{"id":49742,"date":"2024-03-20T00:33:11","date_gmt":"2024-03-19T23:33:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=49742"},"modified":"2024-03-19T16:22:06","modified_gmt":"2024-03-19T15:22:06","slug":"pepe-escobar-vytvori-brics-v-roce-2024-novy-svet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/03\/20\/pepe-escobar-vytvori-brics-v-roce-2024-novy-svet\/","title":{"rendered":"Pepe Escobar: Vytvo\u0159\u00ed BRICS v roce 2024 nov\u00fd sv\u011bt?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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BRICS zdvojn\u00e1sobil sv\u00e9 \u010dlenstv\u00ed na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2024 a stoj\u00ed p\u0159ed obrovsk\u00fdmi \u00fakoly: integrace nov\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f, rozvoj budouc\u00edch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed pro p\u0159ijet\u00ed, prohlouben\u00ed z\u00e1klad\u016f instituce a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zaveden\u00ed mechanism\u016f k obch\u00e1zen\u00ed americk\u00e9ho dolaru v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch financ\u00edch.<\/strong><\/p>\n

MOSKVA \u2013 Na cel\u00e9m glob\u00e1ln\u00edm Jihu se zem\u011b stav\u00ed do fronty, aby se p\u0159ipojily k multipol\u00e1rn\u00ed skupin\u011b BRICS a slibuje budoucnost bez hegemonie.\u00a0Shon se stal nevyhnuteln\u00fdm t\u00e9matem diskus\u00ed v kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9m roce rusk\u00e9ho p\u0159edsednictv\u00ed BRICS-10.<\/p>\n

Indon\u00e9sie a Nig\u00e9rie pat\u0159\u00ed mezi p\u0159edn\u00ed kandid\u00e1ty na \u010dlenstv\u00ed.\u00a0Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro P\u00e1kist\u00e1n a Vietnam.\u00a0Mexiko se ocit\u00e1 ve slo\u017eit\u00e9m dilematu: jak se p\u0159ipojit, ani\u017e by utrp\u011bl hn\u011bv hegemona?<\/p>\n

A pak je tu nov\u00e1 kandid\u00e1tsk\u00e1 zem\u011b Jemen, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 silnou podporu Ruska, \u010c\u00edny a \u00cdr\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n

Bylo na nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm rusk\u00e9m \u0161erpovi BRICS, schopn\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bstku ministra zahrani\u010d\u00ed Sergeji Rjabkovovi, aby vysv\u011btlil, co se chyst\u00e1.\u00a0\u0158ekl agentu\u0159e TASS:<\/p>\n

Mus\u00edme poskytnout zem\u00edm, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed z\u00e1jem o sbl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed s BRICS, platformu, na kter\u00e9 mohou prakticky pracovat, ani\u017e by se c\u00edtily pozadu, a p\u0159ipojit se k tomuto rytmu spolupr\u00e1ce.\u00a0A rozhodnut\u00ed o dal\u0161\u00edm postupu by m\u011blo b\u00fdt odlo\u017eeno minim\u00e1ln\u011b do doby, ne\u017e se v Kazani sejdou hlavy st\u00e1t\u016f a vl\u00e1d, aby o n\u011bm rozhodli.<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed BRICS+ padne a\u017e na summitu v Kazani v \u0159\u00edjnu p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku.\u00a0Rjabkov zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee prvn\u00edm krokem je \u201eintegrace t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed ned\u00e1vno p\u0159i\u0161li\u201c.\u00a0To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u201ejako \u201ades\u00edtka\u2018 pracujeme p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm stejn\u011b efektivn\u011b, nebo je\u0161t\u011b l\u00e9pe, efektivn\u011bji ne\u017e v p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u201ap\u011btce\u2018.\u201c<\/p>\n

Teprve pak BRICS-10 \u201erozvine kategorii partnersk\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f\u201c, co\u017e v praxi znamen\u00e1 vytvo\u0159en\u00ed konsensu\u00e1ln\u00edho seznamu z des\u00edtek n\u00e1rod\u016f, kter\u00e9 doslova tou\u017e\u00ed vstoupit do klubu.<\/p>\n

