{"id":53242,"date":"2024-05-08T00:40:44","date_gmt":"2024-05-07T22:40:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=53242"},"modified":"2024-05-07T20:31:09","modified_gmt":"2024-05-07T18:31:09","slug":"zdenek-jemelik-soudci-proti-ministrovi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/05\/08\/zdenek-jemelik-soudci-proti-ministrovi\/","title":{"rendered":"Zden\u011bk Jemel\u00edk: Soudci proti ministrovi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Kdy\u017e jsem si na \u010cesk\u00e9 justici dne 3. kv\u011btna 2024 p\u0159e\u010detl \u010dl\u00e1nek Petra Dimuna \u201eNebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a destabilizuj\u00edc\u00ed\u201c. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud odm\u00edtl ministerskou novelu trestn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f, ve vzpom\u00ednk\u00e1ch se mi vybavily p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b deset let star\u00e9 \u0161arv\u00e1tky kolem n\u00e1vrhu nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o st\u00e1tn\u00edm zastupitelstv\u00ed. Tehdy jeho p\u0159\u00edpravy prov\u00e1zely rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 diskuse, do nich\u017e hlasit\u011b zasahovala i laick\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se ve st\u0159etu s veden\u00edm st\u00e1tn\u00edho zastupitelstv\u00ed jako nositelem reformn\u00edch z\u00e1m\u011br\u016f neda\u0159ilo ministryni Helen\u011b V\u00e1lkov\u00e9, ot\u0159\u00e1slo to jej\u00edm postaven\u00edm. Pr\u00fd to byl d\u016fvod, pro\u010d byla p\u0159inucena k odstoupen\u00ed. Nejsem si jist, zda nehr\u00e1ly roli je\u0161t\u011b i jin\u00e9 d\u016fvody, ale subjektivn\u011b jsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den aspo\u0148 o \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9m vlivu.<\/p>\n

Dnes \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 bou\u0159liv\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 debaty kolem novel trestn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f neprob\u00edhaj\u00ed. V\u011brchu\u0161ka soud\u00ed, \u017ee s laickou ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed nen\u00ed t\u0159eba se bavit. Shodou okolnost\u00ed je podruh\u00e9 ministrem spravedlnosti Pavel Bla\u017eek, kter\u00fd se kdysi sna\u017eil prosadit reformu st\u00e1tn\u00edho zastupitelstv\u00ed, ale nakonec n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona st\u00e1hl ze Sn\u011bmovny jako nepr\u016fchodn\u00fd. Stav\u00ed-li se elita \u010desk\u00fdch trestn\u00edch soudc\u016f z\u00e1sadn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem proti ministersk\u00e9mu n\u00e1vrhu novel trestn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f, je to nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fd \u00fatok na ministra, kter\u00fd zast\u0159e\u0161uje pr\u00e1ci jejich autor\u016f. Nebylo by nic divn\u00e9ho, kdyby jej kv\u016fli tomu n\u011bkdo vyzval k resignaci, kdy\u017e poslanec Jakub Mich\u00e1lek jej vyz\u00fdval k resignaci kv\u016fli malichernostem. Na rozd\u00edl od Heleny V\u00e1lkov\u00e9 m\u00e1 ale Pavel Bla\u017eek v z\u00e1dech Petra Fialu, kter\u00fd ho ur\u010dit\u011b podr\u017e\u00ed. Ze strany opozice mu asi nic nehroz\u00ed, proto\u017ee zdrav\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed st\u00e1tu je pro ni m\u00e1lo v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 a nedosti vzne\u0161en\u00e9, aby ji vzru\u0161il spor mezi ministerstvem a soudci o nov\u00e9 trestn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b k v\u00fdhrad\u00e1m Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu \u010cR by pan ministr a minister\u0161t\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci nem\u011bli p\u0159istupovat p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eiv\u011b jako k projev\u016fm nespokojenosti laick\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti. Nevypo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9 n\u00e1mitky soudc\u016f by ur\u010dit\u011b p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eely hladk\u00e9mu pr\u016fb\u011bhu projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed novel v Parlamentu. Je proto na ministrovi, aby vyvolal ve\u0159ejnou debatu a hledal kompromis, pokud se mu nepoda\u0159\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit soudce o ministersk\u00e9 pravd\u011b.<\/p>\n

