multikopt\u00e9ry na kr\u00e1tkou vzd\u00e1lenost za abnorm\u00e1ln\u011b n\u00edzkou cenu za v\u00fdst\u0159el. (p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se nasazen\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b letos, jak jsme ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve uvedli na InfoKur\u00fdru<\/strong><\/em>). Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea bude i nad\u00e1le podporovat Zelensk\u00e9ho re\u017eim a bude se sna\u017eit naru\u0161it spolupr\u00e1ci mezi Ruskem a KLDR, prohl\u00e1sil prezident t\u00e9to zem\u011b Yoon Seok-yeol na summitu NATO, kter\u00fd skon\u010dil ve Washingtonu.<\/p>\n

DMITRIJ NEFEDOV<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

U\u017e tak obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd dialog mezi Pekingem, Soulem a Tokiem komplikuje zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed Washingtonu do region\u00e1ln\u00edch proces\u016f…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":58051,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,105,4191,2303],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58050"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58050"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58050\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/58051"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58050"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58050"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58050"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}