{"id":51444,"date":"2024-04-12T07:21:03","date_gmt":"2024-04-12T05:21:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=51444"},"modified":"2024-04-12T07:21:03","modified_gmt":"2024-04-12T05:21:03","slug":"svycarsko-usporada-referendum-o-sankcich-proti-rusku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/04\/12\/svycarsko-usporada-referendum-o-sankcich-proti-rusku\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0160v\u00fdcarsko uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 referendum o sankc\u00edch proti Rusku"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>\u0160v\u00fdcar\u0161t\u00ed aktivist\u00e9 usiluj\u00ed o obnoven\u00ed historick\u00e9 neutrality zem\u011b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u0160v\u00fdcar\u0161t\u00ed aktivist\u00e9 podporovan\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed politickou stranou v zemi podali petici s dostatkem podpis\u016f k vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed referenda, kter\u00e9 by mohlo zakotvit neutralitu Bernu do \u00fastavy a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b obnovit ekonomick\u00e9 vazby zem\u011b s Moskvou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Takzvan\u00e1\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201eIniciativa za neutralitu\u201c,<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0kterou podepsalo v\u00edce ne\u017e 130 000 obyvatel, byla podle Swissinfo ofici\u00e1ln\u011b pod\u00e1na ve \u010dtvrtek. N\u00e1vrh\u00a0by definoval neutralitu \u0160v\u00fdcarska jako\u00a0<em>\u201ev\u011b\u010dnou a ozbrojenou\u201c<\/em>\u00a0a v\u00fdslovn\u011b zakazoval zemi vstoupit do\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bk.admin.ch\/ch\/d\/pore\/vi\/vis540t.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>\u201e\u00a0<\/span><\/a><span><em>jak\u00e9koli vojensk\u00e9 nebo obrann\u00e9 aliance\u201c,<\/em>\u00a0pokud nebude p\u0159\u00edmo napadena.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Navrhovan\u00e1 zm\u011bna \u00fastavy by tak\u00e9 zabr\u00e1nila vl\u00e1d\u011b uvalovat nebo se p\u0159ipojovat k jak\u00e9koli form\u011b\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201enevojensk\u00fdch donucovac\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed\u201c<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0a sankc\u00ed, pokud k tomu ned\u00e1 mand\u00e1t Rada bezpe\u010dnosti OSN. Bern by si v\u0161ak st\u00e1le vyhradil z\u00e1vazky, aby zabr\u00e1nil obch\u00e1zen\u00ed sankc\u00ed uvalen\u00fdch jin\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u0160v\u00fdcarsko udr\u017euje politiku neutrality od roku 1815 a nepostavilo se na \u017e\u00e1dnou ze dvou sv\u011btov\u00fdch v\u00e1lek. I kdy\u017e \u0160v\u00fdcarsko ofici\u00e1ln\u011b nen\u00ed \u010dlenem \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho bloku, jako je EU nebo NATO, p\u0159esto se p\u0159ipojilo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ke v\u0161em z\u00e1padn\u00edm sankc\u00edm uvalen\u00fdm na Moskvu, zmrazilo sv\u016fj majetek v hodnot\u011b miliard dolar\u016f a aktivn\u011b podporovalo Kyjev po spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho programu. ofenziva na Ukrajin\u011b v roce 2022.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Podle nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho rusk\u00e9ho diplomata Sergeje Lavrova se \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da vzdala sv\u00e9 neutrality p\u0159ijet\u00edm strategie n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je rozv\u00edjet evropskou bezpe\u010dnost\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201ene s Ruskem, ale proti n\u011bmu\u201c.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Od za\u010d\u00e1tku konfliktu na Ukrajin\u011b Bern pos\u00edlal ekonomickou pomoc Kyjevu, ale odm\u00edtl dodat zbran\u011b nebo umo\u017enit jin\u00fdm zem\u00edm pos\u00edlat \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 zbran\u011b nebo st\u0159elivo. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy volaj\u00ed po uvoln\u011bn\u00ed t\u00e9to politiky, ale \u0160v\u00fdcarsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 strana (SVP) a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokrat\u00e9 (SP) se k takov\u00fdm n\u00e1vrh\u016fm stav\u00ed kriticky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>SVP, kter\u00e1 vedla kampa\u0148 na pro-neutralitu a protiimigra\u010dn\u00ed platformu, se v \u0159\u00edjnov\u00fdch v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch stala hlavn\u00edm v\u00edt\u011bzem, kdy\u017e z\u00edskala 28,6 % hlas\u016f. Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed SP, kter\u00e1 podporuje m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159\u00edsnou neutralitu, ale rozhodn\u011b se stav\u00ed proti vstupu do vojensk\u00fdch blok\u016f, zaostala s 18 %.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>SVP ve \u010dtvrtek\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.svp.ch\/aktuell\/publikationen\/medienmitteilungen\/neutrale-notbremse-ziehen-fuer-sicherheit-und-frieden\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>uvedla<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, \u017ee sankce proti Rusku\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201eohro\u017euj\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed m\u00edr a stabilitu na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b\u201c, a<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0uv\u00edtala zpr\u00e1vu o referendu.\u00a0<\/span><em><span>&#8222;Kdyby se v\u0161echny st\u00e1ty chovaly jako \u0160v\u00fdcarsko, nebyla by v\u00e1lka,&#8220;<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0uvedla strana.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Iniciativa neutrality tak\u00e9 vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 \u0160v\u00fdcarsko, aby jednalo jako prost\u0159edn\u00edk a vyu\u017eilo sv\u00e9\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201ev\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 neutrality k prevenci a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed konflikt\u016f\u201c.<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0Bern chce n\u011bkdy v tomto roce uspo\u0159\u00e1dat velkou m\u00edrovou konferenci o ukrajinsk\u00e9m konfliktu, na kterou \u00fadajn\u011b pozve a\u017e 100 n\u00e1rod\u016f, v\u011bt\u0161inou z glob\u00e1ln\u00edho jihu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Moskva v\u0161ak ozna\u010dila konferenci, kterou Bern navrhuje, za\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201ezbyte\u010dnou\u201c<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0a nazna\u010dila, \u017ee se nehodl\u00e1 z\u00fa\u010dastnit, i kdyby byla ofici\u00e1ln\u011b pozv\u00e1na. Rusko uvedlo, \u017ee zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9 f\u00f3rum bude v\u011bnov\u00e1no propagaci ultim\u00e1ta ukrajinsk\u00e9ho prezidenta Vladimira Zelensk\u00e9ho, kter\u00e9 Moskva ozna\u010dila za nere\u00e1ln\u00e9. Kreml opakovan\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148oval, \u017ee z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 otev\u0159en\u00fd diskus\u00edm, ale pouze pokud Kyjev uzn\u00e1\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201erealitu na m\u00edst\u011b\u201c.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0160v\u00fdcar\u0161t\u00ed aktivist\u00e9 usiluj\u00ed o obnoven\u00ed historick\u00e9 neutrality zem\u011b \u0160v\u00fdcar\u0161t\u00ed aktivist\u00e9 podporovan\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed politickou stranou v&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":51445,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[885,22,125,7116],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51444"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51444"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51444\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/51445"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51444"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51444"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51444"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}