Rjabkov opakovan\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u011b i soukrom\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee zdvojn\u00e1soben\u00ed po\u010dtu \u010dlen\u016f BRICS od 1. ledna 2024 je \u201ebezprecedentn\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed pro jakoukoli mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed strukturu\u201c.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed to snadn\u00fd \u00fakol, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Rjabkov:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Minul\u00fd rok n\u00e1m trvalo cel\u00fd rok, ne\u017e jsme vypracovali krit\u00e9ria pro p\u0159ijet\u00ed a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed na nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy.\u00a0Bylo tam vyvinuto mnoho rozumn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed.\u00a0A mnoh\u00e9 z toho, co bylo v t\u00e9 dob\u011b formulov\u00e1no, se odrazilo v seznamu zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159ipojily.\u00a0Bylo by ale asi nevhodn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky formalizovat.\u00a0V kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku je p\u0159ijet\u00ed do sdru\u017een\u00ed politick\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm.<\/em>
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\nCo bude d\u00e1l po rusk\u00fdch prezidentsk\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Na soukrom\u00e9m setk\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u011bkolika vybran\u00fdmi na okraj ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 multipol\u00e1rn\u00ed konference v Moskv\u011b ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed Sergej Lavrov chv\u00e1lil BRICS a vyzdvihl sv\u00e9 prot\u011bj\u0161ky Wang Yi z \u010c\u00edny a S. Jaishankar z Indie.<\/p>\n

Lavrov vkl\u00e1d\u00e1 velk\u00e9 nad\u011bje do leto\u0161n\u00edho setk\u00e1n\u00ed BRICS-10, z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee jde st\u00e1le o klub, kter\u00fd se mus\u00ed d\u00e1le institucion\u00e1ln\u011b rozv\u00edjet, nap\u0159\u00edklad jmenov\u00e1n\u00edm gener\u00e1ln\u00edho sekretari\u00e1tu, jako je tomu v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sp\u0159\u00edzn\u011bn\u00e9 Shanghai Cooperation Organization ( SCO ) p\u0159\u00edpad je.<\/p>\n

Rusk\u00e9 p\u0159edsednictv\u00ed bude m\u00edt v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch pln\u00e9 ruce pr\u00e1ce s \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm nejen geopolitick\u00e9ho spektra sou\u010dasn\u00fdch kriz\u00ed, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm geoekonomiky.\u00a0Na z\u00e1sadn\u00ed sch\u016fzce ministr\u016f v \u010dervnu, za pouh\u00e9 t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt stanoven podrobn\u00fd pl\u00e1n na summit v Kazani o \u010dty\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce pozd\u011bji.<\/p>\n

Ud\u00e1losti po rusk\u00fdch prezidentsk\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch tento t\u00fdden ovlivn\u00ed tak\u00e9 politiku BRICS.\u00a0Nov\u00e1 rusk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da slo\u017e\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsahu a\u017e za\u010d\u00e1tkem kv\u011btna.\u00a0V\u0161eobecn\u011b se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee na rusk\u00e9m ministerstvu financ\u00ed, centr\u00e1ln\u00ed bance, ministerstvu zahrani\u010d\u00ed a mezi hlavn\u00edmi poradci Kremlu nedojde k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Kontinuita bude normou.<\/p>\n

A to n\u00e1s p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed k nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed geoekonomick\u00e9 dokumentaci: BRICS jsou pr\u016fkopn\u00edky v obch\u00e1zen\u00ed americk\u00e9ho dolaru v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch financ\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Minul\u00fd t\u00fdden nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed poradce Kremlu Jurij U\u0161akov ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee BRICS bude pracovat na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho platebn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na digit\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bn\u00e1ch a blockchainu.<\/p>\n

Ushakov zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee \u201ebudou pou\u017eity nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1stroje, jako jsou digit\u00e1ln\u00ed technologie a blockchain.\u00a0Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee je to pohodln\u00e9, n\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00ed a bez politiky pro vl\u00e1dy, ob\u010dany a podniky.\u201c<\/p>\n

