{"id":4837,"date":"2021-09-19T06:06:42","date_gmt":"2021-09-19T04:06:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=4837"},"modified":"2021-09-19T06:06:42","modified_gmt":"2021-09-19T04:06:42","slug":"zelezna-kopule-nac-ukrajinci-potrebuji-izraelsky-stit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2021\/09\/19\/zelezna-kopule-nac-ukrajinci-potrebuji-izraelsky-stit\/","title":{"rendered":"\u017delezn\u00e1 kopule. Na\u010d Ukrajinci pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed izraelsk\u00fd \u0161t\u00edt?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong>Tento syst\u00e9m protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany funguje ide\u00e1ln\u011b v bl\u00edzkov\u00fdchodn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, kde bojuje hlavn\u011b s p\u0159edpotopn\u00edmi raketami. Bude stejn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Port\u00e1l Politico\u00a0ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee se v americk\u00e9m Kongresu projedn\u00e1vaj\u00ed varianty dod\u00e1vek Ukrajin\u011b izraelsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany \u017delezn\u00e1 kopule (Iron Dome).<\/p>\n<p>V B\u00edl\u00e9m dom\u011b to nepotvrdili ani\u00a0nevyvr\u00e1tili. Mluv\u010d\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9 delegace v kontaktn\u00ed skupin\u011b pro Donbas Alexej Arestovi\u010d prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto syst\u00e9mu by bylo pro Ukrajinu v\u00fdznamnou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, nebude ale v\u0161el\u00e9kem.<\/p>\n<p>Na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b chr\u00e1n\u00ed Iron Dome Izraelce p\u0159ed Palestinci. Je jasn\u00e9, kdo budou t\u011bmi \u201ePalestinci\u201c, bude-li \u017delezn\u00e1 kopule dod\u00e1na Ukrajin\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Nebudeme h\u00e1dat, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry jsou podobn\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky re\u00e1ln\u00e9 a jak dlouho potrv\u00e1 paranoia kyjevsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. Rozebereme jen, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry bude rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed tohoto mohutn\u00e9ho izraelsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu opodstatn\u011bn\u00e9 na Ukrajin\u011b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ochrana vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny a hust\u011b obydlen\u00e9 oblasti<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ipomeneme, \u017ee v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je\u00a0\u017delezn\u00e1 kopule\u00a0jedn\u00edm z m\u00e1la syst\u00e9m\u016f protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany, kter\u00fd prok\u00e1zal vysokou efektivitu v re\u00e1ln\u00fdch bojov\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch masivn\u00edho pou\u017eit\u00ed ne\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch st\u0159el. Des\u00edtky a stovky odp\u00e1len\u00ed denn\u011b, likvidace (jak se tvrd\u00ed) p\u0159es 90 % c\u00edl\u016f a veden\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdch obrann\u00fdch operac\u00ed. Syst\u00e9m nejen\u017ee zaji\u0161\u0165uje ochranu jednotliv\u00fdch objekt\u016f, jako jsou vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny a elektr\u00e1rny, ale tak\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed skoro zaru\u010den\u00fd \u0161t\u00edt pro hust\u011b obydlen\u00e9 \u010dtvrt\u011b a \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Ne v\u0161echno je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b tak jednoduch\u00e9. \u017delezn\u00e1 kopule je dost efektivn\u00ed, pokud jde o pom\u011brn\u011b jednoduch\u00e9 c\u00edle, kter\u00e9 let\u00ed po klasick\u00fdch balistick\u00fdch trajektori\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad st\u0159ely, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed Palestinci, jsou podobn\u00e9 st\u0159el\u00e1m raketometu Grad. Podobn\u00e1 st\u0159ela s motorem na st\u0159eln\u00fd prach se odpaluje z odpalovac\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, vlastn\u011b z roury. St\u0159ela