{"id":52780,"date":"2024-05-01T00:41:43","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T22:41:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=52780"},"modified":"2024-04-30T16:48:02","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T14:48:02","slug":"jak-izrael-porusuje-mezinarodni-pravo-v-gaze-expertni-zprava","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/05\/01\/jak-izrael-porusuje-mezinarodni-pravo-v-gaze-expertni-zprava\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak Izrael poru\u0161uje mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo v Gaze: expertn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 expertn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va uv\u00e1d\u00ed, jak Izrael systematicky poru\u0161oval americk\u00e9 a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo v Gaze, a doch\u00e1z\u00ed k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee Izrael zah\u00e1jil nevyb\u00edrav\u00e9 a nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 \u00fatoky na civiln\u00ed oblasti kv\u016fli \u201eextr\u00e9mn\u011b uvoln\u011bn\u00fdm pravidl\u016fm anga\u017em\u00e1\u201c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Jen n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed pot\u00e9, co Bidenova administrativa zasypala izraelskou arm\u00e1du dal\u0161\u00edmi miliardami dolar\u016f ve smrt\u00edc\u00ed pomoci, st\u00e1le bez zjevn\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed omezit jej\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed na nevojensk\u00e9 obyvatelstvo a struktury, byli palestin\u0161t\u00ed solid\u00e1rn\u00ed aktivist\u00e9 obda\u0159eni silnou munic\u00ed, aby zpochybnili genocidn\u00ed ignorov\u00e1n\u00ed Izraele. mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed a americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kony a normy, kter\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed civilisty ve v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch situac\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ve st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00e9, ale s\u017e\u00edrav\u00e9\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.justsecurity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/NSM20-TF-Report-_-Final.pdf\"><span>76str\u00e1nkov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, kter\u00e1 byla ve\u0159ejn\u011b zve\u0159ejn\u011bna 24. dubna, Nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed skupina pro uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed memoranda o n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti-20 (NSM-20) podrobn\u011b popisuje \u201ev\u00edce v\u011brohodn\u00fdch incident\u016f p\u0159edstavuj\u00edc\u00edch poru\u0161en\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho humanit\u00e1rn\u00edho pr\u00e1va, osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch postup\u016f. a [nevhodn\u00e1] omezen\u00ed humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci.\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Dobrovoln\u00e1 a nep\u0159idru\u017een\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed skupina prominentn\u00edch odborn\u00edk\u016f \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b dvou ned\u00e1vno zesnul\u00fdch vysok\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f ministerstva zahrani\u010d\u00ed, pr\u00e1vn\u00ed v\u011bdkyn\u011b Noura Erekat a b\u00fdval\u00e9ho vysok\u00e9ho \u201espole\u010dn\u00e9ho termin\u00e1lov\u00e9ho kontrolora \u00fatok\u016f\u201c Wese Bryanta \u2013 byla rychle vytvo\u0159ena pot\u00e9, co prezident Biden v \u00fanoru podepsal NSM-20. 8, 2024. Memorandum ulo\u017eilo ministerstv\u016fm st\u00e1tu a obrany, aby do 8. kv\u011btna podaly Kongresu zpr\u00e1vu o souladu Izraele (a jmenovit\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch spojenc\u016f USA) s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm humanit\u00e1rn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem a osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdmi vojensk\u00fdmi postupy, jako\u017e i o tom, zda m\u00e1 br\u00e1nila humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci Gaze.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Spolup\u0159edsedkyn\u011b Noura Erekat na br\u00edfinku uvedla, \u017ee zpr\u00e1va pracovn\u00ed skupiny m\u00e1 dva hlavn\u00ed c\u00edle: zaprv\u00e9 \u201einformovat\u201c o hodnocen\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u016f st\u00e1tu a obrany s v\u00fdb\u011brem dob\u0159e zdokumentovan\u00fdch a posouzen\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f zneu\u017eit\u00ed pomoci a zadruh\u00e9 vyv\u00edjet tlak na agentury a B\u00edl\u00fd d\u016fm, aby jednaly r\u00e1zn\u011b a omezily zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. Tlak bude z\u00e1viset na schopnosti zpr\u00e1vy zam\u011b\u0159it porozum\u011bn\u00ed m\u00e9di\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f a aktivist\u016f na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed ilustrativn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady a jasn\u011b vysv\u011btlit pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec a normy, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed platit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Panel ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee jeho:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span><em>\u201eSouhrnn\u00e1 anal\u00fdza v\u011brohodn\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edch zbran\u011b dodan\u00e9 USA ze strany