{"id":44051,"date":"2024-01-06T06:29:25","date_gmt":"2024-01-06T05:29:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=44051"},"modified":"2024-01-06T06:29:25","modified_gmt":"2024-01-06T05:29:25","slug":"usa-si-daly-vanocni-darek-rozsirily-sve-uzemi-o-1-milion-km2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2024\/01\/06\/usa-si-daly-vanocni-darek-rozsirily-sve-uzemi-o-1-milion-km2\/","title":{"rendered":"USA si daly v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed d\u00e1rek. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily sv\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed o 1 milion km2"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Americk\u00e9 ministerstvo zahrani\u010d\u00ed\u00a0ozn\u00e1milo<\/a> roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161elfu Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v Arktid\u011b a Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i na plochu asi 1 milionu kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Minul\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc, kdy\u017e se Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty teprve p\u0159ipravovaly na v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00e1tky, si nad\u011blily d\u00e1rek s p\u0159edstihem: asi milion kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho dna (oblast srovnateln\u00e1 se st\u00e1tem Texas plus Nov\u00e9 Mexiko).\u00a0Washington toto \u00fazem\u00ed nazval roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161elfu. Podle mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konvence se v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u00e1 ekonomick\u00e1 z\u00f3na zem\u011b rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 200 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch mil (370,4 kilometr\u016f) od pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201cKontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161elf je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm pevninsk\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed zem\u011b pod vodou. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty maj\u00ed v souladu s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem pr\u00e1vo chr\u00e1nit a spravovat zdroje a \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b,\u201d\u00a0<\/em>uv\u00e1d\u00ed americk\u00e9 ministerstvo zahrani\u010d\u00ed v prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed citovan\u00e9m agenturou\u00a0Bloomberg<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Takzvan\u00fd roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161elf podle publikace zauj\u00edm\u00e1 oblast p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v Arktid\u011b a Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i, co\u017e je oblast rostouc\u00edho strategick\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu, kterou si n\u00e1rokuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 Kanada a Rusko.<\/p>\n

USA tak cht\u011bj\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm \u0161elfu z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup k nerost\u016fm pro v\u00fdrobu bateri\u00ed pro elektromobily.\u00a0Jsou tam tak\u00e9 ropn\u00e1 a plynov\u00e1 pole, p\u00ed\u0161e se v \u010dl\u00e1nku.\u00a0Uv\u00e1d\u00ed RIA Novosti<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 deklaruj\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161elfu nad 200 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch mil, jednaj\u00ed bez jak\u00e9hokoli mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho z\u00e1kladu, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo nov\u00e9 hranice neuznat. Tento n\u00e1zor\u00a0vyj\u00e1d\u0159il<\/a>\u00a0m\u00edstop\u0159edseda Rady federace Konstantin Kosa\u010dev na sv\u00e9m kan\u00e1lu Telegram.<\/p>\n

Kosa\u010dev komentoval nov\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed mapy, kter\u00e9 zve\u0159ejnil Washington. Z nich vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161elf zem\u011b nyn\u00ed za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 za p\u0159ed\u011blem 200 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch mil od pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed v Arktid\u011b, Atlantiku, Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i, Tich\u00e9m oce\u00e1nu, dvou \u010d\u00e1stech Mexick\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu a u Mariansk\u00fdch ostrov\u016f. V tomto ohledu maj\u00ed Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty \u00fazemn\u00ed spor s Kanadou a Japonskem, poznamenal Kosa\u010dev.<\/p>\n

Vysv\u011btlil, \u017ee p\u0159i zd\u016fvod\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ministerstvo zahrani\u010d\u00ed USA citovalo \u00damluvu OSN o mo\u0159sk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu z roku 1982 jako z\u00e1klad pro roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed \u0161elfu. Washington ji v\u0161ak dosud neratifikoval. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty nav\u00edc neprok\u00e1zaly pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed pevniny pod vodou d\u00e1le ne\u017e 200 mil od z\u00e1kladn\u00edch lini\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jak \u0159ekl Kosa\u010dev, dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b, jako je Rusko, Kanada a D\u00e1nsko, na rozd\u00edl od Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, zaslaly Komisi OSN pro hranice kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161elfu \u017e\u00e1dosti o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed hranic a \u201e\u010dekaj\u00ed roky\u201c na p\u0159ezkum sv\u00fdch n\u00e1rok\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u201eRusko jako odpov\u011bdn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk \u00famluvy pln\u011b dodr\u017euje jej\u00ed ustanoven\u00ed,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0zd\u016fraznil Kosa\u010dev.<\/p>\n

