{"id":57012,"date":"2024-07-04T00:38:12","date_gmt":"2024-07-03T22:38:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=57012"},"modified":"2024-07-03T14:39:00","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T12:39:00","slug":"odhaleny-tajne-dohody-o-cenach-skandalni-kastovni-system-farmaceuticke-lobby-v-eu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/07\/04\/odhaleny-tajne-dohody-o-cenach-skandalni-kastovni-system-farmaceuticke-lobby-v-eu\/","title":{"rendered":"Odhaleny tajn\u00e9 dohody o cen\u00e1ch: Skand\u00e1ln\u00ed kastovn\u00ed syst\u00e9m farmaceutick\u00e9 lobby v EU"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Jen velmi m\u00e1lo v\u00e1\u017en\u011b nemocn\u00fdch lid\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b tu\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee jejich mo\u017enosti l\u00e9\u010dby z\u00e1vis\u00ed tak\u00e9 na tajn\u00fdch dohod\u00e1ch o cen\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl uzav\u00edr\u00e1 se zdravotnick\u00fdmi \u00fa\u0159ady EU. Pokud jde o p\u0159\u00edstup k z\u00e1kladn\u00edm l\u00e9k\u016fm, existuje skute\u010dn\u00fd \u201ekastovn\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u201c skl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed se z prvn\u00ed, druh\u00e9 a t\u0159et\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy. Farmaceutick\u00ed giganti d\u011blaj\u00ed velkou v\u011bc. Pohled do z\u00e1kulis\u00ed odhaluje n\u011bco skand\u00e1ln\u00edho.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e9 novin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 dru\u017estvo\u00a0<\/span>Investigate Europe<\/span><\/em>\u00a0ned\u00e1vno zve\u0159ejnilo v\u00fdzkum o tajn\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed cen mezi farmaceutick\u00fdmi spole\u010dnostmi a zem\u011bmi EU a o tom, jak si navz\u00e1jem hraj\u00ed. Ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdsledky ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z n\u00e1s. Minim\u00e1ln\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo trp\u00ed v\u00e1\u017enou nemoc\u00ed jako je rakovina a je z\u00e1visl\u00fd na mo\u017enostech l\u00e9\u010dby.<\/span><\/p>\n

„To, kde \u017eije\u0161, by nem\u011blo ur\u010dovat, jestli \u017eije\u0161 nebo zem\u0159e\u0161“<\/span><\/h3>\n

V z\u00e1sad\u011b jde o to, \u017ee zdravotn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady zem\u00ed EU p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee u\u0161et\u0159\u00ed pen\u00edze v tajn\u00fdch dohod\u00e1ch s farmaceutick\u00fdm pr\u016fmyslem. Ve skute\u010dnosti vl\u00e1dy \u010dasto plat\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky pen\u011bz za z\u00e1kladn\u00ed l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 mohou zachr\u00e1nit \u017eivoty. N\u011bkdy k nim dokonce nemaj\u00ed v\u016fbec p\u0159\u00edstup, jako je Ma\u010farsko (kde chyb\u00ed 25 z 32 t\u011bchto drog), Malta, Kypr, pobaltsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty nebo Rumunsko.<\/span><\/p>\n

Komisa\u0159ka EU pro zdrav\u00ed Stella Kyriakides toto dilema jednou shrnula \u2013 zda \u200b\u200bv\u011bdom\u011b \u010di nev\u011bdom\u011b z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejasn\u00e9 \u2013: \u201eKde \u017eijete, by nem\u011blo ur\u010dovat, zda \u017eijete nebo zem\u0159ete.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Skand\u00e1ln\u00ed \u201ekastovn\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u201c ohledn\u011b p\u0159\u00edstupu k l\u00e9k\u016fm<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u201eNep\u0159\u00edstup\u201c k l\u00e9k\u016fm zase znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pacienti, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou na nich z\u00e1visl\u00ed, nad\u00e1le trp\u00ed nebo dokonce um\u00edraj\u00ed, proto\u017ee farmaceutick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nejprve uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed l\u00e9ky na trh v t\u011bch zem\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jsou pro n\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Clemens Auer, b\u00fdval\u00fd gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel rakousk\u00e9ho ministerstva zdravotnictv\u00ed, v tomto ohledu p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1:\u00a0\u201e\u00a0<\/span>Pokud jde o p\u0159\u00edstup k l\u00e9k\u016fm, m\u00e1me prvn\u00ed, druhou a t\u0159et\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddu evropsk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f \u2013 to je skand\u00e1l<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ze st\u00e1tu EU, kter\u00fd si p\u0159\u00e1l z\u016fstat v anonymit\u011b, tak\u00e9 dodal:\u00a0<\/span>\u201eTato jedn\u00e1n\u00ed jsou zcela tajn\u00e1. V\u0161e se d\u011bje v zape\u010det\u011bn\u00fdch ob\u00e1lk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bnou za podpisy m\u011bn\u00ed majitele.<\/span><\/strong> Ani to neevidujeme v na\u0161ich elektronick\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech. Proto\u017ee nechceme, aby k tomu m\u011bl p\u0159\u00edstup dodavatel, kter\u00fd spravuje na\u0161e syst\u00e9my.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

