{"id":42476,"date":"2023-12-14T00:34:49","date_gmt":"2023-12-13T23:34:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=42476"},"modified":"2023-12-13T17:08:23","modified_gmt":"2023-12-13T16:08:23","slug":"i-v-dobach-genocidy-big-tech-umlcuje-palestince","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/12\/14\/i-v-dobach-genocidy-big-tech-umlcuje-palestince\/","title":{"rendered":"I v dob\u00e1ch genocidy Big Tech uml\u010duje Palestince"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Platformy soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed systematicky cenzuruj\u00ed propalestinsk\u00fd obsah a z\u00e1rove\u0148 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed protipalestinsk\u00e9 nen\u00e1vistn\u00e9 projevy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Spaluj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed proti lidem v Gaze je bezprecedentn\u00ed.\u00a0To plat\u00ed i pro \u00fa\u010dinky na internetu.\u00a0Palestinci, kte\u0159\u00ed dokumentuj\u00ed a vystupuj\u00ed proti izraelsk\u00e9 genocidn\u00ed v\u00e1lce v Gaze, \u010del\u00ed ne\u00fanavn\u00e9 cenzu\u0159e a repres\u00edm, doprov\u00e1zen\u00fdm exploz\u00ed st\u00e1tem podporovan\u00fdch dezinformac\u00ed, nen\u00e1vistn\u00fdch projev\u016f a v\u00fdzev k n\u00e1sil\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pot\u00e9, co Hamas 7. \u0159\u00edjna za\u00fato\u010dil na Izrael, za\u010daly velk\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti mazat obsah o v\u00e1lce, kter\u00e1 podle nich poru\u0161ovala jejich pravidla.\u00a0TikTok mezi 7. \u0159\u00edjnem a 31. \u0159\u00edjnem odstranil v\u00edce ne\u017e 925 000 vide\u00ed z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu.\u00a0Ke 14. listopadu X, d\u0159\u00edve zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Twitter, smazal v\u00edce ne\u017e 350 000 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f.\u00a0Meta smazala nebo ozna\u010dila jako znepokojuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 795 000 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f b\u011bhem prvn\u00edch t\u0159\u00ed dn\u016f \u00fatoku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto vymaz\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, veden\u00e9 \u0161patn\u011b vy\u0161kolen\u00fdmi algoritmy a d\u00e1le podporovan\u00e9 tlakem ze strany EU a Izraele, vedlo k nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 cenzu\u0159e kritick\u00fdch palestinsk\u00fdch hlas\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b autor\u016f, novin\u00e1\u0159\u016f a aktivist\u016f hl\u00e1s\u00edc\u00edch se z Gazy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco TikTok byl obvin\u011bn z propagace propalestinsk\u00e9ho obsahu, ve skute\u010dnosti sv\u00e9voln\u011b a opakovan\u011b cenzuroval obsah o Palestin\u011b.\u00a09. \u0159\u00edjna americk\u00e1 medi\u00e1ln\u00ed spole\u010dnost Mondoweiss mimo jin\u00e9 ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee jej\u00ed \u00fa\u010det TikTok byl trvale zablokov\u00e1n.\u00a0Byl znovu aktivov\u00e1n, aby byl o n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed pozd\u011bji znovu zablokov\u00e1n.\u00a0Spole\u010dnost se k tomu nevyj\u00e1d\u0159ila.<\/span><\/p>\n