ZDROJ<\/a><\/p>\n

Rozloha samotn\u00fdch USA je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 10 milion\u016f km2.\u00a0Jejich nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u201ekontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed\u201c st\u00e1t\u00a0Texas\u00a0m\u00e1 rozlohu 0,7 milionu km2.<\/p>\n

Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty si tak b\u011bhem jednoho dne p\u0159isvojily oblast rovnaj\u00edc\u00ed se 10 % cel\u00e9 jejich rozlohy, tedy 1,5 Texasu.\u00a0 Nav\u00edc to ud\u011blaly\u00a0sv\u00fdm vlastn\u00edm na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm<\/strong>, ani\u017e by se kohokoli zeptaly.<\/p>\n

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Jak p\u0159ij\u00edt k takov\u00e9mu bonusu?<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n

Faktem je, \u017ee v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm pr\u00e1vu existuje klauzule, kterou zem\u011b aktivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b Ruska.<\/p>\n

T\u00fdk\u00e1 se kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161elfu. \u0160elf je p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm kontinentu pod vodou.\u00a0A v souladu s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem se m\u00e1 za to, \u017ee \u0161elf pat\u0159\u00ed zemi, kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed i samotn\u00e9 pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pravidlo je logick\u00e9 a opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9. Pravda, d\u0159\u00edve to nikdo po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nevyu\u017e\u00edval. Alespo\u0148 ne v Arktid\u011b.<\/p>\n

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Koneckonc\u016f, kdo pot\u0159ebuje kousek dna Severn\u00edho ledov\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu?<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n

Doba a technologie se v\u0161ak m\u011bn\u00ed.\u00a0Dnes se lidstvo ji\u017e nau\u010dilo t\u011b\u017eit p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje z kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161elfu. Nav\u00edc se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee je tam ulo\u017eeno t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u011b v\u00edce zdroj\u016f, ne\u017e zb\u00fdv\u00e1 na zbytku planety (ropa, plyn, kovy atd.)<\/p>\n

Zem\u011b si tedy za\u010daly n\u00e1rokovat sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na \u0161elf v r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech Arktidy.\u00a0A nejen tam.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00ed, \u017ee Krym se 18. b\u0159ezna 2014 p\u0159ipojil k Rusku.\u00a0M\u00e1lokdo v\u0161ak v\u00ed, \u017ee 3 dny p\u0159ed t\u00edm, 15. b\u0159ezna 2014, OSN potvrdila rusk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161elf v Ochotsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho je plocha Krymu\u00a027 tis\u00edc km2\u00a0a plocha \u0161elfu v Ochotsk\u00e9m mo\u0159i (s bohat\u00fdmi z\u00e1sobami ropy) je\u00a052 tis\u00edc km2, tedy 2kr\u00e1t v\u00edce.<\/p>\n

Rusko tak\u00e9 prok\u00e1zalo sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na Lomonosov\u016fv h\u0159bet a Mend\u011blejev\u016fv v\u00fdstupek \u2013 to jsou obrovsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti dna Severn\u00edho ledov\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n

Aby v\u0161ak Rusko dok\u00e1zalo sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na \u0161elf, poslalo do hlubin batyskafy, kter\u00e9 studovaly geologii dna. Pracovaly na tom stovky a tis\u00edce in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f a geolog\u016f. Pot\u00e9 byla data p\u0159ed\u00e1na speci\u00e1ln\u00ed komisi OSN k posouzen\u00ed\u2026<\/p>\n

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Co ud\u011blaly USA?<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n

Jednodu\u0161e \u0159ekly: tady m\u00e1me Alja\u0161ku.\u00a0A vedle n\u00ed je oce\u00e1n.\u00a0V\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee 1 milion km2 tohoto dna oce\u00e1nu tvo\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161elf. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 posouzen\u00ed komise OSN.\u00a0Pro Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty sta\u010d\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka.<\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmalo by m\u011b, kdyby Rusko jen tak jednodu\u0161e vyhl\u00e1silo sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na n\u011bkter\u00e1 mo\u0159e a oce\u00e1ny, jak by protestoval Z\u00e1pad?\u00a0Ale jak jsme ji\u017e vid\u011bli mnohokr\u00e1t, oni mohou d\u011blat cokoliv.<\/p>\n

ZDROJ<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Americk\u00e9 ministerstvo zahrani\u010d\u00ed\u00a0ozn\u00e1milo roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161elfu Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v Arktid\u011b a Beringov\u011b mo\u0159i na plochu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":22651,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[2130,276,37,2303],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44051"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44051"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44051\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22651"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44051"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44051"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44051"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}