{"id":42727,"date":"2023-12-17T00:40:13","date_gmt":"2023-12-16T23:40:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=42727"},"modified":"2023-12-16T18:17:38","modified_gmt":"2023-12-16T17:17:38","slug":"globalni-ekonomika-ohrozena-protoze-izraelska-valka-v-gaze-ovlivnuje-lodni-dopravu-v-rudem-mori","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/12\/17\/globalni-ekonomika-ohrozena-protoze-izraelska-valka-v-gaze-ovlivnuje-lodni-dopravu-v-rudem-mori\/","title":{"rendered":"Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomika ohro\u017eena, proto\u017ee izraelsk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka v Gaze ovliv\u0148uje lodn\u00ed dopravu v Rud\u00e9m mo\u0159i"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Velitel\u00e9 lodn\u00ed dopravy a logistiky A.P. Moller-Maersk, Hapag-Lloyd a MSC zabr\u00e1nili sv\u00fdm lod\u00edm vplout do ji\u017en\u00edho vstupu do Rud\u00e9ho mo\u0159e pot\u00e9, co jejich plavidla byla napadena jemensk\u00fdmi H\u00fas\u00edy (Ansar Allah) v reakci na izraelskou v\u00e1lku a blok\u00e1du palestinsk\u00e9ho p\u00e1sma Gazy.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Maersk a Hapag-Lloyd oba ozn\u00e1mili sv\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed zastavit lodn\u00ed operace v ji\u017en\u00edm Rud\u00e9m mo\u0159i 15. prosince.<\/span><\/p>\n

V prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed Maersk uvedl, \u017ee jeho rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed po t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ne\u00fasp\u011bchu, kter\u00fd se t\u00fdkal jeho lodi Maersk Gibraltar 14. prosince a dal\u0161\u00edho \u00fatoku na kontejnerov\u00e9 plavidlo n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho dne. Spole\u010dnost na\u0159\u00eddila v\u0161em plavidl\u016fm Maersk v oblasti, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla proplout \u00fa\u017einou Bab el-Mandeb, aby pozastavila svou cestu a\u017e do odvol\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Jsme hluboce znepokojeni vysoce eskalovanou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed situac\u00ed v ji\u017en\u00edm Rud\u00e9m mo\u0159i a Adensk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu,“ uvedl Maersk v prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed. „Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00fatoky na komer\u010dn\u00ed plavidla v t\u00e9to oblasti jsou alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed a p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u00fdznamnou hrozbu pro bezpe\u010dnost a ochranu n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk\u016f.“<\/em><\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm mluv\u010d\u00ed Hapag-Lloyd Nils Haupt 15. prosince \u0159ekl, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 lod\u011b spole\u010dnosti byly po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1ny, aby se zastavily a pluly mimo \u00fa\u017einu, \u00fazk\u00fd \u00fasek vody, kter\u00fd spojuje Indick\u00fd oce\u00e1n s Rud\u00fdm mo\u0159em. Je to tak\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd pr\u016fchod, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje lod\u00edm cestovat do egyptsk\u00e9ho Suezsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fplavu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hapagova lo\u010f Al Jasrah byla podle Haupta zasa\u017eena nezn\u00e1m\u00fdm objektem d\u0159\u00edve b\u011bhem dne, kdy\u017e cestovala \u00fa\u017einou.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Je to velmi znepokojuj\u00edc\u00ed, proto\u017ee lod\u011b m\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed do Suezu mus\u00ed proplout \u00fa\u017einou,“ \u0159ekl Haupt. „Zastavujeme n\u011bkter\u00e9 lod\u011b, ale zat\u00edm neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 obecn\u00e9 pravidlo, i kdy\u017e se to m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit.“<\/em><\/p>\n

MSC, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fd lodn\u00ed dopravce, se k t\u011bmto dv\u011bma p\u0159ipojil 16. prosince a ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee jeho plavidla ji\u017e nebudou proplouvat Suezsk\u00fdm pr\u016fplavem pot\u00e9, co byla jeho kontejnerov\u00e1 lo\u010f MSC PALATIUM III napadena o den d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159i proplouv\u00e1n\u00ed Rud\u00fdm mo\u0159em pod \u0161ir\u00fdm nebem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eKv\u016fli tomuto incidentu a kv\u016fli ochran\u011b \u017eivot\u016f a bezpe\u010dnosti na\u0161ich n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk\u016f, dokud nebude pr\u016fchod Rud\u00fdm mo\u0159em bezpe\u010dn\u00fd, lod\u011b MSC neprojedou Suezsk\u00fdm pr\u016fplavem na v\u00fdchod a z\u00e1pad. Ji\u017e nyn\u00ed budou n\u011bkter\u00e9 slu\u017eby p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1ny tak, aby \u0161ly p\u0159es Mys Dobr\u00e9 nad\u011bje,\u201c uvedla MSC v upozorn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

