{"id":53182,"date":"2024-05-07T04:58:08","date_gmt":"2024-05-07T02:58:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=53182"},"modified":"2024-05-07T04:58:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-07T02:58:08","slug":"nova-studie-odhalila-ze-mikroplasty-mohou-pronikat-do-tela-pres-pokozku-a-akumulovat-se-v-organech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/05\/07\/nova-studie-odhalila-ze-mikroplasty-mohou-pronikat-do-tela-pres-pokozku-a-akumulovat-se-v-organech\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e1 studie odhalila, \u017ee mikroplasty mohou pronikat do t\u011bla p\u0159es poko\u017eku a akumulovat se v org\u00e1nech"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 studie proveden\u00e1 na britsk\u00e9 Univerzit\u011b v Birminghamu zjistila, \u017ee chemick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsady nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se v mikroplastech mohou proniknout do lidsk\u00e9ho t\u011bla i prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm potu p\u0159es poko\u017eku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mikroplasty, drobn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice o hmotnosti miliontiny gramu, jsou p\u0159\u00edtomny prakticky ve v\u0161em, co lid\u00e9 konzumuj\u00ed \u2013 od balen\u00e9 vody a\u017e po maso a rostlinn\u00e9 potraviny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto drobn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dky se mohou dostat do t\u011bla konzumac\u00ed potravin, kter\u00e9 se dostaly do kontaktu s plastov\u00fdmi obaly nebo kontaktem s jin\u00fdmi v\u00fdrobky, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed plasty, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b jsou z nich vyrobeny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nov\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>studie<\/span><\/a>\u00a0tak\u00e9 nazna\u010duje, \u017ee mikroplasty se mohou dostat do t\u011bla skrz pot. Jedn\u00e1 se o studii publikovanou v odborn\u00e9m \u010dasopise\u00a0<\/span>Environment International<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, kter\u00e1 se zam\u011b\u0159ila na polybromovan\u00e9 difenylethery (PBDE), b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 jako zpomalova\u010de ho\u0159en\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch plastov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1bytkov\u00fdch p\u011bnov\u00fdch v\u00fdpln\u00ed, izolac\u00ed dr\u00e1t\u016f a sk\u0159\u00edn\u00ed pro elektroniku.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bdci pod veden\u00edm Ovokeroye Abafe, odborn\u00edka na chemii, pou\u017eili 3D modely lidsk\u00e9 k\u016f\u017ee, kter\u00e9 vystavili mikroplast\u016fm obsahuj\u00edc\u00edm PBDE. Abafe a jeho t\u00fdm zjistili, \u017ee poko\u017eka dok\u00e1\u017ee absorbovat a\u017e 8% PBDE, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hladiny absorbuje poko\u017eka, kter\u00e1 se pot\u00ed intenzivn\u011bji.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eMikroplasty jsou v\u0161ude v \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, p\u0159esto st\u00e1le v\u00edme relativn\u011b m\u00e1lo o zdravotn\u00edch probl\u00e9mech, kter\u00e9 mohou zp\u016fsobit,\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0uvedl Abafe v tiskov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eN\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdzkum ukazuje, \u017ee mikroplasty hraj\u00ed roli jako \u201enosi\u010de\u201c \u0161kodliv\u00fdch chemik\u00e1li\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se mohou p\u0159es k\u016f\u017ei dostat do na\u0161eho krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Americk\u00e1 Agentura na ochranu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed (EPA) tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee PBDE zat\u00edm nebyly klasifikov\u00e1ny jako karcinogeny, tedy l\u00e1tky schopn\u00e9 zp\u016fsobit rakovinu. Dostatek d\u016fkaz\u016f v\u0161ak ji\u017e ukazuje, \u017ee tyto chemik\u00e1lie maj\u00ed potenci\u00e1l b\u00fdt karcinogenn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Tyto chemik\u00e1lie jsou perzistentn\u00ed, tak\u017ee p\u0159i nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9m nebo pravideln\u00e9m vystaven\u00ed se dojde k jejich postupn\u00e9mu hromad\u011bn\u00ed a\u017e do bodu, kdy za\u010dnou zp\u016fsobovat \u0161kody,“<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u0159ekl Abafe.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee mikroplasty se mohou hromadit v mozku a jin\u00fdch vnit\u0159n\u00edch org\u00e1nech<\/span><\/h2>\n