Jako laik, kter\u00fd se pohybuje v prost\u0159ed\u00ed trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a ve v\u011bze\u0148stv\u00ed bezm\u00e1la t\u0159icet let, jsem si v \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u0161iml n\u011bkter\u00fdch t\u0159ec\u00edch ploch mezi soudci a ministerstvem. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm shodn\u011b s ministerstvem pova\u017euji za ostudu pro st\u00e1t nep\u0159ijateln\u011b vysok\u00fd pod\u00edl v\u011bz\u0148\u016f na \u010desk\u00e9 populaci. St\u00e1t zat\u011b\u017euje i finan\u010dn\u011b. S trochou p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed lze tvrdit, \u017ee nejsme tolik n\u00e1rod muzikant\u016f, jako n\u00e1rod krimin\u00e1ln\u00edk\u016f. Nejde jen o po\u010det, ale i o n\u00e1rodnostn\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed v\u011bze\u0148sk\u00e9 populace, v kter\u00e9 je velmi m\u00e1lo cizinc\u016f, co\u017e je \u010desk\u00e9 specifikum:na ostudu si jako n\u00e1rod vysta\u010d\u00edme sami. Snaha autor\u016f novel legislativn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bt ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed po\u010dtu v\u011bzn\u011bn\u00fdch osob a ke zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 d\u00e9lky trest\u016f je nesporn\u011b chv\u00e1lyhodn\u00e1. Snaha soudc\u016f jakkoli zleh\u010dovat z\u00e1va\u017enost st\u00e1le se zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edho pod\u00edlu v\u011bz\u0148\u016f na populaci na mne p\u016fsob\u00ed dojmem odtr\u017eenosti od b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b by nebylo vhodn\u00e9 podce\u0148ovat jejich kritiku n\u011bkter\u00fdch zm\u011bn, je\u017e chce ministerstvo zav\u00e9st.<\/p>\n

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Laick\u00fd pohled na obsah novel m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v n\u011bkter\u00fdch bodech odli\u0161n\u00fd jak od n\u00e1zor\u016f ministersk\u00fdch legislativc\u016f, tak od pochybnost\u00ed soudc\u016f. Mezi lidem obecn\u00fdm jsou \u010dast\u00e9 pochybnosti o \u00fa\u010delnosti ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed nepodm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch trest\u016f, kdy\u017e odsouzen\u00ed pr\u00fd se ve v\u011bzen\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou nepolep\u0161\u00ed, ale naopak se p\u0159iu\u010d\u00ed \u0161patnostem, je\u017e d\u0159\u00edve neznali. Vedle toho se poukazuje na \u0161irok\u00e9 vedlej\u0161\u00ed neblah\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky v\u011bzn\u011bn\u00ed a tak\u00e9 na dopady do \u017eivota nevinn\u00fdch bl\u00edzk\u00fdch odsouzen\u00fdch. P\u0159eru\u0161uj\u00ed se ekonomick\u00e9 aktivity odsouzen\u00fdch, rodiny p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed o \u017eivitele, trhaj\u00ed se mezilidsk\u00e9 vztahy, sni\u017euje se dobytnost pohled\u00e1vek v\u011b\u0159itel\u016f za v\u011bzni. St\u00e1tu nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e n\u00e9st vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady, spojen\u00e9 s v\u011bzn\u011bn\u00edm. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nen\u00e1siln\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch trest\u016f a d\u016fsledn\u00e9 vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1hrady \u0161kod by proto m\u011blo m\u00edt p\u0159ednost p\u0159ed omezov\u00e1n\u00edm osobn\u00ed svobody. Trest finan\u010dn\u00edmi sankcemi, je\u017e pachatele donut\u00ed k tvrd\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci a \u017eivotu v chudob\u011b a\u017e do nahrazen\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch \u0161kod, mi p\u0159ipad\u00e1 u\u017eite\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e nicned\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed ve v\u011bznic\u00edch, hum\u00e1nn\u011b vybaven\u00fdch pro provozov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdch volno\u010dasov\u00fdch aktivit v\u011bz\u0148\u016f. Ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch trest\u016f m\u00e1 ov\u0161em smysl pouze u t\u011bch odsouzen\u00fdch, u nich\u017e lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat splacen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dinn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem k zmen\u0161en\u00ed v\u011bze\u0148sk\u00e9 populace by bylo p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed n\u00e1vrat\u016f propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch odsouzen\u00fdch do v\u011bznic. Vysok\u00e1 recidiva je probl\u00e9m, o n\u011bm\u017e se v\u00ed, hodn\u011b se o n\u011bm mluv\u00ed, ale k jeho potla\u010den\u00ed se ned\u011bl\u00e1 prakticky nic. Naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina odsouzen\u00fdch se prost\u011b ocitne p\u0159ed branou v\u011bznice s p\u00e1r korunami v kapse a s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my a je pouze na nich, jak se s n\u00e1vratem na svobodu vypo\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed. Jsou dokonce mezi nimi i tac\u00ed, pro kter\u00e9 je \u017eivot ve v\u011bze\u0148sk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e na svobod\u011b. M\u011blo by je proto odstra\u0161ovat v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed trestn\u00edch sazeb za opakovanou trestnou \u010dinnost. Ale zejm\u00e9na by se m\u011bl st\u00e1t postarat, aby ka\u017ed\u00fd propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd odsouzen\u00fd m\u011bl prov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro veden\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho \u017eivota hned od n\u00e1vratu na svobodu (pr\u00e1ci, st\u0159echu nad hlavou) a aby nad n\u00edm byl \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd dohled, podstatn\u011b d\u016frazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a v\u011bcn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dohled Proba\u010dn\u00ed a media\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eby sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b, kter\u00e1 se ostatn\u011b zaj\u00edm\u00e1 jen o malou \u010d\u00e1st propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch v\u011bz\u0148\u016f.<\/p>\n

