{"id":42537,"date":"2023-12-14T06:02:25","date_gmt":"2023-12-14T05:02:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=42537"},"modified":"2023-12-14T06:07:51","modified_gmt":"2023-12-14T05:07:51","slug":"miliony-ukrajincu-nuceni-byt-offline-kdo-stoji-za-jednim-z-nejvetsich-kybernetickych-utoku-vsech-dob","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/12\/14\/miliony-ukrajincu-nuceni-byt-offline-kdo-stoji-za-jednim-z-nejvetsich-kybernetickych-utoku-vsech-dob\/","title":{"rendered":"Miliony Ukrajinc\u016f nuceni b\u00fdt offline: kdo stoj\u00ed za jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch kybernetick\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f v\u0161ech dob"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

IT syst\u00e9my nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho ukrajinsk\u00e9ho telekomunika\u010dn\u00edho oper\u00e1tora byly \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zni\u010deny<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ukrajinsk\u00e9ho prim\u00e1rn\u00edho poskytovatele mobiln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed, Kyivstar, srazil k zemi jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch kybernetick\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f v\u0161ech dob a miliony z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f v \u00fater\u00fd z\u016fstaly bez mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f a dom\u00e1c\u00edho internetu.<\/p>\n

Co se stalo?
\n<\/strong><\/span>
\nNejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00fd telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed poskytovatel utrp\u011bl v \u00fater\u00fd velk\u00fd hackersk\u00fd \u00fatok, kter\u00fd vy\u0159adil mobiln\u00ed telefonn\u00ed slu\u017eby pro miliony lid\u00ed. Mobiln\u00ed komunikace a p\u0159\u00edstup k internetu byly po cel\u00fd den nefunk\u010dn\u00ed. \u00datok na Kyivstar, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 24,3 milionu mobiln\u00edch z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f a p\u0159es 1 milion p\u0159edplatitel\u016f dom\u00e1c\u00edho internetu, vedl k dominov\u00e9mu efektu, kter\u00fd zp\u016fsobil v\u00fdpadky IT infrastruktury a naru\u0161il slu\u017eby v bank\u00e1ch a n\u011bkter\u00fdch st\u00e1tn\u00edch instituc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Kdo byl ovlivn\u011bn?<\/span>
\n<\/strong>
\nKybernetick\u00fd \u00fatok zp\u016fsobil \u0161iroce poci\u0165ovan\u00e9 technick\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed a naru\u0161il provoz mnoha velk\u00fdch ukrajinsk\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1tem vlastn\u011bn\u00e1 banka, PrivatBank, byla napadena hackem, proto\u017ee byla naru\u0161ena \u010dinnost n\u011bkter\u00fdch jej\u00edch kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, bankomat\u016f a termin\u00e1l\u016f v m\u00edst\u011b prodeje (POS), kter\u00e9 podniky pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ke zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed plateb kartou, proto\u017ee se spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na SIM kartu Kyivstar.\u00a0 Nefungovaly ani n\u011bkter\u00e9 bankomaty jin\u00fdch velk\u00fdch bank, v\u010detn\u011b Oshadbank a Monobank. Kv\u016fli v\u00fdpadku \u00fadajn\u011b nefungovaly ani v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 syst\u00e9my proti n\u00e1let\u016fm ve m\u011bst\u011b Sumy.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je to v\u00fdznamn\u00e9?<\/span>
\n<\/strong>
\nIncident t\u011b\u017ece zas\u00e1hl Kyjev a daleko za hranicemi, v\u010detn\u011b velk\u00fdch m\u011bst a region\u016f, a ovlivnil mobiln\u00ed a pevn\u00e9 slu\u017eby s dominov\u00fdm dopadem na sektory, v\u010detn\u011b syst\u00e9m\u016f varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed n\u00e1lety a bankovnictv\u00ed. Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed slu\u017eba Ukrajiny (SBU) ve st\u0159edu uvedla, \u017ee \u00fatok na Kyivstar zp\u016fsobil kritick\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed jej\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed infrastruktury, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e IT syst\u00e9my byly \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zni\u010deny. Obnoven\u00ed operac\u00ed bude n\u011bjakou dobu trvat, uvedla slu\u017eba.
\nUkrajinsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da p\u0159i komunikaci a koordinaci operac\u00ed siln\u011b spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na chytr\u00e9 telefony a mobiln\u00ed data, zejm\u00e9na na aplikace pro \u0161ifrovan\u00e9 zas\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v. Zat\u00edmco zem\u011b m\u00e1 jin\u00e9 poskytovatele mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f a arm\u00e1da ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 satelitn\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed Starlink, v\u00fdpadek Kyivstar by mohl na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech ovlivnit schopnost ukrajinsk\u00fdch jednotek koordinovat.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00fd je v\u00fdznam na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed incidentu?<\/span>
\n<\/strong>
\nK masivn\u00edmu hacknut\u00ed do\u0161lo, kdy\u017e se ukrajinsk\u00fd prezident Vladimir Zelenskyj setkal v \u00fater\u00fd ve Washingtonu s americk\u00fdm prezidentem Joem Bidenem a z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci, kte\u0159\u00ed prosili o v\u00edce finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f pro Kyjev. B\u011bhem setk\u00e1n\u00ed americk\u00fd v\u016fdce ozn\u00e1mil dal\u0161\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek vojensk\u00e9 pomoci pro Ukrajinu ve v\u00fd\u0161i 200 milion\u016f dolar\u016f, kter\u00fd zahrnuje interceptory protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany, d\u011blost\u0159electvo a munici. Tato \u010d\u00e1stka je v\u0161ak relativn\u011b zanedbateln\u00e1 ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se 111 miliardami dolar\u016f vojensk\u00e9 a ekonomick\u00e9 pomoci, kterou Washington poskytl Kyjevu od \u00fanora 2022.
\nSch\u016fzka se uskute\u010dnila po n\u00e1vrhu z\u00e1kona, kter\u00fd m\u011bl poskytnout Kyjevu pomoc ve v\u00fd\u0161i 60 miliard dolar\u016f. byl minul\u00fd t\u00fdden zablokov\u00e1n v americk\u00e9m Sen\u00e1tu. Republik\u00e1ni po\u017eadovali p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed imigra\u010dn\u00ed kontrolu na ji\u017en\u00ed hranici USA v\u00fdm\u011bnou za schv\u00e1len\u00ed pomoci Ukrajin\u011b.<\/p>\n