Americk\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>Centrum pro kontrolu a prevenci nemoc\u00ed<\/span><\/em>\u00a0(CDC) tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zdravotn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky PBDE na lidi je\u0161t\u011b nejsou dob\u0159e zn\u00e1my.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie na zv\u00ed\u0159atech v\u0161ak nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee PBDE mohou zp\u016fsobit zna\u010dn\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy, jater a v\u00fdvoje mozku. P\u0159edstavuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed karcinogenn\u00ed riziko. Studie na lidech spojuj\u00ed expozici PBDE u d\u011bt\u00ed s kognitivn\u00edmi a motorick\u00fdmi poruchami a probl\u00e9my s chov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie<\/span><\/a> proveden\u00e1 profesorem z Univerzity Rhodova ostrova Jaime Ross (USA) analyzovala neurobehavior\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky a z\u00e1n\u011btlivou reakci po vystaven\u00ed t\u011bla mikroplast\u016fm, jako\u017e i akumulaci mikroplast\u016f v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b mozku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie, kter\u00e1 vystavovala mlad\u00e9 a star\u0161\u00ed my\u0161i r\u016fzn\u00fdm koncentrac\u00edm mikroplast\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm pitn\u00e9 vody po dobu t\u0159\u00ed t\u00fddn\u016f, zjistila, \u017ee vystaven\u00ed mikroplast\u016fm vedlo k posun\u016fm v chov\u00e1n\u00ed a imunitn\u00edch markerech ve tk\u00e1n\u00edch jater a mozku.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bdci po expozici mikroplast\u016fm pozorovali u my\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00fd pohyb a chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednaly symptomy spojen\u00e9 s demenc\u00ed u lid\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho Ross poznamenal, \u017ee i p\u0159i relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fdch d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch vyvolala expozice mikroplast\u016fm zna\u010dn\u00e9 zm\u011bny ji\u017e v kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m \u010dasov\u00e9m r\u00e1mci.<\/span><\/p>\n

K pochopen\u00ed fyziologick\u00fdch mechanism\u016f pozorovan\u00fdch p\u0159i zm\u011bn\u00e1ch chov\u00e1n\u00ed u my\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci analyzovali rozsah vystaven\u00ed mikroplast\u016fm v r\u016fzn\u00fdch hlavn\u00edch tk\u00e1n\u00edch v\u010detn\u011b mozku, gastrointestin\u00e1ln\u00edho traktu, srdce, ledvin, jater, plic a sleziny.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed: Invaze mikroplast\u016f: V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci\u00a0<\/span>na\u0161li<\/span><\/a>\u00a0mikroplasty v lidsk\u00e9 srde\u010dn\u00ed tk\u00e1ni.)<\/span><\/p>\n

Vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b odhalilo rozs\u00e1hlou bioakumulaci \u010d\u00e1stic v ka\u017ed\u00e9m zkouman\u00e9m org\u00e1nu, v\u010detn\u011b mozku a dokonce i v t\u011blesn\u00fdch v\u00fdm\u011b\u0161c\u00edch. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee mikroplasty se dostaly do t\u011bl zv\u00ed\u0159at prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm pitn\u00e9 vody, v\u011bdci p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee je najdou v gastrointestin\u00e1ln\u00edm traktu, j\u00e1trech a ledvin\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ross poznamenal, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edtomnost mikroplast\u016f v srdci a\u00a0<\/span>plic\u00edch<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ukazuje, \u017ee se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed i mimo tr\u00e1vic\u00ed syst\u00e9m a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b podl\u00e9haj\u00ed celot\u011blov\u00e9 cirkulaci. To je nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9, proto\u017ee hematoencefalick\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra, tedy \u201eochrann\u00fd mechanismus mozku proti vir\u016fm, bakteri\u00edm a jin\u00fdm patogen\u016fm\u201c, m\u00e1 b\u00fdt obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b propustn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00e1stice mikroplast\u016f v\u0161ak byly nalezeny hluboko v mozkov\u00e9 tk\u00e1ni. Infiltrace mozku mikroplasty m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed gli\u00e1ln\u00edho fibril\u00e1rn\u00edho kysel\u00e9ho proteinu (GFAP), kter\u00fd podporuje mnoh\u00e9 bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 procesy v mozku.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bdci varovali, \u017ee pokles GFAP souvis\u00ed s \u010dasn\u00fdmi st\u00e1dii n\u011bkter\u00fdch neurodegenerativn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je Alzheimerova choroba a deprese.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/span><\/h2>\n

Nav\u0161tivte str\u00e1nku\u00a0<\/span>Microplastics.news<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kde naleznete dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed mikroplast\u016f v prost\u0159ed\u00ed a jejich \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Viz tak\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>video<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(v angli\u010dtin\u011b) o objevu mikroplast\u016f v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble:<\/span><\/p>\n