To m\u00e1 samoz\u0159ejm\u011b vliv na cenu. Nam\u00edsto \u201edobr\u00e9 a levn\u00e9\u201c je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b heslo \u201est\u00e1le dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed\u201c, i kdy\u017e v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se uzav\u00edraj\u00ed tajn\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a uzav\u0159en\u00e9 smlouvy, aby se omezily rostouc\u00ed n\u00e1klady na l\u00e9ky.<\/span><\/p>\n

J\u00f6rg Indermitte, vedouc\u00ed farmaceutick\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9ho feder\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed, p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed,\u00a0<\/span>\u017ee farmaceutick\u00e9 firmy po\u017eaduj\u00ed za sv\u00e9 l\u00e9ky ka\u017ed\u00fd rok v\u00edce pen\u011bz.<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0Nov\u00fd l\u00e9k na rakovinu stoj\u00ed kolem 50 000 frank\u016f (asi 52 000 eur). Proti cystick\u00e9 fibr\u00f3ze v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 000 eur a tedy v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dty\u0159icetin\u00e1sobek odhadovan\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f. Za l\u00e9k na l\u00e9\u010dbu spin\u00e1ln\u00ed svalov\u00e9 atrofie bylo \u00fa\u010dtov\u00e1no 2,3 milionu eur (!)! A neust\u00e1le rostou i ceny takzvan\u00fdch inovativn\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hrozn\u00e9 ceny z\u00e1kladn\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f<\/span><\/h3>\n

V\u00fdzkum\u00a0<\/span>Investigate Europe<\/span><\/em>\u00a0tak\u00e9 zjistil, \u017ee bohat\u00e9 zem\u011b EU \u010dasto plat\u00ed za n\u011bkter\u00e9 l\u00e9ky m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e (chud\u0161\u00ed) zem\u011b st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i srovn\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby cystick\u00e9 fibr\u00f3zy se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 cena bez DPH byla ve Francii 71 000 eur, v It\u00e1lii 81 000 eur, ve \u0160pan\u011blsku 87 000 eur a v Nizozemsku 88 000 eur. V \u010cesku ale kolem 140 000 eur a v Litv\u011b kolem 175 000 eur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navzdory nebo pr\u00e1v\u011b kv\u016fli t\u00e9to propasti v p\u0159\u00edstupu k inovativn\u00edm l\u00e9k\u016fm na tom farmaceutick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti vyd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed hodn\u011b pen\u011bz.\u00a0<\/span>Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno: doslova vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed syst\u00e9my. Umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vysok\u00e9 cen\u00edkov\u00e9 ceny, um\u011bl\u00e1 cena sama o sob\u011b.<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0To se tak\u00e9 potvrdilo, kdy\u017e byly ozn\u00e1meny ceny vakc\u00edny AstraZeneca Covid. Spole\u010dnost si za sv\u016fj produkt v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe \u00fa\u010dtovala dvakr\u00e1t v\u00edce ne\u017e v EU.<\/span><\/p>\n

Farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl v\u017edy v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n

