{"id":55316,"date":"2024-06-07T00:38:14","date_gmt":"2024-06-06T22:38:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=55316"},"modified":"2024-06-06T09:09:33","modified_gmt":"2024-06-06T07:09:33","slug":"od-hirosimy-po-fukusimu-nejnenavidenejsi-komodita-na-svete-se-chysta-explodovat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/06\/07\/od-hirosimy-po-fukusimu-nejnenavidenejsi-komodita-na-svete-se-chysta-explodovat\/","title":{"rendered":"Od Hiro\u0161imy po Fuku\u0161imu: nejnen\u00e1vid\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed komodita na sv\u011bt\u011b se chyst\u00e1 explodovat"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content\" data-id=\"1fb4c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>V tuto chv\u00edli m\u011b nenapad\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 komodita s v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostmi a men\u0161\u00edmi riziky ne\u017e uran.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, jadern\u00e1 energie nab\u00edz\u00ed sv\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm nesm\u00edrnou hodnotu, uran neexistuje n\u00e1hrada a dod\u00e1vky jsou nejist\u00e9, zat\u00edmco popt\u00e1vka roste. Krom\u011b toho jadern\u00e1 energie neprodukuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 emise oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho, \u010d\u00edm\u017e unik\u00e1 potenci\u00e1ln\u00edmu ESG protiv\u011btru.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>To je podstata uranu. Situaci lze zm\u011bnit pouze dv\u011bma zp\u016fsoby.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span>Ceny uranu nerostou. T\u011b\u017ea\u0159i nemaj\u00ed motivaci vyr\u00e1b\u011bt. Pokud jadern\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m dojde uran, zhasnou sv\u011btla pro miliardy lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Ceny uranu rostou, co\u017e poskytuje pob\u00eddku k produkci dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed, aby uspokojila popt\u00e1vku.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Co je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Pravdou je, \u017ee cena uranu by nejen mohla stoupnout natolik, \u017ee by stimulovala v\u00fdrobu, ale mohla by tak\u00e9 p\u0159est\u0159elit daleko \u2013 jako tomu bylo v p\u0159edchoz\u00edch cyklech \u2013 proto\u017ee bude trvat roky, ne\u017e produkce dok\u00e1\u017ee dr\u017eet krok se zv\u00fd\u0161enou popt\u00e1vkou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Kl\u00ed\u010dem k \u00fasp\u011bchu je um\u00edstit se v nejlep\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1sob\u00e1ch uranu, ne\u017e k tomu dojde.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Trh s uranem<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Mnoho lid\u00ed nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed v jadernou energii, kter\u00e1 je \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1na za politicky nekorektn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 sly\u0161\u00ed \u201euran\u201c a mysl\u00ed si \u201erakovina\u201c. Mnoz\u00ed se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed emocion\u00e1ln\u00edmi, proto\u017ee je spojen s Hiro\u0161imou, Nagasaki, \u010cernobylem, Three Mile Island a Fuku\u0161imou. V d\u016fsledku toho je uran nejnen\u00e1vid\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed surovinou na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Proto jsem tak nad\u0161en\u00fd. Krize a extr\u00e9mn\u00ed n\u00e1lady m\u011b ned\u011bs\u00ed. Vzbuzujete m\u016fj z\u00e1jem. Chcete-li b\u00fdt \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm spekulantem, mus\u00edte ve sv\u016fj prosp\u011bch vyu\u017e\u00edt masov\u00e9 psychologick\u00e9 aberace.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Zkombinujte tento iracion\u00e1ln\u00ed sentiment s p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00fdmi z\u00e1klady trhu s uranem a m\u00e1te p\u0159edpoklady pro vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed kontrari\u00e1nskou spekulaci.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Popt\u00e1vka<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V\u011bt\u0161ina popt\u00e1vky po uranu poch\u00e1z\u00ed z jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren, co\u017e je neodd\u011bliteln\u011b spjato s cenami uranu a tr\u017en\u00edmi cykly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Jadern\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna vyr\u00e1b\u00ed energii \u0161t\u011bpen\u00edm atom\u016f uranu. Uvoln\u011bn\u00e1 energie va\u0159\u00ed vodu a produkuje p\u00e1ru, kter\u00e1 poh\u00e1n\u00ed turb\u00ednov\u00e9 gener\u00e1tory. Tyto elektr\u00e1rny vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed palivo vyroben\u00e9 z uranov\u00e9 rudy. Nejprve horn\u00edci t\u011b\u017e\u00ed rudu ze zem\u011b. Pot\u00e9 se obohacuje a zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 na palivov\u00e9 pelety.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Podle Americk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 asociace m\u00e1 jedna peleta jadern\u00e9ho paliva (velikost mal\u00e9ho gumov\u00e9ho medv\u00eddka) stejnou energetickou hustotu jako 3 barely ropy, 2 000 liber uhl\u00ed nebo 17 000 kubick\u00fdch stop zemn\u00edho plynu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Jadern\u00e1 energie vyr\u00e1b\u00ed asi 10 % sv\u011btov\u00e9 elekt\u0159iny (20 % v USA).