nab\u00edr\u00e1 rychlost, dokud funguje motor, a let\u00ed d\u00e1l setrva\u010dnost\u00ed podobn\u011b hozen\u00e9mu kameni. A proto, kdy\u017e radar syst\u00e9mu zachyt\u00ed takovou st\u0159elu, m\u016f\u017ee vypo\u010d\u00edtat jej\u00ed trajektorii a zni\u010dit ji \u201echytrou\u201c zachycovac\u00ed st\u0159elou. T\u011bch zachycovac\u00edch st\u0159el m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt odp\u00e1leno n\u011bkolik \u2013 pro jistotu. T\u00edm se zaru\u010duje likvidace nejen c\u00edle, ale i jeho v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch fragment\u016f. \u00dalomky ve vzduchu zlikvidovan\u00fdch st\u0159el mohou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b po\u0161kodit budovy na zemi, tyto \u0161kody jsou ale nesrovnateln\u00e9 s t\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 by mohly zp\u016fsobit st\u0159ely, kdyby sv\u016fj \u00fakol splnily.<\/p>\n<p>Iron Dome bude moci nejsp\u00ed\u0161e efektivn\u011b ni\u010dit tak\u00e9 oby\u010dejn\u00e9 voln\u011b padaj\u00edc\u00ed leteck\u00e9 pumy \u2013 trajektorie jejich letu se tak\u00e9 d\u00e1 p\u0159esn\u011b vypo\u010d\u00edtat.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S \u010d\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee dokonce i Iron Dome m\u00edt probl\u00e9my?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Je ale zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, jak bude p\u016fsobit hypotetick\u00e1 ukrajinsk\u00e1 \u017delezn\u00e1 kopule proti hypotetick\u00e9 agresi Ruska.<\/p>\n<p>Proti oby\u010dejn\u00fdm raketomet\u016fm bude tento komplex pom\u011brn\u011b efektivn\u00ed: Grady, Torn\u00e1da, Smer\u010de a Uragany dok\u00e1\u017ee sest\u0159elovat, podobn\u00e9 raketomety se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed oby\u010dejn\u011b proti nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm vojsk\u016fm v z\u00f3n\u011b p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho kontaktu a tak\u00e9 ve frontov\u00e9m p\u00e1smu. Ot\u00e1zka je, jestli je mo\u017en\u00e9 rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed obrann\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu na ochranu dost prot\u00e1hl\u00e9 frontov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ry. A tady je t\u0159eba br\u00e1t v \u00favahu tak\u00e9 velkou pravd\u011bpodobnost ztr\u00e1t v d\u016fsledku pr\u016flomy fronty pozemn\u00edmi silami nebo letectvem nep\u0159\u00edtele.<\/p>\n<p>Mimochodem o letectvu. Radioloka\u010dn\u00ed kontrola vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f a velitelsk\u00e9 nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed na n\u011b st\u0159el v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed etap\u011b ve spojen\u00ed se samonav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm st\u0159el v kone\u010dn\u00e9m st\u00e1diu letu zcela umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed st\u0159el Iron Dome proti letadl\u016fm, a dokonce i vrtuln\u00edk\u016fm. S\u00edla bojov\u00e9 hlavice zcela sta\u010d\u00ed k likvidaci, nebo alespo\u0148 po\u0161kozen\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho objektu. V\u00fdrobce komplexu tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee Iron Dome m\u016f\u017ee sest\u0159elovat letadla ve v\u00fd\u0161ce a\u017e 10 kilometr\u016f. Probl\u00e9m je ale v tom, \u017ee v bojov\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch to zat\u00edm nebylo ani jednou vyzkou\u0161eno.<\/p>\n<p>S neutralizac\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch leteck\u00fdch pum a ok\u0159\u00eddlen\u00fdch raket (t\u0159eba Ch-101 nebo 9M728) m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt Iron Dome probl\u00e9my, v\u017edy\u0165 se chovaj\u00ed docela jinak ne\u017e balistick\u00e9. Trajektorie jejich letu se nedaj\u00ed tak snadno vypo\u010d\u00edtat a mohou krom\u011b toho vykon\u00e1vat naprogramovan\u00e9 man\u00e9vry, kter\u00e9 budou m\u00e1st sledovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m komplexu a ma\u0159it nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed zachycovac\u00ed st\u0159ely. Komplex \u017delezn\u00e1 kopule samoz\u0159ejm\u011b dok\u00e1\u017ee podobn\u00e9 c\u00edle sest\u0159elit, jeho efektivita bude ale p\u0159itom ur\u010dit\u011b men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e proti palestinsk\u00fdm st\u0159el\u00e1m v Izraeli.