{"id":45624,"date":"2024-01-26T00:38:52","date_gmt":"2024-01-25T23:38:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=45624"},"modified":"2024-01-25T18:10:03","modified_gmt":"2024-01-25T17:10:03","slug":"skutecna-ekonomicka-expertka-ivana-turkova-bilion-kc-rocne-pryc-penize-na-duchody-vim-kde-jsou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/01\/26\/skutecna-ekonomicka-expertka-ivana-turkova-bilion-kc-rocne-pryc-penize-na-duchody-vim-kde-jsou\/","title":{"rendered":"Skute\u010dn\u00e1 ekonomick\u00e1 expertka Ivana Turkov\u00e1: Bilion K\u010d ro\u010dn\u011b pry\u010d. Pen\u00edze na d\u016fchody? V\u00edm, kde jsou"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Podle francouzsk\u00e9ho ekonoma Thomase Pikettyho odch\u00e1z\u00ed z na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b na dividend\u00e1ch a p\u0159efakturac\u00edch a\u017e 1 bilion K\u010d, upozor\u0148uje ekonomka a konzultantka Ivana Turkov\u00e1. Jako expertka strany PRO odm\u00edt\u00e1 tezi, \u017ee neexistuje n\u00e1rok na d\u016fchod.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u201eNejsme ekonomicky v situaci, kdy m\u016f\u017eeme pom\u00e1hat druh\u00fdm a nemyslet na sebe. Pomohli jsme Ukrajinc\u016fm a st\u00e1lo n\u00e1s to 45 miliard, americk\u00e9mu zbrojn\u00edmu pr\u016fmyslu jsme pomohli s jejich F-35 za v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 miliard a k tomu v dal\u0161\u00edch stovk\u00e1ch miliard mus\u00edme vybudovat infrastrukturu, zv\u00fd\u0161ili jsme v\u00fddaje na obranu o dal\u0161\u00edch 75 miliard, tak\u017ee celkov\u011b vyd\u00e1me 160 miliard,\u201c ost\u0159e nesouhlas\u00ed ekonomka Turkov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Pan\u00ed doktorko, jste ekonomka, krom\u011b podnikov\u00fdch financ\u00ed se zab\u00fdv\u00e1te i soci\u00e1ln\u00ed politikou.\u00a0Ve stran\u011b PRO jste garantem \u010dty\u0159 oblast\u00ed a p\u0159ipravila jste da\u0148ovou, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed, rodinnou a hlavn\u011b d\u016fchodovou reformu.<\/strong> Jak na v\u00e1s p\u016fsob\u00ed teze ekonoma Luk\u00e1\u0161e Kovandy, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1 m\u00edt n\u00e1rok jen na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed d\u016fchodov\u00e9 zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, aby neskon\u010dil \u201epod mostem a v b\u00edd\u011b\u201c?<\/p>\n

\u017de i mistr tesa\u0159 se n\u011bkdy utne nebo je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdsti\u017en\u011bji: \u0160ev\u010de, dr\u017e se sv\u00e9ho bankovn\u00edho kopyta. Oba jsme ekonomov\u00e9, oba se v\u0161ak zab\u00fdv\u00e1me jin\u00fdmi oblastmi a je dobr\u00e9 se jich dr\u017eet, nebo\u0165 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed problematika a obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fchodov\u00fd syst\u00e9m je velice slo\u017eit\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost.\u00a0Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi n\u00e1mi dv\u011bma je ten, \u017ee nejsem absolvent Aspen Institutu.<\/strong>\u00a0V n\u011bkter\u00fdch ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch samoz\u0159ejm\u011b s bankovn\u00edm analytikem Trinity Bank panem Kovandou souhlas\u00edm, proto\u017ee maj\u00ed v\u011bcn\u00fd a racion\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1klad, nap\u0159. nyn\u00ed s jeho negativn\u00edm postojem v\u016f\u010di diskutovan\u00e9mu nesmysln\u00e9mu p\u0159ijet\u00ed eura v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Na tezi pana Kovandy, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1 m\u00edt n\u00e1rok jen na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed d\u016fchodov\u00e9 zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, ale mohu reagovat jen cynick\u00fdm ekonomick\u00fdm \u00fasm\u011bvem.<\/p>\n