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pouze uran a uhlovod\u00edky (uhl\u00ed, ropa a plyn) jsou schopny produkovat spolehlivou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e pro modern\u00ed civilizaci. Jadern\u00e1 energie (uran) je\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>nej\u010dist\u0161\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span><em><span>nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0varianta \u2013 na rozd\u00edl od toho, co mnoz\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pod\u00edv\u00e1me-li se na \u00famrt\u00ed na terawatthodinu (TWh) \u2013 pr\u016fm\u011brnou ro\u010dn\u00ed spot\u0159ebu elekt\u0159iny 150 000 ob\u010dan\u016f EU \u2013 p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b energie mezi velkoobjemov\u00fdmi zdroji energie je jadern\u00e1 energie zdaleka\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/internationalman.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/202405-deaths-per-twh-600x373.png?resize=600%2C373&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><span>Jadern\u00e1 energie je\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>nej\u010dist\u0161\u00edm<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0zdrojem energie, proto\u017ee neprodukuje uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 emise a neuvol\u0148uje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek. Jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny produkuj\u00ed mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed radioaktivn\u00edho odpadu, se kter\u00fdm lze bezpe\u010dn\u011b nakl\u00e1dat a likvidovat pomoc\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00fdch technologi\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/internationalman.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Nuclear-waste1-600x338.jpeg?resize=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><span>Je\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, proto\u017ee uran tvo\u0159\u00ed jen malou \u010d\u00e1st provozn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f typick\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny \u2013 mo\u017en\u00e1 2 %. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, v\u011bt\u0161ina jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren m\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1klady ne\u017e n\u00e1klady na uran. Cena uranu by se mohla zdvojn\u00e1sobit, ztrojn\u00e1sobit nebo dokonce zdvojn\u00e1sobit, ani\u017e by to m\u011blo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed dopad na celkov\u00e9 provozn\u00ed n\u00e1klady elektr\u00e1rny.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, cena uranu m\u016f\u017ee r\u016fst, ani\u017e by to skute\u010dn\u011b ovlivnilo popt\u00e1vku, co\u017e je neobvykle p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e1 situace. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny n\u011b\u010deho obvykle vedou k ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed popt\u00e1vce, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed faktory jsou stejn\u00e9, ale ne u uranu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Podle Sv\u011btov\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 asociace vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jadernou energii 33 zem\u00ed se 440 funk\u010dn\u00edmi reaktory. \u0160edes\u00e1t reaktor\u016f je ve v\u00fdstavb\u011b, dal\u0161\u00edch 92 je pl\u00e1nov\u00e1no a dal\u0161\u00edch 343 je pl\u00e1nov\u00e1no.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/internationalman.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/202405-operable-reactors-600x373.png?resize=600%2C373&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><span>Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok vy\u017eaduj\u00ed aktivn\u00ed jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny na sv\u011bt\u011b k provozu asi 175 milion\u016f liber uranu. Tato popt\u00e1vka je nepru\u017en\u00e1, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee elektr\u00e1rny mus\u00ed tento uran z\u00edskat, jinak sv\u011btla zhasnou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>K t\u00e9to nepru\u017en\u00e9 popt\u00e1vce se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 nejist\u00e1 situace s nab\u00eddkou, proto\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina v\u00fdroby se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 v nestabiln\u00edch regionech, jako je Afrika a St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Nav\u00edc obvykle trv\u00e1 deset let, ne\u017e se nov\u00fd d\u016fl dostane online, v\u010detn\u011b cel\u00e9ho procesu od povolen\u00ed a\u017e po v\u00fdrobu. Pokud jde o st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed doly, jakmile je producenti odstav\u00ed, je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 je znovu spustit \u2013 \u010dasto proto, \u017ee cena uranu klesla pod v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady. Uranov\u00e9 doly nelze jednodu\u0161e zapnout a vypnout.