izraelsk\u00fdch sil nazna\u010duje kontext systematick\u00e9ho ignorov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch princip\u016f mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va, v\u010detn\u011b opakuj\u00edc\u00edch se \u00fatok\u016f zah\u00e1jen\u00fdch navzdory p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011b nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed civilist\u016f a civiln\u00edch objekt\u016f, rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f bez p\u0159edchoz\u00edho varov\u00e1n\u00ed v n\u011bkter\u00fdch nejhust\u011bji obydlen\u00e9 obytn\u00e9 \u010dtvrti na sv\u011bt\u011b, p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 \u00fatoky na civilisty\u2026 a \u00fatoky proti civiln\u00edm objekt\u016fm, v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed civiln\u00edho obyvatelstva.\u201c<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Odborn\u00edci d\u00e1le uvedli:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eIzraelsk\u00e9 zpravodajsk\u00e9 zdroje citovan\u00e9 d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdmi zpr\u00e1vami m\u00e9di\u00ed nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee tyto vzorce nez\u00e1konn\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed spol\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed se na ne\u00fastupn\u00e9 a nepodm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky americk\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, uvoln\u011bn\u00e1 pravidla nasazen\u00ed, uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed kolektivn\u00edch trest\u016f a pou\u017eit\u00ed technologie um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence ke generov\u00e1n\u00ed tis\u00edc\u016f c\u00edl\u016f. (v\u010detn\u011b person\u00e1lu civiln\u00ed policie a civiln\u00ed obrany), maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlost\u00ed a s minim\u00e1ln\u00edm lidsk\u00fdm dohledem.\u201c\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ilustruje 17 konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch, d\u011bsiv\u00fdch \u201eincident\u016f\u201c a 18 str\u00e1nek dal\u0161\u00edch incident\u016f. Tento p\u0159ehled incident\u016f je pr\u00fd \u201epodporov\u00e1n jak d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdmi m\u00e9dii, tak zpr\u00e1vami ob\u010dansk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edmi p\u0159edstavitel\u016f izraelsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy a uniformovan\u00fdch d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f IDF\u201c. Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 incidenty jsou v\u0161ak \u201ejen ty nejsn\u00e1ze identifikovateln\u00e9 mezi jasn\u00fdm vzorem poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va, neschopnost\u00ed uplat\u0148ovat osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed civiln\u00edch \u0161kod a omezov\u00e1n\u00edm humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci\u201c Izraelem a IDF, \u010dasto za pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u00ed dodan\u00fdch USA.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pro laiky je stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee zpr\u00e1va p\u0159esn\u011b popisuje, jak maj\u00ed americk\u00e9 a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed syst\u00e9my chr\u00e1nit civilisty p\u0159ed \u00fajmou \u2013 a jak se jim pohrd\u00e1. Odborn\u00edci tedy poukazuj\u00ed na t\u0159i \u201ez\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla [kter\u00e1] upravuj\u00ed c\u00edlen\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed v ozbrojen\u00fdch konfliktech\u201c:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span>Rozli\u0161ujte mezi civilisty a bojovn\u00edky a mezi civiln\u00edmi objekty a vojensk\u00fdmi c\u00edli s p\u0159edpokladem, \u017ee osoby nebo objekty jsou chr\u00e1n\u011bny p\u0159ed \u00fatokem, pokud informace dostupn\u00e9 v t\u00e9 dob\u011b nenazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o vojensk\u00e9 c\u00edle.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>P\u0159i pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u00fatok\u016f p\u0159ijm\u011bte v\u0161echna mo\u017en\u00e1 \u201epreventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed\u201c, abyste se vyhnuli nebo alespo\u0148 minimalizovali n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty na \u017eivotech civilist\u016f, zran\u011bn\u00ed civilist\u016f a po\u0161kozen\u00ed civiln\u00edch objekt\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Respektujte \u201eproporcionalitu\u201c, tj. neprov\u00e1d\u011bjte \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fatoky, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 ve vztahu k o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 v\u00fdhod\u011b. \u010c\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed civilist\u016f a civiln\u00edch objekt\u016f, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda nezbytn\u00e1 k ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho \u00fatoku. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo (IHL) poskytuje zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed ochranu nemocnic\u00edm, klinik\u00e1m a ambulanc\u00edm, jako\u017e i humanit\u00e1rn\u00edm operac\u00edm a prostor\u016fm OSN.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span>Zpr\u00e1va nasti\u0148uje z\u00e1klady \u201epostup\u016f zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed civiln\u00edch \u0161kod\u201c, v\u010detn\u011b postup\u016f ministerstva obrany USA. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm konceptem je \u201eno-strike entity\u201c (NSE), kter\u00e9 podle DOD \u201emohou zahrnovat, ale nejsou omezeny na, l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9, vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed, diplomatick\u00e9, kulturn\u00ed, n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 a historick\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky nebo jin\u00e9 objekty, kter\u00e9 podle sv\u00fdch povaha, um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed, \u00fa\u010del nebo pou\u017eit\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed ke schopnosti nep\u0159\u00edtele v\u00e9st v\u00e1lku nebo v\u00e1lku udr\u017eet.\u201c Pracovn\u00ed skupina tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee Izrael se \u201erutinn\u011b a opakovan\u011b\u201c zam\u011b\u0159oval na \u0161est z\u00e1kladn\u00edch kategori\u00ed NSE plus \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu o n\u011bco m\u00e9n\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch subjekt\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span>Proporcionalita \u201eztratila smysl\u201c<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span>Obvyklou v\u00fdmluvou izraelsk\u00e9ho postupu pro smrt a zran\u011bn\u00ed civilist\u016f je, \u017ee je Ham\u00e1s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako \u201elidsk\u00e9 \u0161t\u00edty\u201c. Zpr\u00e1va uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u201evyu\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnosti civilist\u016f nebo jin\u00fdch chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch osob s \u00famyslem chr\u00e1nit vojensk\u00fd c\u00edl p\u0159ed \u00fatokem p\u0159edstavuje v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fd zlo\u010din\u201c. Americk\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 pravidla v\u0161ak \u201epotvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk sd\u00edl\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost za civiln\u00ed \u0161kody se sv\u00fdmi nep\u0159\u00e1teli, pokud neu\u010din\u00ed provediteln\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed\u201c, aby se vyhnul zab\u00edjen\u00ed \u0161t\u00edt\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>NSM-20 s\u00e1m vysv\u011btluje, \u017ee jeho spojenci mus\u00ed \u201eusnad\u0148ovat a nikoli sv\u00e9voln\u011b pop\u00edrat, omezovat nebo jinak br\u00e1nit . . . p\u0159epravu nebo dod\u00e1n\u00ed [americk\u00e9] humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed&#8230;humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci podporovan\u00e9 vl\u00e1dou USA.&#8220;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Zpr\u00e1va nasti\u0148uje \u201ekontext\u201c izraelsk\u00e9ho \u201esystematick\u00e9ho ignorov\u00e1n\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho humanit\u00e1rn\u00edho pr\u00e1va\u201c a cituje \u201eopakuj\u00edc\u00ed se \u00fatoky zah\u00e1jen\u00e9 navzdory p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011b nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed civilist\u016f a civiln\u00edch objekt\u016f, rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 \u00fatoky bez p\u0159edchoz\u00edho varov\u00e1n\u00ed v n\u011bkter\u00fdch z nejhust\u011bji os\u00eddlen\u00fdch obytn\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b , p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 \u00fatoky na civilisty nebo jinak chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 osoby&#8230;a \u00fatoky proti civiln\u00edm objekt\u016fm, v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed civiln\u00edho obyvatelstva. Je citov\u00e1n vysoce postaven\u00fd b\u00fdval\u00fd d\u016fstojn\u00edk IDF, kter\u00fd odsuzuje \u201ebezohledn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed Izraele\u201c, kter\u00e9 podle n\u011bj \u201eodr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed absolutn\u00ed p\u0159edpoklad, \u017ee USA budou pokra\u010dovat v jeho vyzbrojov\u00e1n\u00ed a financov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u201eExtr\u00e9mn\u011b uvoln\u011bn\u00e1 pravidla nasazen\u00ed\u201c, kter\u00e1 nejsou v souladu s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm humanit\u00e1rn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem, tak\u00e9 vysv\u011btluj\u00ed mnoho \u0161kod zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch civilist\u016fm. N\u00e1\u010deln\u00edk \u0161t\u00e1bu izraelsk\u00e9ho letectva Omar Tishler tedy prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee \u010dtvrti byly napadeny \u201eve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku a ne chirurgick\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Takov\u00e9 \u00fatoky jsou usnadn\u011bny roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm konceptu \u201evojensk\u00e9 v\u00fdhody\u201c v jeho hodnocen\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><em><span>proporcionality<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0, aby se pom\u011b\u0159ovaly civiln\u00ed \u0161kody s v\u00fdhodami \u201eoperace jako celku\u201c, sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e proti ka\u017ed\u00e9mu jednotliv\u00e9mu \u00fatoku. Tento krok \u201e\u010din\u00ed pravidlo proporcionality bezv\u00fdznamn\u00fdm\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va, proto\u017ee nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 srovn\u00e1vat \u0161kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 jedin\u00fdm konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm \u00fatokem se v\u0161emi vojensk\u00fdmi v\u00fdhodami, kter\u00fdch \u00fadajn\u011b dos\u00e1hla nebo o n\u011b usiluje cel\u00e1 operace v Gaze, kter\u00e1 trv\u00e1 d\u00e9le ne\u017e \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Podobn\u011b b\u00fdval\u00fd kontrolor dron\u016f americk\u00e9ho letectva Bryant poznamenal, jak Izrael zaml\u017euje po\u017eadavek na p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><em><span>preventivn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0na ochranu civilist\u016f \u201epou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00ed, o kter\u00fdch v\u00ed, \u017ee jsou ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1\u201c, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed textov\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v obyvatel\u016fm, jejich\u017e telefony nejsou funk\u010dn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u201eUvoln\u011bn\u00e9\u201c je tak\u00e9 izraelsk\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed term\u00ednu terorista. Z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edk tedy \u0159ekl Ha&#8217;aretz: &#8222;V praxi je terorista kdokoli, koho IDF zabila v oblastech, kde p\u016fsob\u00ed jej\u00ed s\u00edly.&#8220; Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9, neomezen\u00e9 zaveden\u00ed \u201ez\u00f3n zab\u00edjen\u00ed\u201c je dal\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak zamaskovat genocidu, vysv\u011btlil izraelsk\u00fd zpravodajsk\u00fd d\u016fstojn\u00edk. S \u201evra\u017eednou z\u00f3nou\u201c, kter\u00e1 trv\u00e1 m\u011bs\u00edc nebo dva, \u201ese m\u016f\u017eete dr\u017eet p\u0159\u00edkazu, aby byl zast\u0159elen ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed&#8230; Ale jsme tam \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f a lid\u00e9 mus\u00ed za\u010d\u00edt vych\u00e1zet; sna\u017e\u00ed se p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt, a to vede k velmi v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm incident\u016fm.\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u00a0A kone\u010dn\u011b, Izrael tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee blokovat humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><span>pomoc, pokud m\u00e1 \u201ev\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fvody k obav\u00e1m\u201c, \u017ee humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1silky \u201ebudou odklon\u011bny z jejich civiln\u00edho m\u00edsta ur\u010den\u00ed nebo jinak poskytnou definitivn\u00ed v\u00fdhodu nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9mu vojensk\u00e9mu \u00fasil\u00ed\u201c \u2013 co\u017e je pozice, na kterou se podle pracovn\u00ed skupiny spol\u00e9h\u00e1. o \u201ez\u00e1vadn\u00e9m pravidle\u201c z roku 1949, kter\u00fd byl upraven v roce 1977 a nahrazen pravidlem mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho oby\u010dejov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 rezoluce Rady bezpe\u010dnosti OSN a Valn\u00e9ho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee Izrael \u201emus\u00ed umo\u017enit a usnadnit rychlou a neru\u0161enou humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoc a nesm\u00ed takovou pomoc odep\u0159\u00edt na z\u00e1klad\u011b obav, \u017ee malou \u010d\u00e1st pomoci mohou zabavit ozbrojen\u00e9 skupiny\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Z\u00e1v\u011brem zpr\u00e1va varuje, \u017ee \u201ezji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed skupiny vzbuzuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 obavy ohledn\u011b dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed americk\u00e9ho i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va ze strany administrativy, zejm\u00e9na s ohledem na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pomoc a transfery zbran\u00ed\u201c. Pot\u00e9 identifikuje dot\u010den\u00e9 z\u00e1kony a uv\u00e1d\u00ed \u201epovinnosti podle mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho oby\u010dejov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va zajistit respektov\u00e1n\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho humanit\u00e1rn\u00edho pr\u00e1va a spolupracovat na ukon\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch poru\u0161en\u00ed imperativn\u00edch norem obecn\u00e9ho mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va z\u00e1konn\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span class=\"post-author\"><span class=\"by\">AUTOR:\u00a0<\/span><a class=\"author url fn\" title=\"P\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky od Steve France\" href=\"https:\/\/mondoweiss.net\/author\/steve-france\/\" rel=\"author\">STEVE FRANCE<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 expertn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va uv\u00e1d\u00ed, jak Izrael systematicky poru\u0161oval americk\u00e9 a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo v Gaze, a&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40690,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[178,107,1475,724],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52780"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52780"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52780\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40690"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52780"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52780"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52780"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}