Kdo stoj\u00ed za \u00fatokem?<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong>Ukrajinsk\u00e1 zpravodajsk\u00e1 slu\u017eba SBU tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee na vin\u011b mohou b\u00fdt rusk\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed slu\u017eby. Agentura zah\u00e1jila trestn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kv\u016fli kybernetick\u00e9mu \u00fatoku na z\u00e1klad\u011b osmi obvin\u011bn\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed do \u010dinnosti informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, velezrady a sabot\u00e1\u017ee.
\nK odpov\u011bdnosti za \u00fatok se mezit\u00edm p\u0159ihl\u00e1sila rusk\u00e1 hacktivistick\u00e1 skupina Killnet. p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek na sv\u00e9m kan\u00e1lu Telegram, ale nep\u0159edlo\u017eil d\u016fkaz. Po naru\u0161en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti ru\u0161t\u00ed hacke\u0159i uvedli, \u017ee \u00fatok zah\u00e1jili, aby otestovali mo\u017enosti nov\u00e9ho partnerstv\u00ed s jinou skupinou nazvanou Deanon Club.
\nKybernetick\u00fd \u00fatok p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v dob\u011b, kdy experti zva\u017euj\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fvody incidentu. by mohla b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed snahy Moskvy p\u0159im\u011bt Kyjev vyjednat m\u00edrovou dohodu k ukon\u010den\u00ed prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edho ukrajinsk\u00e9ho konfliktu. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee m\u00edstn\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 se p\u0159iprav\u00ed na to, aby zajistili, \u017ee ostatn\u00ed kritick\u00e1 infrastruktura bude b\u011bhem zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f izolov\u00e1na od kybernetick\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkdo dal\u0161\u00ed podez\u0159el\u00fd?<\/span>
\n<\/strong>
\n\u00datok Kyivstar vypadal docela podobn\u011b jako lo\u0148sk\u00fd kybernetick\u00fd \u00fatok proti rusk\u00e9mu analogu YouTube s n\u00e1zvem RuTube, uzav\u0159eli n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed IT experti po anal\u00fdze podrobnost\u00ed incidentu. Experti navrhli, \u017ee \u00fatok na ukrajinsk\u00e9ho mobiln\u00edho oper\u00e1tora si mohl zp\u016fsobit s\u00e1m, a dodali, \u017ee Kyjev ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve simuloval kolaps kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury. Analytici p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dali, \u017ee Kyivstar byl hacknut \u201ezevnit\u0159\u201c pr\u00e1v\u011b b\u011bhem Zelensk\u00e9ho n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy ve Washingtonu, aby vzbudil pozornost m\u00e9di\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jak Kyjev odpov\u011bd\u011bl?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

V samostatn\u00e9m prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 rozv\u011bdka tvrdila, \u017ee v posledn\u00edch dnech provedla kybernetick\u00fd \u00fatok na ruskou Feder\u00e1ln\u00ed da\u0148ovou slu\u017ebu (FNS). SBU na sv\u00e9m kan\u00e1lu Telegram ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee se ukrajinsk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdce poda\u0159ilo proniknout do jednoho z dob\u0159e chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch centr\u00e1ln\u00edch server\u016f feder\u00e1ln\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby.
\nFNS v koment\u00e1\u0159i k ozn\u00e1men\u00ed pop\u0159ela, \u017ee jej\u00ed slu\u017eby byly hacknut a dodal, \u017ee fungoval jako obvykle, zat\u00edmco osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje u\u017eivatel\u016f byly v bezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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IT syst\u00e9my nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho ukrajinsk\u00e9ho telekomunika\u010dn\u00edho oper\u00e1tora byly \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zni\u010deny Ukrajinsk\u00e9ho prim\u00e1rn\u00edho poskytovatele mobiln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed, Kyivstar,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":42538,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,29,2533,26],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42537"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42537"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42537\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/42538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42537"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42537"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42537"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}