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, pro v\u00fdrobce je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161it produkci, proto\u017ee popt\u00e1vka po uranu roste. \u010casto trv\u00e1 roky, ne\u017e to do\u017eenou. V d\u016fsledku toho se trh m\u016f\u017ee regulovat pouze prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ceny. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt cena uranu mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Trh s uranem se v\u0161ak v t\u011bchto f\u00e1z\u00edch \u010dasto jen tak neuklidn\u00ed. Cena uranu \u010dasto raketov\u011b vylet\u00ed nad r\u00e1mec toho, co je pot\u0159eba, aby byl trh uveden do rovnov\u00e1hy, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznikne masivn\u00ed b\u00fd\u010d\u00ed trh, kter\u00fd se zm\u011bn\u00ed v masivn\u00ed medv\u011bd\u00ed trh. Tento cyklus se stal ji\u017e t\u0159ikr\u00e1t a mysl\u00edm, \u017ee se bude brzy opakovat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Japonsko<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Po Fuku\u0161im\u011b Japonsko odstavilo v\u0161ech 52 sv\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch reaktor\u016f. Od t\u00e9 doby bylo odstaveno 19 reaktor\u016f a zb\u00fdv\u00e1 reaktivovat 33 reaktor\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Japonsko odstavilo sv\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny navzdory vl\u00e1dn\u00edmu po\u017eadavku, aby zem\u011b hromadila energii alespo\u0148 na p\u011bt let. Tato politika sah\u00e1 a\u017e do po\u010d\u00e1tku 70. let 20. stolet\u00ed, kdy velk\u00e1 region\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00e1lka na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b p\u0159eru\u0161ila dod\u00e1vky energie a ot\u0159\u00e1sla Japonskem, kter\u00e9 nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 zdroje. Uran je pro Japonsko jedin\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak splnit podm\u00ednky t\u00e9to politiky. Pro Tokio je nepraktick\u00e9 budovat p\u011bt let uhl\u00ed, ropy nebo plynu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Japonsko ud\u011blalo v\u00fdjimku z t\u00e9to politiky kv\u016fli Fuku\u0161im\u011b. Bez energetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti se v\u0161ak zem\u011b ocit\u00e1 ve zraniteln\u00e9 pozici v\u016f\u010di sv\u00e9mu historick\u00e9mu rivalovi \u010c\u00edn\u011b. To plat\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee geopolitick\u00e9 nepokoje na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b nebo ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b op\u011bt naru\u0161\u00ed dod\u00e1vky ropy a plynu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Bylo by ironi\u00ed, kdyby Japonsko utrp\u011blo dal\u0161\u00ed ropn\u00fd \u0161ok a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pozastavilo samotnou politiku, kter\u00e1 ho p\u0159ed n\u00edm m\u011bla chr\u00e1nit. To by m\u011blo b\u00fdt pob\u00eddkou pro Japonsko, aby neodkl\u00e1dalo restart sv\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch reaktor\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Japonsko ji\u017e dos\u00e1hlo ur\u010dit\u00e9ho pokroku. Dosud uvedl 11 z 33 reaktor\u016f zp\u011bt do provozu. Krom\u011b toho je 14 provozn\u00edch reaktor\u016f v r\u016fzn\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch schvalov\u00e1n\u00ed restartu. Restartov\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u0159azen\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je v\u0161ak zdlouhav\u00fd a komplikovan\u00fd proces.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Japonsk\u00e9 restarty jsou sice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm faktorem, ale nejsou jedin\u00fdm faktorem ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm rovnov\u00e1hu trhu. I kdy\u017e se japonsk\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka po uranu nikdy nevr\u00e1t\u00ed, nov\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny v \u010c\u00edn\u011b by mohly vytvo\u0159it obrovskou novou popt\u00e1vku, kter\u00e1 tuto popt\u00e1vku v\u00edce ne\u017e vyrovn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Nov\u00e9 reaktory, v\u00fdvoj popt\u00e1vky a \u010c\u00edna<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Popt\u00e1vka po uranu dramaticky vzroste.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V sou\u010dasnosti je po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b v provozu 440 jadern\u00fdch reaktor\u016f. Dal\u0161\u00edch 60 reaktor\u016f je ve v\u00fdstavb\u011b, pl\u00e1nuje se 92 a dal\u0161\u00edch 343.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Jin\u00fdmi slovy: po\u010det provozovan\u00fdch reaktor\u016f by se mohl v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch letech v\u00edce ne\u017e zdvojn\u00e1sobit.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/internationalman.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/202405-future-reactors-600x369.png?resize=600%2C369&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><span>Lv\u00ed pod\u00edl na budouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vce bude poch\u00e1zet z \u010c\u00edny, kter\u00e1 by mohla snadno kompenzovat v\u0161e, co se d\u011bje v Japonsku.