Nesd\u00edl\u00edm hojn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd n\u00e1zor, \u017ee nejkrat\u0161\u00ed cestou k uvoln\u011bn\u00ed prostoru ve v\u011bznic\u00edch je skoncov\u00e1n\u00ed se st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00edm neplati\u010d\u016f v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9ho. Pohled na v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9 jako na p\u0159\u00edjem matky je scestn\u00fd. Je to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek na pokryt\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdch pot\u0159eb d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ece nemohou ani za \u0161patnou volbu partnera matkou, ani za neodpov\u011bdnost otc\u016f. Pova\u017euji proto neplacen\u00ed v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9ho za spole\u010densky nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd trestn\u00fd \u010din. V\u011bze\u0148stv\u00ed by m\u011blo odsouzen\u00fdm neplati\u010d\u016fm poskytnout podm\u00ednky, aby ji\u017e ve v\u00fdkonu trestu pracovali a spl\u00e1celi dluhy na v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9m. Navrhuj\u00ed-li minister\u0161t\u00ed asoci\u00e1lov\u00e9, aby neplacen\u00ed v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9ho bylo trestn\u00e9 jen tehdy, dostane-li se vy\u017eivovan\u00e1 osoba do stavu nouze, znehodnocuj\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed matky, kter\u00e1 od otcem opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed odvr\u00e1t\u00ed nouzi. Odm\u00edt\u00e1m ob\u010dasn\u00e9 zleh\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enosti neplacen\u00ed v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9ho ti\u0161e vysloven\u00fdm n\u00e1zorem, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 matky maj\u00ed sv\u016fj d\u00edl viny na nevhodn\u00e9m chov\u00e1n\u00ed neplat\u00edc\u00edho otce: m\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt pravda, ale n\u00e1sledky trestn\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed nakonec v\u017edy dopadnou na d\u011bti, je\u017e otcovo chov\u00e1n\u00ed nezavinily.<\/p>\n

D\u016fkladn\u00e1 ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 debata o probl\u00e9mech, vyzna\u010den\u00fdch soudci Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu \u010cR, je nejen nutn\u00e1, ale zasluhuje nadstranick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edky trestn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se ob\u010dan\u00e9 dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed bez ohledu na politick\u00e9 preference. Nelze p\u0159ipustit, aby trp\u011bli proto, \u017ee Sn\u011bmovnou neprojde u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 legislativn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed jen proto, \u017ee je p\u0159edlo\u017eila jin\u00e1 ne\u017e vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u010di naopak opozi\u010dn\u00ed strana. Opakov\u00e1n\u00ed ostudn\u00e9ho zp\u016fsobu, jim\u017e se chovala Fialova vl\u00e1da a Sn\u011bmovna v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tzv. d\u016fchodov\u00e9 reformy, by nevedlo k \u017e\u00e1douc\u00edmu v\u00fdsledku.<\/p>\n

Zden\u011bk Jemel\u00edk<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

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Kdy\u017e jsem si na \u010cesk\u00e9 justici dne 3. kv\u011btna 2024 p\u0159e\u010detl \u010dl\u00e1nek Petra Dimuna \u201eNebezpe\u010dn\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1596,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[33,1503,2908],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53242"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53242"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53242\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1596"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}