O tom, zda a jak\u00e9 l\u00e9ky maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup na evropsk\u00fd trh, rozhoduje pouze Evropsk\u00e1 l\u00e9kov\u00e1 agentura (EMA). Teprve pot\u00e9 se farmaceutick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti rozhodnou, kde cht\u011bj\u00ed l\u00e9k uv\u00e9st na trh. K tomu v\u011bt\u0161inou sami vstupuj\u00ed do jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s jednotliv\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi.\u00a0<\/span>Odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed cen\u00edkov\u00e1 cena je stanovena p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm st\u00e1tem a n\u00e1sledn\u011b sjedn\u00e1na s farmaceutick\u00fdm pr\u016fmyslem o tajn\u00fdch slev\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Investigate Europe<\/span><\/em>\u00a0:\u00a0<\/span>\u201ePro farmaceutick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti to znamen\u00e1 miliardy v bez\u00faro\u010dn\u00fdch p\u016fj\u010dk\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/strong> Proto\u017ee st\u00e1ty zpo\u010d\u00e1tku plat\u00ed za l\u00e9ky vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed cenu. Postupem \u010dasu firm\u00e1m diskr\u00e9tn\u011b propl\u00e1c\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed cen\u00edkovou cenou a tajnou \u010d\u00e1stkou. Jen v Belgii st\u00e1t v roce 2023 p\u0159evedl firm\u00e1m 1,5 miliardy eur. \u010c\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed trhy, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed slevy. A \u010d\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed slevy, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed refundace pr\u016fmysl dost\u00e1v\u00e1.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Farmaceutick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl hroz\u00ed bojkotem l\u00e9k\u016f<\/span><\/h3>\n

Pr\u016fmysl v\u0161ak nem\u00e1 z\u00e1jem zve\u0159ej\u0148ovat p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>Evropsk\u00e1 federace farmaceutick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu a asociac\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><\/em>(Efpia),<\/span><\/em>\u00a0nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdrobc\u016f l\u00e9\u010div v Evrop\u011b, a tedy n\u00e1rodn\u00ed asociace v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch farmaceutick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed a jednotliv\u00fdch farmaceutick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, odm\u00edt\u00e1 d\u016fv\u011brn\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed praktiky komentovat. a tajn\u00e9 cenov\u00e9 dohody. Sp\u00ed\u0161e se \u0161iroce prohla\u0161uje, \u017ee panuje \u0161irok\u00e1 shoda v tom, \u017ee ceny by m\u011bly odr\u00e1\u017eet schopnost zem\u011b platit za l\u00e9ky. Byl by tedy mysliteln\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ve kter\u00e9m by zem\u011b EU, kter\u00e9 mohou platit m\u00e9n\u011b za l\u00e9ky, tak\u00e9 m\u00e9n\u011b platily.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010clov\u011bk je v poku\u0161en\u00ed \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee kdo tomu uv\u011b\u0159\u00ed, bude spasen.<\/span><\/p>\n

Efpia\u00a0<\/span>m\u00e1<\/span><\/em>\u00a0s\u00edlu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad k ohro\u017een\u00ed moci v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee nebude zachov\u00e1n \u201estatus quo tajemstv\u00ed\u201c, p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 trhy by byly jednodu\u0161e bojkotov\u00e1ny. To potvrzuje i Francis Arickx, \u0161\u00e9f belgick\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho zdravotn\u00edho institutu: \u201eVedl jsem stovky t\u011bchto jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Sly\u0161\u00edme hrozbu, \u017ee spole\u010dnost nebude u jednac\u00edho stolu po\u0159\u00e1d a v\u0161ude.\u201c Luca Li Bassi, b\u00fdval\u00fd \u0161\u00e9f Italsk\u00e9 l\u00e9kov\u00e9 agentury, tak\u00e9 v\u00ed:\u00a0<\/span>\u201eFarmaceutick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti mohou ‚vyd\u00edrat‘ vl\u00e1dy. Pokud bude po\u017eadov\u00e1na transparentnost, farmaceutick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti hroz\u00ed<\/span><\/strong>
\n,<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u017ee\u00a0nebudou dod\u00e1vat l\u00e9k.“<\/strong>\u00a0Bundestag v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b projedn\u00e1v\u00e1 nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon pro l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd v\u00fdzkum. To by znamenalo, \u017ee \u00fapravy cen, kter\u00e9 mohou n\u011bmeck\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady prov\u00e9st po jednom roce, by z\u016fstaly utajeny. Vysok\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed cen\u00edkov\u00e9 ceny by pak byly v\u0161echny ve\u0159ejnosti zn\u00e1m\u00e9.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u017divot, utrpen\u00ed a\/nebo smrt v\u00e1\u017en\u011b nemocn\u00fdch lid\u00ed tedy pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nad\u00e1le z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tajn\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch mezi chamtiv\u00fdmi farmaceutick\u00fdmi spole\u010dnostmi a evropsk\u00fdmi zdravotnick\u00fdmi \u00fa\u0159ady, kter\u00fdm hroz\u00ed bojkot. To je skand\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se st\u00e1le dr\u017e\u00ed pod pokli\u010dkou!<\/span><\/p>\n

Autor Guido Grandt (\u00a0vydavatelstv\u00ed gugramedia<\/a>\u00a0)<\/em><\/p>\n

Prameny:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n