Tento liber\u00e1ln\u00ed ideologick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k d\u016fchodov\u00e9mu zabezpe\u010den\u00ed se dnes v praxi nikde prakticky nerealizuje. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed pro n\u00e1s, nane\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed pro Kovandu.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Co se mi ale zcela p\u0159\u00ed\u010d\u00ed, je dal\u0161\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed pana Kovandy, cituji: \u201eMus\u00edme odstranit p\u0159edstavu, \u017ee d\u016fchod je n\u011bco, na co m\u00e1me v\u0161ichni n\u00e1rok.\u201c Jestli\u017ee jsem p\u0159edchoz\u00ed vy\u0159\u010den\u00e9 taktn\u011b ozna\u010dila za liber\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup, tak toto u\u017e je za hranou oby\u010dejn\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 slu\u0161nosti a neb\u00e1la bych se \u0159\u00edct i sou\u010dasn\u00e9 politicko-spole\u010densk\u00e9 hlouposti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Je toti\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e nutn\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit skute\u010dnost, \u017ee d\u016fchodci nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 \u0161kodn\u00e1. Jejich \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 je prakticky ekonomickou vizitkou st\u00e1tu \u2013 pod\u00edvejme se nap\u0159\u00edklad na N\u011bmecko. D\u016fchodci toti\u017e nedost\u00e1vaj\u00ed od vl\u00e1dy \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nen\u00e1rokovateln\u00e9 pen\u00edze, ani milodary. Takov\u00fd narativ si toti\u017e zvykla politick\u00e1 garnitura posledn\u00ed des\u00edtky let zneu\u017e\u00edvat pro sv\u016fj prosp\u011bch. Jsou to finance ob\u010dan\u016f, kter\u00e9 st\u00e1tu za 40 let odvedli, aby s nimi st\u00e1t hospoda\u0159il nebo je\u0161t\u011b l\u00e9pe,\u00a0aby je zhodnotil a nyn\u00ed s odlo\u017eenou dobou si d\u016fchodci sv\u00e9 pen\u00edze vyb\u00edraj\u00ed zp\u011bt.\u00a0<\/strong>Tolik vysv\u011btlen\u00ed nejen pro \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e, ale tak\u00e9 pro pana Kovandu, nebo\u0165 m\u00e1me na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00fd d\u016fchodov\u00fd syst\u00e9m jako v\u011bt\u0161ina civilizovan\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Kritizoval, \u017ee \u010ce\u0161i covidov\u00e9 \u00faspory rozpou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed v nemovitostech a v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 spot\u0159eb\u011b m\u00edsto investov\u00e1n\u00ed na tuzemsk\u00e9 burze, kde by mohli poskytnout sv\u00e9 pen\u00edze firm\u00e1m, a tak je l\u00e9pe zhodnotit. Lid\u00e9 maj\u00ed investovat agresivn\u011b do akci\u00ed, navzdory rizikovosti takov\u00fdch produkt\u016f. Kdo chce m\u00edt d\u016fstojn\u00e9 st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, mus\u00ed si spo\u0159it od ran\u00e9ho v\u011bku.<\/p>\n

Pro spoustu lid\u00ed i mlad\u00fdch rodin je spo\u0159en\u00ed na penzi luxusn\u00edm statkem, na kter\u00fd prost\u011b nemaj\u00ed. Po dvou letech p\u0159ivedla tato vl\u00e1da milion lid\u00ed na pokraj chudoby a dal\u0161\u00ed dva miliony lid\u00ed se k t\u00e9to hranici velice rychle p\u0159ibli\u017euj\u00ed. Pominu-li fakt, \u017ee u dlouhodob\u00e9ho spo\u0159en\u00ed je zhodnocen\u00ed pen\u011bz velmi n\u00edzk\u00e9, a to i v dob\u00e1ch n\u00edzk\u00e9 inflace.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 jsou velice konzervativn\u00ed a v dne\u0161n\u00ed nejist\u00e9 dob\u011b rad\u011bji vlo\u017e\u00ed pen\u00edze do drah\u00fdch nemovitost\u00ed ne\u017e do podnik\u016f, u kter\u00fdch nen\u00ed jist\u00e9, \u017ee p\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed diletantsk\u00e9 veden\u00ed tohoto st\u00e1tu p\u011btikoalic\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Spousta na\u0161ich spoluob\u010dan\u016f m\u00e1 d\u00edky sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu veden\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b z\u00e1sadn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed probl\u00e9m i s investic\u00ed do n\u00e1kupu pra\u010dky a budou si kupovat akcie, to je \u017eert? Drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina podnik\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dluhov\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm bank nebo jin\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed. Kapit\u00e1lov\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed s vyu\u017eit\u00edm emise akci\u00ed nen\u00ed v na\u0161ich podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 ani na stran\u011b podnik\u016f, nato\u017e aby k tomu byla ochota ze strany ob\u010dan\u016f.<\/p>\n