U\u0161akov to v\u00fdslovn\u011b nezm\u00ednil, ale nov\u00fd alternativn\u00ed syst\u00e9m ji\u017e existuje.\u00a0V sou\u010dasnosti jde o p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b st\u0159e\u017een\u00fd projekt v podob\u011b podrobn\u00e9 b\u00edl\u00e9 knihy, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e byla v\u011bdecky ov\u011b\u0159ena a obsahuje i odpov\u011bdi na mo\u017en\u00e9 \u010dasto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky.<\/p>\n

Cradle byl o syst\u00e9mu informov\u00e1n od lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u011bkolika setk\u00e1n\u00ed s malou skupinou sv\u011btov\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f na fintech.\u00a0Syst\u00e9m ji\u017e byl p\u0159edstaven samotn\u00e9mu Ushakovovi.\u00a0V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je bl\u00edzko k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed zelen\u00e9 od rusk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy.\u00a0Po s\u00e9rii test\u016f mohl b\u00fdt syst\u00e9m p\u0159edstaven v\u0161em \u010dlen\u016fm BRICS-10 p\u0159ed summitem v Kazani.<\/p>\n

To v\u0161e v kontextu U\u0161akova ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, \u017ee zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm \u00fakolem pro rok 2024 je pos\u00edlen\u00ed role BRICS v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm m\u011bnov\u00e9m a finan\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Ushakov p\u0159ipomn\u011bl, \u017ee v Johannesburgsk\u00e9 deklaraci 2023 se l\u00edd\u0159i BRICS zam\u011b\u0159ili na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed plateb v m\u00edstn\u00ed m\u011bn\u011b a pos\u00edlen\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed koresponden\u010dn\u00edho bankovnictv\u00ed.\u00a0C\u00edlem je \u201edal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed o podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch rezerv\u00e1ch, zejm\u00e9na s ohledem na pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00fdch m\u011bn ne\u017e americk\u00fd dolar\u201c.
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\nV dohledn\u00e9 dob\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 spole\u010dn\u00e1 m\u011bna<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

To v\u0161e r\u00e1muje naprosto kl\u00ed\u010dovou ot\u00e1zku, o kter\u00e9 se v sou\u010dasnosti diskutuje v Moskv\u011b v r\u00e1mci partnerstv\u00ed mezi Ruskem a \u010c\u00ednou a brzy tak\u00e9 mezi BRICS-10: alternativn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby platby k americk\u00e9mu dolaru, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 obchod mezi \u201esp\u0159\u00e1telen\u00fdmi n\u00e1rody a kontrola \u00faniku kapit\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n

Rjabkov p\u0159idal do debaty dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed prvky, kdy\u017e tento t\u00fdden prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee BRICS neprojedn\u00e1vaj\u00ed zaveden\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 m\u011bny:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jednotn\u00e1 m\u011bna, jako je ta, kterou vytvo\u0159ila Evropsk\u00e1 unie, je v dohledn\u00e9 dob\u011b jen st\u011b\u017e\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1.\u00a0Pokud mluv\u00edme o form\u00e1ch vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, jako je ECU [Evropsk\u00e1 m\u011bnov\u00e1 jednotka] v ran\u00e9 f\u00e1zi v\u00fdvoje Evropsk\u00e9 unie, p\u0159i absenci skute\u010dn\u00e9ho platebn\u00edho prost\u0159edku, ale s mo\u017enost\u00ed efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho vyu\u017eit\u00ed dostupn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f zem\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdm vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm, aby nedoch\u00e1zelo ke ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m z kurzov\u00fdch rozd\u00edl\u016f apod. pak je to podle m\u011b p\u0159esn\u011b cesta, kterou by se BRICS m\u011bl vydat.\u00a0To se v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b zkoum\u00e1.<\/em><\/p>\n