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pro p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed, Japonsko m\u011blo 52 jadern\u00fdch reaktor\u016f, ne\u017e je v\u0161echny po Fuku\u0161im\u011b uzav\u0159elo. Naproti tomu \u010c\u00edna m\u00e1 v sou\u010dasnosti ve v\u00fdstavb\u011b 26 reaktor\u016f, dal\u0161\u00edch 41 ve f\u00e1zi pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch 158 ve f\u00e1zi aplikace. Peking pl\u00e1nuje do roku 2037 dokon\u010dit nejm\u00e9n\u011b 150 nov\u00fdch reaktor\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee \u010c\u00edna, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuje asi 20 % celosv\u011btov\u00e9 popt\u00e1vky po uranu, do roku 2030 nebo d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159edb\u011bhne Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty (27 % popt\u00e1vky) jako nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fd spot\u0159ebitel uranu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u010c\u00edna pot\u0159ebuje jadernou energii, aby podpo\u0159ila svou rostouc\u00ed ekonomiku a sn\u00ed\u017eila obrovsk\u00fd probl\u00e9m zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Dnes je uhl\u00ed st\u00e1le hlavn\u00edm zdrojem energie v \u010c\u00edn\u011b, ale jeho cena je vysok\u00e1. Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech p\u0159edstavuje v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed riziko.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>To je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd d\u016fvod, pro\u010d \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da agresivn\u011b usiluje o jadernou energii. \u010c\u00edna m\u00e1 zkr\u00e1tka nejambici\u00f3zn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed program v\u00fdstavby nov\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch reaktor\u016f na sv\u011bt\u011b a katastrofa ve Fuku\u0161im\u011b ji ani v nejmen\u0161\u00edm neodradila.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed konsensem a pe\u010dliv\u011b a dlouhodob\u011b pl\u00e1nuje. Tak\u017ee pokud u\u010din\u00ed strategick\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed, aby se jadern\u00e1 energie stala d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jej\u00ed energetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti, nepochybuji, \u017ee to dodr\u017e\u00ed. Maj\u00ed politickou v\u016fli to dot\u00e1hnout do konce a maj\u00ed k tomu finan\u010dn\u00ed, technologick\u00e9 a fyzick\u00e9 zdroje.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>P\u00e9\u010de<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Uran je p\u0159irozen\u011b se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed prvek v zemsk\u00e9 k\u016f\u0159e. A\u010dkoli se vyskytuje ve stopov\u00fdch mno\u017estv\u00edch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ude, v\u011bt\u0161ina produkce uranu se vyskytuje jen v n\u011bkolika zem\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Uranov\u00e9 doly dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok kolem 128 milion\u016f liber, co\u017e je asi 73 % celosv\u011btov\u00e9 popt\u00e1vky. Zbytek pokryje \u010depovac\u00ed invent\u00e1\u0159.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Rusko a jeho spojenci \u2013 jako jsou b\u00fdval\u00e9 sov\u011btsk\u00e9 republiky Kazachst\u00e1n a Uzbekist\u00e1n \u2013 produkuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu sv\u011btov\u00e9ho uranu. Jin\u00e9 velk\u00e9 producenty, jako je Niger, su\u017euje nestabilita.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Kazachst\u00e1n vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu, ne-li v\u0161echnu svou produkci p\u0159es Rusko.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Namibie m\u00e1 dva aktivn\u00ed doly. \u010c\u00edna m\u00e1 v obou v\u011bt\u0161inov\u00fd pod\u00edl.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Vezm\u011bte si nap\u0159\u00edklad USA. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jsou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm spot\u0159ebitelem uranu a pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 27 % celosv\u011btov\u00e9 popt\u00e1vky. Asi 20 % elekt\u0159iny ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed pomoc\u00ed jadern\u00e9 energie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>P\u0159es ve\u0161kerou nevra\u017eivost Rusko st\u00e1le z\u00e1sobuje Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 25 % sv\u00fdch pot\u0159eb obohacen\u00e9ho uranu, proto\u017ee neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jin\u00e9 praktick\u00e9 alternativy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>P\u0159esto cht\u011bj\u00ed n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed ameri\u010dt\u00ed politici dovoz rusk\u00e9ho uranu zak\u00e1zat. Jak by v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u011bly USA nahradit 25 % sv\u00fdch pot\u0159eb uranu? V tomto m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd jin\u00fd zjevn\u00fd dodavatel, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee USA nebudou m\u00edt jinou mo\u017enost, ne\u017e zv\u00fd\u0161it cenu z jin\u00fdch zdroj\u016f na velmi napjat\u00e9m trhu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Putin nav\u00edc nemus\u00ed \u010dekat, a\u017e USA zak\u00e1\u017eou rusk\u00fd uran a rozhodnou se zak\u00e1zat v\u00fdvoz do USA, ne\u017e zas\u00e1hne Kongres.