{"id":57617,"date":"2024-07-12T05:00:27","date_gmt":"2024-07-12T03:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=57617"},"modified":"2024-07-12T05:00:27","modified_gmt":"2024-07-12T03:00:27","slug":"lucas-leiroz-zatimco-vedouci-predstavitele-nato-diskutuji-o-ruske-hrozbe-usa-schvaluji-novy-jaderny-projekt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/07\/12\/lucas-leiroz-zatimco-vedouci-predstavitele-nato-diskutuji-o-ruske-hrozbe-usa-schvaluji-novy-jaderny-projekt\/","title":{"rendered":"Lucas Leiroz: Zat\u00edmco vedouc\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 NATO diskutuj\u00ed o \u201erusk\u00e9 hrozb\u011b\u201c, USA schvaluj\u00ed nov\u00fd jadern\u00fd projekt"},"content":{"rendered":"
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USA vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed summit NATO k prosazen\u00ed jadern\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed v dom\u00e1c\u00ed politice. Ministerstvo obrany v ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ozn\u00e1milo, \u017ee bude pokra\u010dovat ve sv\u00e9m projektu v\u00fdvoje nov\u00e9 mezikontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed balistick\u00e9 st\u0159ely Sentinel, a to i p\u0159es exponenci\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst n\u00e1klad\u016f.\u00a0<\/span>Kongres schv\u00e1lil n\u00e1vrh<\/span><\/a>\u00a0i p\u0159es jeho vysoce nezodpov\u011bdnou povahu. C\u00edlem je zlep\u0161it jadern\u00e9 kapacity USA v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed krizi.<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee program Sentinel nahrad\u00ed v\u0161echny zastaral\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 rakety Minuteman III v zemi. N\u00e1klady na projekt se v sou\u010dasnosti odhaduj\u00ed na 140 miliard dolar\u016f, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje 81% n\u00e1r\u016fst o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s prvn\u00edm hodnocen\u00edm programu. Pentagon d\u0159\u00edve sl\u00edbil, \u017ee na v\u00fdrobu nov\u00fdch raket utrat\u00ed pouh\u00fdch 77 miliard dolar\u016f, ale hodnotitel\u00e9 nyn\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee projekt bude st\u00e1t t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvojn\u00e1sobek.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle americk\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f, kdy\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee projekt vzroste v n\u00e1kladech o v\u00edce ne\u017e 25 %, mus\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za n\u00e1vrh p\u0159ezkoumat program a zd\u016fvodnit jeho pot\u0159ebu Kongresu. Pentagon po prostudov\u00e1n\u00ed projektu dosp\u011bl k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee k programu Sentinel neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 alternativy a \u017ee ameri\u010dt\u00ed z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci by m\u011bli co nejd\u0159\u00edve souhlasit s jeho implementac\u00ed, a zajistit tak obnovu americk\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch kapacit. Ameri\u010dt\u00ed politici ze strachu z \u00fadajn\u00fdch \u201ehrozeb\u201c tento po\u017eadavek schv\u00e1lili.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201e[Jsme] si pln\u011b v\u011bdomi n\u00e1klad\u016f (…) Ale jsme si tak\u00e9 v\u011bdomi rizik, \u017ee nebudeme modernizovat na\u0161e jadern\u00e9 s\u00edly a nebudeme se zab\u00fdvat skute\u010dn\u00fdmi hrozbami, kter\u00fdm \u010del\u00edme,\u201c \u0159ekl William LaPlante, n\u00e1m\u011bstek ministra obrany pro akvizice, o p\u0159\u00edpadu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee \u201ehrozby\u201c, kter\u00e9 USA v souvislosti s jadern\u00fdmi ot\u00e1zkami vid\u00ed, se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na Ruskou federaci. Od za\u010d\u00e1tku speci\u00e1ln\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 operace Z\u00e1pad na opat\u0159en\u00ed Moskvy reaguje jadern\u00fdm vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm.\u00a0<\/span>N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed v\u016fdci<\/span><\/a>\u00a0dokonce prohl\u00e1sili, \u017ee by byli p\u0159ipraveni \u010delit jadern\u00e9 v\u00e1lce s Ruskem. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 USA ned\u00e1vno ud\u011blily Ukrajin\u011b povolen\u00ed k \u00fatoku na rusk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 jednotky mimo z\u00f3nu konfliktu, co\u017e by mohlo ohrozit n\u011bkter\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V odvet\u011b za z\u00e1padn\u00ed jadern\u00e9 vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed Moskva pozastavila svou \u00fa\u010dast na smlouv\u011b New START. Dvoustrann\u00e1 rusko-americk\u00e1 dohoda podepsan\u00e1 v roce 2010 omezuje jadern\u00e9 kapacity obou zem\u00ed, a p\u0159esto\u017ee Rusko svou \u00fa\u010dast pozastavilo, zem\u011b st\u00e1le dodr\u017euje pravidla paktu, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezuje jej\u00ed po\u010det zbran\u00ed a nosi\u010d\u016f. V roce 2026 v\u0161ak dohoda vypr\u0161\u00ed a je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee strany dos\u00e1hnou n\u011bjak\u00e9 shody na jej\u00edm obnoven\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V praxi