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Spole\u010dnost vysv\u011btlila, \u017ee nov\u00e1 trasa ovlivn\u00ed plavebn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dy o n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed pro plavidla zarezervovan\u00e1 pro Suezsk\u00fd tranzit.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eZa t\u011bchto v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed v\u00e1s \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1me o pochopen\u00ed,\u201c pokra\u010dovalo upozorn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00fas\u00edov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed ovl\u00e1daj\u00ed velkou \u010d\u00e1st jemensk\u00e9ho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Rud\u00e9ho mo\u0159e, jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed takzvan\u00e9 Osy odporu, kterou podporuje \u00cdr\u00e1n a stav\u00ed se proti Izraeli. Od vypuknut\u00ed v\u00e1lky v Gaze skupina vyp\u00e1lila n\u011bkolik raket a dron\u016f na nejji\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed izraelsk\u00e9 m\u011bsto Ejlat. Napadl tak\u00e9 \u0159adu izraelsk\u00fdch lod\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Za\u010d\u00e1tkem tohoto m\u011bs\u00edce H\u00fas\u00edov\u00e9 ozn\u00e1mili, \u017ee v reakci na izraelskou blok\u00e1du Gazy za\u010dnou c\u00edlit na jakoukoli lo\u010f proplouvaj\u00edc\u00ed Rud\u00fdm mo\u0159em na cest\u011b do Izraele, bez ohledu na to, zda je vlastnictv\u00ed lodi spojeno se zem\u00ed. Skupina pozd\u011bji zam\u00ed\u0159ila na n\u011bkolik plavidel pobl\u00ed\u017e pr\u016flivu Bab el-Mandeb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u016fliv Bab el-Mandeb se nach\u00e1z\u00ed mezi Africk\u00fdm rohem a Bl\u00edzk\u00fdm v\u00fdchodem. Spojuje Rud\u00e9 mo\u0159e s Adensk\u00fdm z\u00e1livem a Arabsk\u00fdm mo\u0159em, kter\u00e9 se vl\u00e9vaj\u00ed do Indick\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu. Strategickou vodn\u00ed cestu vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed kontejnerov\u00e9 lod\u011b a export ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu z Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 12 % sv\u011btov\u00e9ho obchodu, kter\u00fd zahrnuje 30 % v\u0161ech glob\u00e1ln\u00edch kontejner\u016f, se pohybuje p\u0159es Suezsk\u00fd pr\u016fplav. To se pak nap\u00e1j\u00ed Rud\u00fdm mo\u0159em a Bab el-Mandeb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00fatoky H\u00fas\u00ed\u016f donutily lod\u011b m\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed z Asie do Izraele, aby se vydaly na cestu, kter\u00e1 ob\u00edhala Afriku, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se cesta prodlou\u017eila o t\u0159i t\u00fddny a prodra\u017eila. Nav\u00edc se t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u011b zastavil p\u0159\u00edjezd komer\u010dn\u00edch lod\u00ed do p\u0159\u00edstavu Ejlat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rozhodnut\u00ed Maersk, Hapag Lloyd a MSC zastavit lodn\u00ed dopravu p\u0159es \u00fa\u017einu Bab el-Mandeb jen zes\u00edl\u00ed dopad blok\u00e1dy. Spole\u010dn\u00fd pod\u00edl na trhu lod\u00ed t\u011bchto t\u0159\u00ed ob\u0159\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40 % celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho obchodu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nap\u011bt\u00ed ve strategick\u00e9m pr\u016flivu p\u0159i\u0161lo pot\u00e9, co Panamsk\u00fd pr\u016fplav kv\u016fli leto\u0161n\u00edmu velk\u00e9mu suchu drasticky sn\u00ed\u017eil svou propustnost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle zpr\u00e1v z minul\u00e9ho t\u00fddne se p\u0159epravci velkoobjemov\u00e9ho obil\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed voz\u00ed \u00farodu z exportn\u00edho centra na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Mexick\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f do Asie, plav\u00ed na del\u0161\u00ed trasy a plat\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady na dopravu, aby se vyhnuli p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed plavidel a rekordn\u011b vysok\u00fdm tranzitn\u00edm poplatk\u016fm v kan\u00e1le zasa\u017een\u00e9m suchem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ceny za veden\u00ed lod\u00ed Panamsk\u00fdm pr\u016fplavem ji\u017e rostou, zat\u00edmco ceny za plavbu p\u0159es Suez ofici\u00e1ln\u011b porostou se za\u010d\u00e1tkem p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud H\u00fas\u00edov\u00e9 udr\u017e\u00ed svou blok\u00e1du na Bab el-Mandeb na dlouhou dobu; a pokud je sucho postihuj\u00edc\u00ed Panamsk\u00fd pr\u016fplav siln\u00e9 a z\u016fstane v platnosti do dubna nebo dokonce \u010dervna; pak bude glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec \u010delit velk\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm, kter\u00e9 se odraz\u00ed na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomice.<\/span><\/p>\n

USA a evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b, nejen Izrael, budou trp\u011bt touto lodn\u00ed kriz\u00ed. P\u0159i sou\u010dasn\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u00edch na v\u00e1lku na Ukrajin\u011b, rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch sankc\u00edch a zapojen\u00ed do mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch konflikt\u016f nemus\u00ed ekonomika Z\u00e1padu p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt.<\/span><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Velitel\u00e9 lodn\u00ed dopravy a logistiky A.P. Moller-Maersk, Hapag-Lloyd a MSC zabr\u00e1nili sv\u00fdm lod\u00edm vplout do…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":42728,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[59,220,371,6329,4356,276],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42727"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42727"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42727\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/42728"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42727"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42727"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42727"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}