{"id":52817,"date":"2024-05-01T00:51:04","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T22:51:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=52817"},"modified":"2024-05-01T04:56:39","modified_gmt":"2024-05-01T02:56:39","slug":"jiri-paroubek-vyznam-1-maje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/05\/01\/jiri-paroubek-vyznam-1-maje\/","title":{"rendered":"Ji\u0159\u00ed Paroubek: V\u00fdznam 1. m\u00e1je"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Sv\u00e1tek 1. m\u00e1je byl vyhl\u00e1\u0161en II. internacion\u00e1lou na n\u00e1vrh francouzsk\u00fdch socialist\u016f jako ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed Sv\u00e1tek pr\u00e1ce v roce 1888.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Tento sv\u00e1tek byl p\u0159ipomenut\u00edm st\u00e1vky, kter\u00e1 prob\u011bhla 1. kv\u011btna 1886 pod veden\u00edm odbor\u016f, usiluj\u00edc\u00ed o osmihodinovou pracovn\u00ed dobu bez ztr\u00e1ty pen\u011bz. Celkov\u011b tehdy st\u00e1vkovalo asi 300 tis\u00edc d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1sledn\u011b 3.kv\u011btna 1886 prob\u011bhlo v\u00a0Chicagu shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e do\u0161lo ke st\u0159etu demonstrant\u016f s\u00a0polici\u00ed, v d\u016fsledku n\u011bj\u017e p\u0159i\u0161lo o \u017eivot n\u011bkolik st\u00e1vkuj\u00edc\u00edch, a to po bezohledn\u00e9 policejn\u00ed palb\u011b do davu. 4. kv\u011btna zem\u0159elo n\u011bkolik lid\u00ed p\u0159i demonstraci na jednom chicagsk\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdbuchu bomby. Za atent\u00e1t bylo obvin\u011bno a n\u00e1sledn\u011b bez d\u016fkazu odsouzeno k\u00a0smrti p\u011bt anarchist\u016f. \u010cty\u0159i z\u00a0nich byli popraveni a p\u00e1t\u00fd sp\u00e1chal ve v\u011bzen\u00ed sebevra\u017edu. Poprv\u00e9 se Sv\u00e1tek pr\u00e1ce v\u00a0USA celost\u00e1tn\u011b slavil 1. kv\u011btna 1886.<\/p>\n

U n\u00e1s byla prvn\u00ed oslava sv\u00e1tku pr\u00e1ce 1. kv\u011btna v\u00a0roce 1890. Tehdy se na \u017dof\u00edn\u011b uskute\u010dnilo shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkolika tis\u00edc demonstrant\u016f. T\u00e9to oslav\u011b 1. kv\u011btna, kterou ve sv\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku popsal Jan Neruda, p\u0159edch\u00e1zely ov\u0161em u n\u00e1s rozsahl\u00e9 demonstrace a st\u00e1vky. Vlastn\u011b to bylo nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1vkov\u00e9 hnut\u00ed v\u00a0b\u00fdval\u00e9 rakousk\u00e9 monarchii a\u017e do gener\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1vky 14. \u0159\u00edjna 1918.<\/p>\n

Dne\u0161n\u00ed oslavy Sv\u00e1tku pr\u00e1ce jsou mnohem skromn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e tomu bylo nejen za komunistick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00a0dob\u00e1ch I. \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 republiky a t\u0159et\u00ed republiky v\u00a0letech 1945 \u2013 1947.<\/p>\n

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\u010c\u00e1st spole\u010dnosti m\u016f\u017ee pova\u017eovat Sv\u00e1tek pr\u00e1ce za jist\u00fd p\u0159e\u017eitek. Ur\u010dit\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st publicist\u016f, ale i politik\u016f tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee u\u017e vlastn\u011b nen\u00ed, pokud jde o pr\u00e1va zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, o co bojovat, nebo\u0165 se v\u0161e ji\u017e splnilo. M\u00e1me pr\u00fd svobodu. M\u00e1me demokracii. M\u00e1me vysokou \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148, o kter\u00e9 se n\u00e1m nikdy nesnilo.<\/p>\n

\u017divotn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 v\u0161ak v\u00a0posledn\u00edch dvou letech, kdy \u0159\u00e1dila p\u00e1div\u00e1 inflace, klesla o \u010dtvrtinu a mo\u017en\u00e1 \u201ejen\u201c o p\u011btinu. \u0158\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed inflace ov\u0161em zas\u00e1hlo jednotliv\u00e9 vrstvy a t\u0159\u00eddy \u010desk\u00e9ho obyvatelstva rozd\u00edln\u011b. Vezmeme-li za z\u00e1klad posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b \u010cech\u016f hranici n\u011bmeck\u00e9 chudoby, kter\u00e1 je zhruba na \u00farovni \u010desk\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 mzdy, mus\u00edme konstatovat, \u017ee pod touto hranic\u00ed se nach\u00e1z\u00ed dv\u011b t\u0159etiny ob\u010dan\u016f na\u0161eho st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

Ve spole\u010dnosti za posledn\u00edch dvacet a\u017e t\u0159icet let neb\u00fdvale vzrostla nerovnost. A tak zhruba desetina \u010desk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f si p\u0159isvojuje v\u00edce ne\u017e jednu polovinu spole\u010densk\u00e9ho bohatstv\u00ed, p\u0159itom zhruba 1%, tedy o n\u011bco v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed, disponuje spole\u010densk\u00fdm bohatstv\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm, ne\u017eli je jedna \u010dtvrtina. A zhruba 50% ob\u010dan\u016f v\u00a0n\u00edzkop\u0159\u00edjmov\u00fdch kategori\u00edch disponuje cca 4% spole\u010densk\u00e9ho bohatstv\u00ed…<\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee nen\u00ed pravda, \u017ee nen\u00ed o co bojovat, zejm\u00e9na pokud se objevuj\u00ed v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 pravicov\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b v\u00fdst\u0159edn\u00ed n\u00e1pady typu okam\u017eit\u00e9 v\u00fdpov\u011bdi bez ud\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fvodu nebo v\u00fdpov\u011bdi se zkr\u00e1cen\u00edm v\u00fdpov\u011bdn\u00edch lh\u016ft anebo prodlou\u017een\u00ed zku\u0161ebn\u00ed doby nov\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f. Proti t\u011bmto n\u00e1pad\u016fm a n\u00e1zor\u016fm je pot\u0159eba aktivn\u011b vystupovat a sna\u017eit se zabr\u00e1nit vl\u00e1d\u011b v\u00a0jejich uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed. A k\u00a0tomu je pot\u0159eba ideov\u011b vysp\u011bl\u00e1 a siln\u00e1 levice a tak\u00e9 siln\u00e9 odborov\u00e9 hnut\u00ed. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b chyb\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesku oba dva tyto sloupy, o n\u011b\u017e se op\u00edraj\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed jistoty oby\u010dejn\u00fdch \u010desk\u00fdch lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ji\u0159\u00ed Paroubek<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sv\u00e1tek 1. m\u00e1je byl vyhl\u00e1\u0161en II. internacion\u00e1lou na n\u00e1vrh francouzsk\u00fdch socialist\u016f jako ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed Sv\u00e1tek pr\u00e1ce…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":52819,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[2316,398,1503,122],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52817"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52817"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52817\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52820,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52817\/revisions\/52820"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52817"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52817"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}