Abychom byli poctiv\u00ed, pan Kovanda vol\u00e1 i po sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edho soci\u00e1ln\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. V \u010dem to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt cesta?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Podle m\u011b v ni\u010dem. Pokud by st\u00e1t garantoval pouze, \u0159ekn\u011bme, hol\u00fd z\u00e1klad d\u016fchodu bez z\u00e1sluhov\u00e9 slo\u017eky, byl by to ekonomick\u00fd i soci\u00e1ln\u011b politick\u00fd nesmysl. Jak by se st\u00e1t vypo\u0159\u00e1dal s t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed platili vysok\u00e9 pojistn\u00e9 a maj\u00ed p\u011bt let do d\u016fchodu nebo deset let nebo rok. Nav\u00edc je naivn\u00ed si myslet, \u017ee si v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed za \u017eivot obstar\u00e1 d\u016fstojn\u00fd d\u016fchod dobrovoln\u011b. Nezapom\u00ednejme na to, \u017ee jsme po\u0159\u00e1d je\u0161t\u011b soci\u00e1ln\u00edm st\u00e1tem a nechceme na ka\u017ed\u00e9m rohu bezdomovce. Podstatn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st lid\u00ed by to nezvl\u00e1dla a st\u00e1t, resp. my da\u0148ov\u00ed poplatn\u00edci, bychom museli stejn\u011b financovat alespo\u0148 \u00farove\u0148 jejich \u017eivotn\u00edho minima. Nem\u016f\u017eete argumentovat t\u00edm, nespo\u0159il sis, tak \u201epod most\u201c. A z \u010deho tak\u00e9 mnohdy spo\u0159it, \u017ee?<\/p>\n

Pokud nechceme zvy\u0161ovat dan\u011b, tak mus\u00edme dostat do d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu v\u00edce pen\u011bz. V r\u00e1mci na\u0161\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00e9 reformy strany PRO se ur\u010dit\u011b nejedn\u00e1 o zvednut\u00ed dan\u011b fyzick\u00fdm \u010di pr\u00e1vnick\u00fdm osob\u00e1m, sp\u00ed\u0161e naopak, sjednot\u00edme a sn\u00ed\u017e\u00edme je na stejnou \u00farove\u0148. Ale v r\u00e1mci spravedliv\u00e9 da\u0148ov\u00e9 soustavy zavedeme sektorovou bankovn\u00ed da\u0148, dorovn\u00e1vac\u00ed a digit\u00e1ln\u00ed da\u0148, nebo\u0165 jsme p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee v\u0161ichni, kte\u0159\u00ed v \u010cR podnikaj\u00ed a vyd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed, musej\u00ed spravedliv\u011b odv\u00e1d\u011bt dan\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0Strana PRO jasn\u011b zast\u00e1v\u00e1 sektorovou bankovn\u00ed\u00a0da\u0148 z objemu aktiv,<\/strong>\u00a0nikoliv ze zisku, se kter\u00fdm se d\u00e1 manipulovat a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dluhopis\u016f vyv\u00e9st do zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Mimochodem, pan elektrospecialista Stanjura nap\u0159\u00edklad predikoval, \u017ee vybere z windfall tax 33 miliard korun a ve fin\u00e1le do statn\u00ed kasy z\u00edskal od v\u0161ech bank pouze 730 milion\u016f korun.\u00a0Za takovou \u201eperfektn\u00ed\u201c pr\u00e1ci by m\u011bl na ministerstvu u\u017e sed\u011bt maxim\u00e1ln\u011b na recepci.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Jak hodnot\u00edte opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 Jure\u010dka ozna\u010dil za \u201ed\u016fchodovou reformu\u201c? \u010cili zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u011bku odchodu do d\u016fchodu a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry penze pro p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed d\u016fchodce.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u016fbec nech\u00e1pu, kde vzal pan zem\u011bd\u011blec Jure\u010dka tu drzost, naz\u00fdvat dokument, kter\u00fd p\u0159edlo\u017eili, d\u016fchodovou reformou. Jedn\u00e1 se o pouhou parametrickou zm\u011bnu sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho \u0161patn\u011b funguj\u00edc\u00edho syst\u00e9mu bez mezigenera\u010dn\u00ed vazby a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 n\u00e1vaznosti na prorodinnou politiku. Odborn\u00edci jasn\u011b tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it v\u011bk odchodu do d\u016fchodu nad 65 let, nevydr\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 zdravotn\u00ed syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0Kdyby byla vl\u00e1da schopna zajistit dostate\u010dn\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd r\u016fst, a ne zemi poslat 5 let zp\u011bt, kdy jsme jako jedin\u00e1 zem\u011b EU nedos\u00e1hli ani na \u00farove\u0148 HDP z roku 2019, kdyby p\u011btikoalice dok\u00e1zala \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdmi protiinfla\u010dn\u00edmi kroky udr\u017eet inflaci na hodnot\u00e1ch jako v civilizovan\u00e9 Evrop\u011b,\u00a0nikoliv \u017ee se n\u00e1m dostala kumulovan\u011b za dva roky jejich vl\u00e1dy tak\u0159ka k t\u0159iceti procent\u016fm, tak by nemuseli \u0159e\u0161it valorizaci, ani sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