Podle Rjabkova by BRICS nem\u011bly vytv\u00e1\u0159et finan\u010dn\u00ed a m\u011bnov\u00e9 spojenectv\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e vytv\u00e1\u0159et platebn\u00ed a z\u00fa\u010dtovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 nebudou z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na nejist\u00e9m \u201emezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm \u0159\u00e1du zalo\u017een\u00e9m na pravidlech\u201c.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esn\u011b to je c\u00edlem my\u0161lenek a experiment\u016f, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e vypracoval ministr pro integraci a makroekonomii Euroasijsk\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 unie (EAEU), Sergej Glazyev, jak vysv\u011btlil v exkluzivn\u00edm rozhovoru, a tak\u00e9 nov\u00fd p\u0159elomov\u00fd projekt, kter\u00fdm je se chyst\u00e1 dostat zelenou od rusk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n

Rjabkov potvrdil, \u017ee \u201eskupina expert\u016f veden\u00e1 ministerstvy financ\u00ed a z\u00e1stupci centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch zem\u00ed [BRICS]\u201c na t\u00e9to dokumentaci pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b pracuje.\u00a0Krom\u011b toho existuj\u00ed \u201ekonzultace v jin\u00fdch form\u00e1tech, v\u010detn\u011b konzultac\u00ed s \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed z\u00e1stupc\u016f \u201ehistorick\u00e9ho Z\u00e1padu\u201c.<\/p>\n

Ryabkov\u016fv vlastn\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011br odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed to, o co BRICS jako celek usiluje:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mus\u00edme spolupracovat na v\u00fdvoji produktu, kter\u00fd je na jednu stranu velmi ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed (proto\u017ee v t\u00e9to oblasti nelze nad\u00e1le tolerovat dikt\u00e1t Z\u00e1padu), ale na druhou stranu realistick\u00fd a neopodstatn\u011bn\u00fd.\u00a0Jin\u00fdmi slovy, produkt, kter\u00fd je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd.\u00a0A to v\u0161e by m\u011blo b\u00fdt p\u0159edlo\u017eeno politik\u016fm v Kazani ke zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

Zkr\u00e1tka: velk\u00fdm pr\u016flomem by mohlo b\u00fdt doslova klep\u00e1n\u00ed na dve\u0159e BRICS.\u00a0V\u0161e, co pot\u0159ebuje, je zelen\u00e9 sv\u011btlo od rusk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed porovnejte BRICS, kter\u00fd na\u010drt\u00e1v\u00e1 obrysy nov\u00e9ho geoekonomick\u00e9ho paradigmatu, s kolektivn\u00edm Z\u00e1padem uva\u017euj\u00edc\u00edm o virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed kr\u00e1de\u017ei majetku zabaven\u00e9ho Ruskem ve prosp\u011bch \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry Ukrajiny.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho, \u017ee jde o de facto prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed USA a EU proti Rusku, m\u00e1 to potenci\u00e1l zcela zni\u010dit sou\u010dasn\u00fd glob\u00e1ln\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

Pokud by n\u011bkdy do\u0161lo ke kr\u00e1de\u017ei rusk\u00fdch aktiv, p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm dva kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 BRICS, \u010c\u00edna a Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd vliv, by byli m\u00edrn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno v mdloby.\u00a0Takov\u00fd krok Z\u00e1padu by zcela zni\u010dil koncept pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd teoreticky tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1klad glob\u00e1ln\u00edho finan\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Rusk\u00e1 reakce by byla tvrd\u00e1.\u00a0Rusk\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka by mohla rychle za\u017ealovat belgick\u00fd Euroclear, jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch z\u00fa\u010dtovac\u00edch a clearingov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, jeho\u017e \u00fa\u010dty obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed rusk\u00e9 rezervy byly zmrazeny, a zabavit jeho aktiva.<\/p>\n

A to nav\u00edc k zabaven\u00ed aktiv Euroclear v Rusku, kter\u00e1 dosahuj\u00ed zhruba 33 miliard eur.\u00a0Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee Euroclear dojde kapit\u00e1l, belgick\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka by musela odejmout licenci, co\u017e by vedlo k masivn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed krizi.<\/p>\n

Zm\u011bna paradigmatu<\/strong>: Z\u00e1padn\u00ed n\u00e1jezd proti syst\u00e9mu spravedliv\u00e9ho obchodu a finan\u010dn\u00edho vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed na glob\u00e1ln\u00edm jihu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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ZDROJ<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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