je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee nezodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 \u010diny Z\u00e1padu od \u00fanora 2022 vedou sv\u011bt do nov\u00e9ho jadern\u00e9ho z\u00e1vodu. Z\u00e1pad pod veden\u00edm USA podnik\u00e1 n\u011bkolik iniciativ k eskalaci tohoto z\u00e1vodu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e p\u0159\u00edkladem toho je schv\u00e1len\u00ed nov\u00e9ho mnohamiliardov\u00e9ho jadern\u00e9ho programu, a to i uprost\u0159ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed krize v USA. M\u00edsto vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch pen\u011bz k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu na hranic\u00edch nebo vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edho a etnick\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed, Washington up\u0159ednost\u0148uje investice do jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, aby \u00fadajn\u011b \u010delil \u201erizik\u016fm\u201c, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vlastn\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politika USA.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u0161echny rusk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 akce byly pouze reaktivn\u00ed. Moskva ned\u00e1vno ukon\u010dila z\u00e1kaz jadern\u00fdch test\u016f a zah\u00e1jila spole\u010dn\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed taktick\u00fdch zbran\u00ed s B\u011bloruskou republikou \u2013 zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo ned\u00e1vno poskytnuto jadern\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed k pos\u00edlen\u00ed Minsku uprost\u0159ed hrozeb, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavoval jak kyjevsk\u00fd re\u017eim, tak sousedn\u00ed zem\u011b NATO. Tyto akce byly odvetn\u00e9 vzhledem k jadern\u00e9mu tlaku a neust\u00e1l\u00fdm hrozb\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavovala aliance veden\u00e1 USA v rusk\u00e9m strategick\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V praxi USA vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed hrozbu, p\u0159im\u011bj\u00ed Rusko k reakci \u2013 a pot\u00e9 je rusk\u00e1 odveta z\u00e1padn\u00ed propagandou pops\u00e1na jako \u201enebezpe\u010d\u00ed\u201c, schvaluje dal\u0161\u00ed akce USA a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed za\u010darovan\u00fd kruh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee posledn\u00ed americk\u00fd krok p\u0159i\u0161el v prvn\u00ed den summitu\u00a0<\/span>NATO ve Washingtonu.<\/span><\/a>\u00a0P\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 aliance se sch\u00e1zej\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, aby projednali nov\u00e9 strategie, jak \u010delit Rusku v sou\u010dasn\u00e9m z\u00e1stupn\u00e9m konfliktu. Vzhledem ke kontextu je americk\u00e1 politick\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra je\u0161t\u011b paranoidn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ohledn\u011b mo\u017enosti p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 v\u00e1lky s Ruskem, co\u017e vysv\u011btluje, pro\u010d projev o \u201ejadern\u00e9 hrozb\u011b\u201c p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dil kongresmany, aby schv\u00e1lili nov\u00fd program Sentinel, navzdory jeho p\u0159emr\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

USA a NATO se skute\u010dn\u011b vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed nebezpe\u010dnou cestou. Jadern\u00e1 eskalace nemus\u00ed skon\u010dit, pokud budou i nad\u00e1le \u010dasto p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1na opat\u0159en\u00ed k roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed vojensk\u00fdch kapacit. Vzhledem k p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b obrann\u00e9 povaze rusk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 politiky je cesta k deeskalaci jednoduch\u00e1: USA a jejich partne\u0159i mus\u00ed p\u0159estat ohro\u017eovat Rusko a vyzvat Moskvu, aby znovu projednala novou jadernou dohodu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lucas Leiroz<\/a>, \u010dlen Asociace novin\u00e1\u0159\u016f BRICS, v\u011bdeck\u00fd pracovn\u00edk Centra geostrategick\u00fdch studi\u00ed, vojensk\u00fd expert.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Lucase m\u016f\u017eete sledovat na\u00a0X (d\u0159\u00edve Twitter)<\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0Telegramu<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

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USA vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed summit NATO k prosazen\u00ed jadern\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed v dom\u00e1c\u00ed politice. Ministerstvo obrany v ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":57618,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,4866,39,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57617"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57617"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57617\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/57618"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57617"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57617"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57617"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}