<\/p>\n<p>Ve skute\u010dnosti ale bude m\u00edt probl\u00e9my i s balistick\u00fdmi raketami pokud jde nap\u0159\u00edklad o st\u0159elu 9M723 komplexu Iskander-M, kter\u00e1 se od oby\u010dejn\u00fdch st\u0159el stejn\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy li\u0161\u00ed stealth konfigurac\u00ed, co\u017e zna\u010dn\u011b komplikuje jej\u00ed zachycen\u00ed a nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed zachycovac\u00edch st\u0159el. Krom\u011b toho se daj\u00ed st\u0159ely Iskander\u016f \u0159\u00eddit v pr\u016fb\u011bhu cel\u00e9ho letu. M\u016f\u017eeme jen p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee \u017delezn\u00e1 kopule bude d\u00edky samonav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed zachycovac\u00ed st\u0159ele \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e t\u0159eba komplexy Patriot a dok\u00e1\u017ee sest\u0159elit ur\u010dit\u00e9 procento odp\u00e1len\u00fdch Iskander\u016f. Ukazatele ale budou ur\u010dit\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v dob\u011b izraelsko-palestinsk\u00e9ho konfliktu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Politika. A nic v\u00edc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Statistika obrany za pomoci \u017delezn\u00e9 kopule ukazuje, \u017ee tento syst\u00e9m m\u00e1 jistou hranici mo\u017enost\u00ed. Ta hranice je dost vysok\u00e1, je mo\u017en\u00e1 dokonce jednou z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch na sv\u011bt\u011b, ale existuje \u2013 a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed intenzity ost\u0159elov\u00e1n\u00ed znateln\u011b zvy\u0161uje po\u010det t\u011bch \u201epu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch m\u00ed\u010d\u016f\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee efektivita \u017delezn\u00e9 kopule proti siln\u00e9 pravideln\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 mnoho ot\u00e1zek. Stejn\u011b jako i cena jedn\u00e9 zachycovac\u00ed st\u0159ely. Ta cena nen\u00ed sice zn\u00e1m\u00e1, m\u00e9dia ji ale odhaduj\u00ed na 40 000 a\u017e 100 000 dolar\u016f (v\u0161imn\u011bte si toho rozmez\u00ed).<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i v\u0161\u00edm respektu z hlediska finan\u010dn\u00edho Ukrajina nen\u00ed Izrael. Zna\u010dn\u011b zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 za \u017eidovsk\u00fdm st\u00e1tem, pokud jde o solventnost, zato ho zna\u010dn\u011b p\u0159edstihuje rozlohou. Izraeli sta\u010d\u00ed pen\u00edze a komplexy k tomu, aby ochr\u00e1nil sv\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed. Ukrajin\u011b ale sta\u010dit nebudou.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto dv\u011b skute\u010dnosti p\u0159e\u0159azuj\u00ed zpr\u00e1vu o eventu\u00e1ln\u00edch dod\u00e1vk\u00e1ch Ukrajin\u011b dvou (jenom dvou) syst\u00e9m\u016f \u017delezn\u00e1 kopule z rubriky arm\u00e1da a zbran\u011b do rubriky politika. Nic v\u00edc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dmitrij Korn\u011bv<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Israel\u2019s Iron Dome Works | WSJ\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_eSZaCHXBVA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cz.sputniknews.com\/20210918\/zelezna-kopule-nac-ukrajinci-potrebuji-izraelsky-stit-15872457.html\">ZDROJ<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tento syst\u00e9m protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany funguje ide\u00e1ln\u011b v bl\u00edzkov\u00fdchodn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, kde bojuje hlavn\u011b s p\u0159edpotopn\u00edmi raketami&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4838,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[107,26],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4837"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4837"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4837\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4838"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}