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>To v\u0161e vede k nejist\u00e9 nab\u00eddkov\u00e9 situaci tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 rostouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vce.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/internationalman.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/20230920-Uranium-Supply-600x373.png?resize=600%2C373&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><span>Obvykle trv\u00e1 deset let, ne\u017e se nov\u00fd d\u016fl dostane online, v\u010detn\u011b cel\u00e9ho procesu od povolen\u00ed a\u017e po v\u00fdrobu. Proto\u017ee cena uranu po Fuku\u0161im\u011b klesla pod v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, nedo\u0161lo ji\u017e mnoho let k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9mu hnut\u00ed na stavbu nov\u00e9ho dolu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pokud jde o st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed doly, jakmile je producenti zav\u0159ou, je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 je znovu spustit \u2013 \u010dasto proto, \u017ee cena uranu klesla pod v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady. Uranov\u00e9 doly nelze jednodu\u0161e zapnout a vypnout. V letech po Fuku\u0161im\u011b v\u00fdrobci uzav\u0159eli n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch uranov\u00fdch dol\u016f na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, nab\u00eddka t\u011b\u017eby se z t\u011bchto d\u016fvod\u016f pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b rychle nezv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Celosv\u011btov\u00e9 z\u00e1soby uranu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Doly ro\u010dn\u011b vyprodukuj\u00ed asi 128 milion\u016f liber uranu, zat\u00edmco sv\u011bt spot\u0159ebuje asi 175 milion\u016f liber. Rozd\u00edl \u2013 asi 47 milion\u016f liber \u2013 pokryj\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dod\u00e1vky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Z\u00edskat p\u0159esn\u00e9 \u00fadaje o glob\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1sob\u00e1ch uranu je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9, proto\u017ee vl\u00e1dy a spole\u010dnosti tyto informace uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed v tajnosti. Z d\u016fvod\u016f energetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti v\u0161ak nedovol\u00ed, aby z\u00e1soby klesly p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzko.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Analytici odhaduj\u00ed, \u017ee celosv\u011btov\u00e9 z\u00e1soby uranu vysta\u010d\u00ed na 2-3 roky. Je v\u0161ak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee jde pouze o odhad \u2013 nikdo nev\u00ed, kolik uranu je ve sv\u011btov\u00fdch z\u00e1sob\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V\u00edme, \u017ee energetick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti preferuj\u00ed m\u00edt uran po ruce po dobu nejm\u00e9n\u011b 2,5 roku. Pokud jsou tedy odhady z\u00e1sob spr\u00e1vn\u00e9, energetick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (a vl\u00e1dy) mohou m\u00edt brzy pot\u00ed\u017ee se zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm dod\u00e1vek v napjat\u00e9 situaci.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Kdy\u017e se pod\u00edv\u00e1m na celkov\u00fd obraz uranu, vid\u00edm nejistou z\u00e1sobovac\u00ed situaci s rostouc\u00ed (nepru\u017enou) popt\u00e1vkou z nov\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee je p\u0159ipravena f\u00e1ze pro to, aby ceny uranu p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bly vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, jak jsme vid\u011bli v p\u0159edchoz\u00edch cyklech b\u00fd\u010d\u00edho trhu s podobnou dynamikou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Kl\u00ed\u010dem je, abyste se nyn\u00ed um\u00edstili v uranov\u00fdch spole\u010dnostech se sv\u011btov\u00fdmi zdroji ve stabiln\u00edch zem\u00edch p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch k t\u011b\u017eb\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>Od Nicka Giambruna<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c57238 quelle dc-has-condition dc-condition-empty elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8c57238\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/internationalman.com\/articles\/from-hiroshima-to-fukushima-the-worlds-most-hated-commodity-is-set-for-an-explosion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">ZDROJ<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V tuto chv\u00edli m\u011b nenapad\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 komodita s v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostmi a men\u0161\u00edmi riziky ne\u017e uran&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":55317,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,183,276,1680],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55316"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55316"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55316\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55317"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55316"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55316"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55316"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}