{"id":57354,"date":"2024-07-09T00:39:39","date_gmt":"2024-07-08T22:39:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=57354"},"modified":"2024-07-08T16:39:50","modified_gmt":"2024-07-08T14:39:50","slug":"zbynek-fiala-rozdelena-francie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/07\/09\/zbynek-fiala-rozdelena-francie\/","title":{"rendered":"Zbyn\u011bk Fiala: Rozd\u011blen\u00e1 Francie"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

V\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 levice v parlamentn\u00edch volb\u00e1ch je ne\u010dekan\u00e9, ale ne dost velk\u00e9 na to, aby bylo jasn\u00e9, kdo bude v zemi vl\u00e1dnout.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sny o absolutn\u00edm v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed krajn\u011b pravicov\u00e9ho N\u00e1rodn\u00edho sdru\u017een\u00ed Marine Le Penov\u00e9 (RN) se rozplynuly, z\u00a0druh\u00e9ho kola francouzsk\u00fdch parlamentn\u00edch voleb vze\u0161la jako nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sjednocen\u00e1 Nov\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 fronta veden\u00e1 krajn\u011b levicov\u00fdm Jean-Lucem M\u00e9lanchonem (NFP). P\u0159ed lepenovce se dostali i vl\u00e1dn\u00ed centrist\u00e9 s\u00a0koalic\u00ed Spole\u010dn\u011b (Ensemble<\/em>) kolem prezidenta Emmanuela Macrona. Av\u0161ak to, \u017ee se poda\u0159ilo zabr\u00e1nit opakov\u00e1n\u00ed jednozna\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00edho sdru\u017een\u00ed z\u00a0prvn\u00edho kola nebo z p\u0159edchoz\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch voleb, neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee Francie te\u010f v\u00ed, jak d\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

V\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fd blok levicov\u00e9 Nov\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 fronty, kter\u00fd z\u00edskal 182 poslanc\u016f, m\u00e1 jen mal\u00fd n\u00e1skok p\u0159ed centristickou koalic\u00ed se 168 hlasy. Je tu sice je\u0161t\u011b 13 dal\u0161\u00edch levicov\u00fdch poslanc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed postupovali ve volb\u00e1ch samostatn\u011b, ale centrist\u00e9 zase mohou po\u010d\u00edtat s\u00a0podporou \u010d\u00e1sti roz\u0161t\u011bpen\u00fdch Republik\u00e1n\u016f (45) a nejsp\u00ed\u0161 i mali\u010dk\u00fdch st\u0159edov\u00fdch stran (6). Lepenovsk\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed sdru\u017een\u00ed pos\u00edlen\u00e9 druhou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Republik\u00e1n\u016f skon\u010dilo a\u017e t\u0159et\u00ed se 143 poslanci a nepom\u016f\u017ee mu ani to, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee zalovit mezi 15 poslanci nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 pravice.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0druh\u00e9m kole francouzsk\u00fdch parlamentn\u00edch voleb usp\u011bla taktika vyta\u017een\u00e1 ze zapr\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch reg\u00e1l\u016f z\u00a0boj\u016f p\u0159ed 2. sv\u011btovou v\u00e1lkou, kdy soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokrat Leon Blum odrazil blokem sjednocen\u00e9 Lidov\u00e9 fronty hrozbu fa\u0161ismu. Tentokr\u00e1t funk\u010dn\u00ed blok proti lepenovsk\u00e9mu N\u00e1rodn\u00edmu sdru\u017een tvo\u0159ila levicov\u00e1 Nov\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 fronta spolu s\u00a0vl\u00e1dn\u00edmi centristy. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 byla dohoda pro volebn\u00ed obvody, kde do druh\u00e9ho kola postoupili t\u0159i kandid\u00e1ti a vedli pravicov\u00ed lepenovci. Tam trojka odstoupila, aby druh\u00e9 kolo prob\u011bhlo v\u00a0podob\u011b \u201ev\u0161ichni proti extr\u00e9mn\u00ed pravici\u201c.<\/p>\n

Teklo p\u0159itom hodn\u011b politick\u00e9 krve, proto\u017ee se svoj\u00ed \u0161anc\u00ed na zvolen\u00ed se muselo rozlou\u010dit v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 kandid\u00e1t\u016f. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed c\u00edl v\u0161ak byl spln\u011bn. Potvrdilo se, \u017ee t\u011bch, kdo necht\u011bj\u00ed lepenovce, je v\u00edc, ne\u017e t\u011bch, kdo je cht\u011bj\u00ed. Jen\u017ee te\u010f bude pot\u0159eba sestavit vl\u00e1du. Premi\u00e9r Attal u\u017e odstupuje. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed volebn\u00edch koalic nem\u00e1 pot\u0159ebnou v\u011bt\u0161inu. Jist\u00e9 je jen to, \u017ee jak v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e1 krajn\u00ed levice, tak pora\u017een\u00e1 krajn\u00ed pravice v\u00a0parlamentu pos\u00edlily a mus\u00ed se s\u00a0nimi po\u010d\u00edtat.<\/p>\n