A co v\u00edce, pan\u00ed Pekarov\u00e1 Adamov\u00e1 pak je\u0161t\u011b prohl\u00e1sila, \u017ee o penzisty je postar\u00e1no, \u017ee jim rekordn\u011b rostou d\u016fchody. Nev\u00edm, jestli t\u00edm mysl\u00ed t\u011bch 360 korun nav\u00edc m\u00edsto tis\u00edcovky. V relaci pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu k pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 mzd\u011b je \u010cesk\u00e1 republika se sv\u00fdmi 73 % hluboce pod pr\u016fm\u011brem EU, nap\u0159. v Ma\u010farsku a Rakousku je to 94 %.<\/p>\n

On ten \u010dist\u011b st\u00e1tn\u00ed d\u016fchodov\u00fd pil\u00ed\u0159 nevypad\u00e1 moc \u017eivotaschopn\u011b: D\u016fchodc\u016f bude v\u00edce, pracuj\u00edc\u00edch m\u00e9n\u011b. Kdybychom spol\u00e9hali \u010dist\u011b na n\u011bj, neznamenalo by to v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed na\u0161eho st\u00e1tn\u00edho soci\u00e1ln\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed? Jinak dle ekonom\u016f nebude udr\u017eiteln\u00fd.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00fd d\u016fchodov\u00fd syst\u00e9m je postaven u\u017e jen na dvou pil\u00ed\u0159\u00edch \u2013 pojistn\u00e9m a dobrovoln\u00e9m spo\u0159en\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f a je logick\u00e9, \u017ee v t\u00e9to situaci nep\u0159e\u010dk\u00e1 rok 2030, kdy odejdou velice siln\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00edky, tzv. Hus\u00e1kov\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed do d\u016fchodu.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 zvy\u0161ovat sou\u010dasn\u00e9 odvody soci\u00e1ln\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016fm, pokud zajist\u00edte dodate\u010dn\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 vl\u00e1da bohu\u017eel nem\u00e1 pon\u011bt\u00ed o tom, co je d\u016fchodov\u00e1 reforma, proto ne\u010dekejme, \u017ee by tuto situaci zvl\u00e1dla. Zde se mus\u00ed zm\u011bnit vl\u00e1dn\u00ed garnitura, aby mohlo doj\u00edt k pozitivn\u00ed zm\u011bn\u011b.<\/p>\n

My jsme p\u0159ipraveni p\u0159evz\u00edt odpov\u011bdnost za proveden\u00ed d\u016fchodov\u00e9 reformy.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Tento text byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00a0na Parlamentn\u00edch listech<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Podle francouzsk\u00e9ho ekonoma Thomase Pikettyho odch\u00e1z\u00ed z na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b na dividend\u00e1ch a p\u0159efakturac\u00edch a\u017e 1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":45625,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1042,998,59,2663,5031],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45624"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45624"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45624\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45625"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}