{"id":4987,"date":"2021-09-25T03:41:43","date_gmt":"2021-09-25T01:41:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=4987"},"modified":"2021-09-27T11:26:11","modified_gmt":"2021-09-27T09:26:11","slug":"je-skutecne-mozne-aby-se-spojene-kralovstvi-stalo-clenem-usmca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2021\/09\/25\/je-skutecne-mozne-aby-se-spojene-kralovstvi-stalo-clenem-usmca\/","title":{"rendered":"Je skute\u010dn\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9, aby se Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed stalo \u010dlenem USMCA?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"podnadpis\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee Lond\u00fdn usiluje o dohodu, kter\u00e1 by nahradila evropsk\u00fd trh<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<section class=\"perex\">V sou\u010dasn\u00e9m sv\u011btov\u00e9m \u0159\u00e1du je prakticky nemo\u017en\u00e9, aby si jak\u00e1koli zem\u011b udr\u017eela status ekonomick\u00e9 mocnosti bez \u00fa\u010dasti v rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch voln\u00e9ho obchodu, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed siln\u00fd trh v ur\u010dit\u00e9m region\u00e1ln\u00edm prostoru. V dob\u011b, kdy bylo Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie, se \u00fa\u010dastnilo m\u00edstn\u00edho trhu a vyu\u017e\u00edvalo voln\u00e9ho obchodu s ostatn\u00edmi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi. Po brexitu v\u0161ak Lond\u00fdn hled\u00e1 alternativy, jak zaplnit obchodn\u00ed pr\u00e1zdnotu po EU. Jednou z nejvyhled\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00edch destinac\u00ed se Brit\u016fm jev\u00ed Severn\u00ed Amerika, kde USMCA, n\u00e1stupnick\u00fd hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd blok po NAFTA, sdru\u017euje USA, Mexiko a Kanadu do jednotn\u00e9 region\u00e1ln\u00ed obchodn\u00ed platformy. Zd\u00e1 se v\u0161ak, \u017ee ne v\u0161ichni \u010dlenov\u00e9 tohoto bloku jsou s britskou snahou o uzav\u0159en\u00ed dohody spokojeni.<\/section>\n<section class=\"clanek-obsah\">Mo\u017enost p\u0159istoupen\u00ed EU k USMCA v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch kontroverze. Novin\u00e1\u0159i a analytici z nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed se k p\u0159\u00edpadu vyjad\u0159ovali a hodnotili p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti a rizika, kter\u00e1 by s takovou iniciativou vyvstala. Ve skute\u010dnosti je zn\u00e1mo jen m\u00e1lo o tom, odkud se takov\u00e9 informace vzaly. N\u011bkolik britsk\u00fdch medi\u00e1ln\u00edch agentur za\u010dalo informovat o tom, \u017ee z\u00edskaly d\u016fv\u011brn\u00e9 informace od n\u011bkter\u00fdch vl\u00e1dn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 odhalily z\u00e1m\u011br premi\u00e9ra Borise Johnsona po\u017e\u00e1dat Washington o m\u00edsto v USMCA, co\u017e p\u0159ekvapilo ve\u0161ker\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed.Navzdory nejist\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm t\u011bchto informac\u00ed se tato mo\u017enost zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt vzhledem k ned\u00e1vn\u00fdm ud\u00e1lostem docela pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1. Lond\u00fdn se toti\u017e ji\u017e del\u0161\u00ed dobu obrac\u00ed na Washington s \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed o uzav\u0159en\u00ed obchodn\u00ed dohody. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku bylo britsk\u00fdm c\u00edlem oslavit bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed dohodu s USA, ale jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v tomto smyslu upadala kv\u016fli n\u011bkter\u00fdm postoj\u016fm Bidenovy administrativy. Mezi t\u011bmito dv\u011bma zem\u011bmi neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd relevantn\u00ed st\u0159et z\u00e1jm\u016f, ale Biden se v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b z\u0159ejm\u011b mnohem v\u00edce soust\u0159ed\u00ed na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch ekonomick\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f Ameriky ne\u017e na uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch dohod, co\u017e ho vedlo k odkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed dohoda stala vzd\u00e1lenou realitou. Pro Lond\u00fdn se v\u0161ak jedn\u00e1 o velmi nal\u00e9havou z\u00e1le\u017eitost, nebo\u0165 neexistence z\u00f3ny voln\u00e9ho obchodu se silnou EU zp\u016fsobuje v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 dopady na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, co\u017e vede zemi k tomu, aby st\u00e1le v\u00edce usilovala o uzav\u0159en\u00ed \u0161irok\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch dohod, kter\u00e9 by mohly zaru\u010dit v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed plynulost trhu a pohyb zbo\u017e\u00ed a kapit\u00e1lu. Je tedy skute\u010dn\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee britsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da pl\u00e1nuje po\u017e\u00e1dat o m\u00edsto v USMCA, nebo\u0165 se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee by to pro Brity byla je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dohoda ne\u017e bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed smlouva s USA.Mexick\u00fd prezident Antonio Manuel Lopez Obrador se ned\u00e1vno vyj\u00e1d\u0159il k mo\u017en\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dosti Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, ale nezaujal jasn\u00e9 stanovisko, pouze uvedl, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o z\u00e1le\u017eitost, kterou by se m\u011bli zab\u00fdvat v\u0161ichni \u010dlenov\u00e9. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee Mexiko je zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v tomto ohledu v\u011bnuje Brit\u016fm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornost, a ned\u00e1vno se dokonce uskute\u010dnil summit mezi ministryn\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed Liz Trussovou a mexickou ministryn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed Tatianou Clouthierovou, na n\u011bm\u017e v\u0161ak nebyly ozn\u00e1meny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 relevantn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky. Na druhou stranu, i kdy\u017e americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da zat\u00edm ofici\u00e1ln\u011b nezaujala stanovisko k p\u0159\u00edpadu UK-USMCA, o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee Biden\u016fv postoj bude stejn\u00fd: up\u0159ednostnit vnit\u0159n\u00ed probl\u00e9my Ameriky a ignorovat slo\u017eit\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 nejsou v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m z\u00e1jmu USA. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee americk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost je st\u00e1le v\u00edce polarizovan\u00e1, nach\u00e1z\u00ed se uprost\u0159ed jedn\u00e9 z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch migra\u010dn\u00edch kriz\u00ed v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch zem\u011b a vl\u00e1da \u010del\u00ed po incidentech v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 krizi legitimity, je pomoc Spojen\u00e9mu kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed v tuto chv\u00edli t\u00edm nejmen\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1jmem USA. A zcela jist\u011b bude americk\u00fd postoj automaticky n\u00e1sledovat i Kanada, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 tendenci ratifikovat zahrani\u010dn\u011bpolitick\u00e9 iniciativy Washingtonu. St\u00e1t se \u010dtvrt\u00fdm \u010dlenem USMCA se tak zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt pro Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed &#8211; alespo\u0148 v tuto chv\u00edli &#8211; skute\u010dn\u011b neprovediteln\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Britsk\u00fd c\u00edl je jedin\u00fd: dostat se na severoamerick\u00fd trh, a to bu\u010f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm USMCA, nebo dvoustrann\u00e9 dohody. Lond\u00fdn pot\u0159ebuje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it sv\u016fj obchod a nahradit evropsk\u00fd trh. USA a Kanada tento z\u00e1jem nemaj\u00ed, zat\u00edmco Mexiko, kter\u00e9 bylo znev\u00fdhodn\u011bno n\u011bkter\u00fdmi p\u0159edpisy USMCA &#8211; ty jsou postaveny ve prosp\u011bch USA a Kanady &#8211; m\u00e1 z\u00e1jem o nov\u00e9 tr\u017en\u00ed alternativy, aby dos\u00e1hlo p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch zm\u011bn. Uprost\u0159ed tolika rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f je nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee se situace vy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed pouze jednostrann\u00fdmi dohodami. Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed se mo\u017en\u00e1 stane partnerem USMCA a z\u00edsk\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed v\u00fdhody, ale ur\u010dit\u011b nebude jej\u00edm \u010dlenem. To, co Lond\u00fdn ztratil v Evrop\u011b, nebude hledat v Severn\u00ed Americe. Mo\u017en\u00fdm sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159em do budoucna je, \u017ee se Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed pokus\u00ed vytvo\u0159it vlastn\u00ed ekonomick\u00fd blok, m\u00edsto aby se pokusilo o blok st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed. Odm\u00edtav\u00fd postoj, kter\u00fd vl\u00e1da USA v t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce Spojen\u00e9mu kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed poskytla, v\u0161ak nebude p\u0159edstavovat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 naru\u0161en\u00ed politick\u00e9ho spojenectv\u00ed mezi ob\u011bma zem\u011bmi, bude jen malou t\u0159ec\u00ed plochou na pozad\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9ho strategick\u00e9ho partnerstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 z\u016fstane siln\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Lucas Leiroz<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"podcarou\">\n<p>Cl\u00e1nek vy\u0161el na\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/infobrics.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener\">BRICS Information Portal<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee Lond\u00fdn usiluje o dohodu, kter\u00e1 by nahradila evropsk\u00fd trh V sou\u010dasn\u00e9m sv\u011btov\u00e9m&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2758,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[29,303],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4987"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4987"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4987\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2758"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4987"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4987"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4987"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}