Pokud tedy prezident Macron cht\u011bl t\u011bmito bleskov\u00fdmi parlamentn\u00edmi volbami pro\u010distit vzduch po drtiv\u00e9m v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed lepenovc\u016f v evropsk\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch a pos\u00edlit centristickou orientaci zem\u011b, pak se mu to opravdu nepovedlo. Sjednocen\u00e9 s\u00edly centra budou sice siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e levice, ale ta prok\u00e1zala, \u017ee je schopna p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat sv\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed rozpory. A kl\u00ed\u010dovou volebn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci centrist\u016f s\u00a0levic\u00ed tak\u00e9 nelze jen tak odhodit.<\/p>\n

O\u010dek\u00e1vat\u00a0 lze vznik levicovo-centristick\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, kter\u00e1 se obloukem vyhne neoliber\u00e1ln\u00edm iluz\u00edm hlavn\u00edho proudu a nesp\u00ed\u0161 prosad\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e1 vlajkov\u00e1 levicov\u00e1 t\u00e9mata. \u00a0P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdy, stejn\u011b jako obnova debat o nejnen\u00e1vid\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch prvc\u00edch dosavadn\u00edho Macronova programu jako je prodlou\u017een\u00ed d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho v\u011bku a oslaben\u00ed podpory v\u00a0nezam\u011bstnanosti. Poroste tak\u00e9 tlak proti imigra\u010dn\u00ed reform\u011b, kde se p\u0159ipoj\u00ed i lepenovci.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0p\u00e1tek vyhr\u00e1la levice v\u00a0Brit\u00e1nii, v\u00a0ned\u011bli ve Francii. Levice zat\u00edm vl\u00e1dne v\u00a0Portugalsku, \u0160v\u00e9dsku a \u0158ecku. Specifick\u00e1 je situace ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b po v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed levicov\u00e9ho SMERu Roberta Fica na Slovensku a st\u0159edolev\u00e9 koalice Donalda Tuska v\u00a0Polsku. Region je v\u00a0sousedstv\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, a tak je podstatn\u00fd jeho vztah k\u00a0v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 podpo\u0159e. Pol\u00e1ci jsou spolu s\u00a0\u010ceskem na \u010dele podpory Ukrajin\u011b, ale Slov\u00e1ci a Ma\u010fa\u0159i ji odm\u00edtaj\u00ed a p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 se i Rakousko.<\/p>\n

Nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed summit NATO ve Washingtonu mus\u00ed probrat tak\u00e9 o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd vstup Donalda Trumpa do\u00a0B\u00edl\u00e9ho domu, kter\u00fd pochybuje o smyslu t\u00e9to organizace. Pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me evidentn\u00ed politick\u00fd obrat, kter\u00fd je v okoln\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b je\u0161t\u011b intenz\u00edvn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00a0Evrop\u011b. Prudce sl\u00e1bne ochota zem\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edmat americk\u00fd dikt\u00e1t, i kdy\u017e my doma to tak nec\u00edt\u00edme.<\/p>\n

V\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed levice v\u00a0pil\u00ed\u0159\u00edch Z\u00e1padu sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o tom, \u017ee nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed slabinou neoliberalismu byl n\u00e1r\u016fst nerovnost\u00ed. Odbrzd\u011bn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed a korpor\u00e1tn\u00ed oligarchie ztratily kontrolu nad svou hrabivost\u00ed a mocichtivost\u00ed, co\u017e je stejn\u00e9, jako divok\u00e1 j\u00edzda z\u00a0kopce na kole bez \u0159\u00edd\u00edtek. V\u00a0\u00fastav\u00e1ch najdeme strhuj\u00edc\u00ed pas\u00e1\u017ee o mocensk\u00e9m vyva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a brzd\u00e1ch, ale nadvl\u00e1da velk\u00fdch pen\u011bz vyprazd\u0148uje demokracii na bezmocn\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 re\u00e1ln\u00e1 kontrola nefunguje, proto se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed ty ko\u0159istnick\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.<\/p>\n

Jak je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se p\u0159esto za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed prosazovat ob\u010dansk\u00e9 s\u00edly a podpora m\u00edru? Zd\u016frazn\u011bme jednu z\u00a0mnoha p\u0159evratn\u00fdch zm\u011bn, kter\u00e9 ukon\u010d\u00ed tuto dobu temna. Oslabil hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj manipulace s\u00a0ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed, velk\u00e1 komer\u010dn\u00ed a vl\u00e1dn\u00ed m\u00e9dia. Na internetu a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch vyrostly alternativy, kter\u00e9 obnovily mo\u017enosti re\u00e1ln\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bny n\u00e1zor\u016f o podstatn\u00fdch v\u011bcech. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 stromy nerostou do nebe.<\/p>\n

Zbyn\u011bk Fiala<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00davodn\u00ed fotografie:<\/strong> Bertrand Langlois\/ AFP\/Getty Images<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 levice v parlamentn\u00edch volb\u00e1ch je ne\u010dekan\u00e9, ale ne dost velk\u00e9 na to, aby…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":57355,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[130,1503,27],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57354"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57354"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57354\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/57355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57354"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57354"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57354"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}