X byl tak\u00e9 obvin\u011bn z potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed propalestinsk\u00fdch hlas\u016f.\u00a0\u00da\u010det americk\u00e9 pobo\u010dky skupiny Palestine Action nedok\u00e1zal z\u00edskat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nov\u00e9 n\u00e1sledovn\u00edky;\u00a0probl\u00e9m byl vy\u0159e\u0161en a\u017e po tlaku ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lv\u00ed pod\u00edl na t\u00e9to digit\u00e1ln\u00ed potla\u010dovac\u00ed kampani m\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Meta.\u00a0Sv\u00e9voln\u011b smazal palestinsk\u00fd obsah, p\u0159eru\u0161il \u017eiv\u00e9 p\u0159enosy, omezil koment\u00e1\u0159e a pozastavil \u00fa\u010dty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezi posti\u017een\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed palestinsk\u00fd foto\u017eurnalista Motaz Azaiza, kter\u00fd m\u011bl na Instagramu p\u0159es 15 milion\u016f sleduj\u00edc\u00edch za dokumentov\u00e1n\u00ed izraelsk\u00fdch zv\u011brstev v Gaze;\u00a0jeho \u00fa\u010det byl pozd\u011bji znovu aktivov\u00e1n.\u00a0Trvale zablokov\u00e1na byla tak\u00e9 facebookov\u00e1 str\u00e1nka Quds News Network, jedn\u00e9 z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch palestinsk\u00fdch zpravodajsk\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed s v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 miliony odb\u011bratel\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na Instagramu byli lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edvali o Palestin\u011b, zak\u00e1z\u00e1ni st\u00edny \u2013 tajn\u00e1 forma cenzury, d\u00edky n\u00ed\u017e je \u010dlov\u011bk na platform\u011b neviditeln\u00fd, ani\u017e by ho o tom informoval.\u00a0Meta tak\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eila hranici, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 automatick\u00e9 filtry blokuj\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 koment\u00e1\u0159e k obsahu z Palestiny z 80 procent na 25 procent.\u00a0Zdokumentovali jsme p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy Instagram skr\u00fdval koment\u00e1\u0159e obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed emoji palestinsk\u00e9 vlajky jako \u201epotenci\u00e1ln\u011b ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00e9\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Um\u00edrn\u011bnost obsahu Meta nikdy nebyla shov\u00edvav\u00e1 k palestinsk\u00e9mu projevu, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v dob\u011b krize.\u00a0Pravidla spole\u010dnosti, vyvinut\u00e1 v n\u00e1vaznosti na \u201ev\u00e1lku proti terorismu veden\u00e9 Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty\u201c, ne\u00fam\u011brn\u011b znev\u00fdhodnila a uml\u010dela politick\u00e9 projevy v arab\u0161tin\u011b.\u00a0Mimo jin\u00e9 drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed a organizac\u00ed na tajn\u00e9 \u010dern\u00e9 listin\u011b \u201eterorist\u016f\u201c poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu a ji\u017en\u00ed Asie \u2013 co\u017e je odraz americk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Politika Dangerous Organizations and Individuals (DOI), kter\u00e1 zakazuje chv\u00e1lit, podporovat a zastupovat tyto jednotlivce a skupiny, je katalyz\u00e1torem tvrd\u00e9 cenzury a diskriminace Palestinc\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2021 byly tyto politiky zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za uml\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed propalestinsk\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed vy\u0161li do ulic a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed na protest proti pokusu Izraele n\u00e1siln\u011b odstranit palestinsk\u00e9 rodiny z jejich domov\u016f v okupovan\u00e9 \u010dtvrti v\u00fdchodn\u00edho Jeruzal\u00e9ma Sheikh Jarrah.<\/span><\/p>\n

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V souvislosti s pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed izraelskou v\u00e1lkou v Gaze Meta uvedla, \u017ee svou politiku uplat\u0148uje po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b stejn\u011b, a odm\u00edtla tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee \u201ez\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b potla\u010duje hlasy\u201c.\u00a0D\u016fkazy v\u0161ak sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o opaku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dva t\u00fddny po v\u00e1lce Ruska proti Ukrajin\u011b Meta uvolnila sv\u00e1 pravidla, aby umo\u017enila Ukrajinc\u016fm svobodn\u011b se vyjad\u0159ovat.\u00a0Tak\u017ee v\u00fdzvy k n\u00e1sil\u00ed proti rusk\u00fdm \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk\u016fm byly povoleny.\u00a0Dokonce i neonacistick\u00e1 skupina Azov Battalion, kter\u00e1 byla vylou\u010dena z politiky DOI, byla ze seznamu odstran\u011bna, aby mohla b\u00fdt chv\u00e1lena.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto v\u00fdjimek Nick Clegg, prezident spole\u010dnosti pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti, napsal: \u201eKdybychom uplat\u0148ovali na\u0161e standardn\u00ed obsahov\u00e9 z\u00e1sady bez \u00faprav, odstranili bychom nyn\u00ed obsah od oby\u010dejn\u00fdch Ukrajinc\u016f vyjad\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edch sv\u016fj vzdor a hn\u011bv proti invazn\u00edm sil\u00e1m, co\u017e by pr\u00e1vem pova\u017eovat za nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Byly provedeny \u00fapravy pro oby\u010dejn\u00e9 Palestince, kte\u0159\u00ed \u201evyjad\u0159uj\u00ed sv\u016fj odpor a hn\u011bv proti invazn\u00edm sil\u00e1m\u201c?\u00a0Pr\u00e1v\u011b naopak.\u00a0V blogov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku naposledy aktualizovan\u00e9m 5. prosince Meta uvedla, \u017ee zak\u00e1zala hashtagy, omezila \u017eiv\u00e9 p\u0159enosy a odstranila sedmkr\u00e1t v\u00edce obsahu ne\u017e za dva m\u011bs\u00edce p\u0159ed \u0159\u00edjnem, proto\u017ee poru\u0161ila sv\u00e9 z\u00e1sady DOI.<\/span><\/p>\n

V humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed oblasti tak\u00e9 existuj\u00ed dvoj\u00ed metr.\u00a0Meta vynalo\u017eila velk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed na koordinaci humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoci Ukrajinc\u016fm, v\u010detn\u011b aktivace funkce, kter\u00e1 jim pom\u00e1h\u00e1 z\u016fstat informov\u00e1ni, naj\u00edt sv\u00e9 rodiny a p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 a z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup k t\u00eds\u0148ov\u00fdm slu\u017eb\u00e1m, psychosoci\u00e1ln\u00ed podpo\u0159e, ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed a pomoci uprchl\u00edk\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Palestinc\u016fm v Gaze, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010del\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed komunikace a humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed katastrof\u011b nep\u0159edstaviteln\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f, se \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 takov\u00e1 podpora nedostala.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato diskriminace se vztahuje i na zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm Meta vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sv\u00e9 zdroje a prosazuje sv\u00e9 z\u00e1sady.\u00a0Arabsk\u00fd obsah je siln\u011b moderovan\u00fd, zat\u00edmco hebrejsk\u00fd obsah je i nad\u00e1le podmoderovan\u00fd.\u00a0A\u017e do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2023 nem\u011bla Meta klasifik\u00e1tory, kter\u00e9 by automaticky detekovaly a odstra\u0148ovaly nen\u00e1vistn\u00e9 projevy v hebrej\u0161tin\u011b, i kdy\u017e jej\u00ed platformy pou\u017e\u00edvali Izraelci k v\u00fdslovn\u00e9mu podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed a organizov\u00e1n\u00ed pogrom\u016f proti Palestinc\u016fm.\u00a0Ned\u00e1vno zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 intern\u00ed zpr\u00e1va odhalila, \u017ee spole\u010dnost nemohla pou\u017e\u00edt nov\u011b vyvinut\u00fd hebrejsk\u00fd klasifik\u00e1tor pro koment\u00e1\u0159e na Instagramu kv\u016fli nedostate\u010dn\u00fdm tr\u00e9ninkov\u00fdm dat\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

To je velmi znepokojiv\u00e9 vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee Meta se p\u0159i moderov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu siln\u011b spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na automatizovan\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje.\u00a0P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 98 procent modera\u010dn\u00edch rozhodnut\u00ed na Instagramu je automatizovan\u00fdch a na Facebooku je to t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 94 procent.\u00a0Opakovan\u011b se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee tyto n\u00e1stroje jsou \u0161patn\u011b vy\u0161kolen\u00e9 v arab\u0161tin\u011b a jej\u00edch r\u016fzn\u00fdch dialektech.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle intern\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v z\u00e1znamech Facebooku z roku 2021 jeho automatick\u00e9 metan\u00e1stroje pro odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed teroristick\u00e9ho obsahu nespr\u00e1vn\u011b odstra\u0148ovaly nen\u00e1siln\u00fd arabsk\u00fd obsah v 77 procentech p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

To \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b vysv\u011btluje obrovsk\u00fd dopad na schopnost lid\u00ed uplat\u0148ovat sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a dokumentovat poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 zlo\u010diny.\u00a0Vysv\u011btluje tak\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00e9 neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 chyby, v\u010detn\u011b klasifikace me\u0161ity Al-Aks\u00e1, t\u0159et\u00ed nejposv\u00e1tn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed me\u0161ity v isl\u00e1mu, jako teroristick\u00e9 organizace v roce 2021, p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivotopis\u016f u\u017eivatel\u016f Instagramu s palestinskou vlajkou na \u201eD\u00edky bohu, palestin\u0161t\u00ed terorist\u00e9 bojuj\u00ed za svou svobodu. \u201c a vymaz\u00e1n\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f mrtvol po bombov\u00e9m \u00fatoku na nemocnici al-Ahli s od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee poru\u0161ovaly z\u00e1sady t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se nahoty a sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed aktivity dosp\u011bl\u00fdch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm Meta umo\u017e\u0148uje ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdm vl\u00e1dn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dt\u016fm pat\u0159\u00edc\u00edm izraelsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b politik\u016f, izraelsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy a jejich mluv\u010d\u00edch \u2013 \u0161\u00ed\u0159it v\u00e1le\u010dnou propagandu a dezinformace ospravedl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 zlo\u010diny a zlo\u010diny proti lidskosti, v\u010detn\u011b \u00fatok\u016f na nemocnice a ambulance, nafilmovan\u00fdch p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed palestinsk\u00fdch v\u011bz\u0148\u016f a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u201eevakua\u010dn\u00ed\u201c p\u0159\u00edkazy pro palestinsk\u00e9 civilisty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nam\u00edsto ochrany Palestinc\u016f v Gaze p\u0159ed genocidou, p\u0159ed n\u00ed\u017e varovalo 36 expert\u016f OSN na lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f genocidy, povolila Meta placen\u00e9 reklamy, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdslovn\u011b vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed k \u201eholocaustu Palestinc\u016f\u201c a vyhlazen\u00ed \u201e\u017een, d\u011bt\u00ed a sta\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 v Gaze\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Takov\u00e9 znepokojiv\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy k n\u00e1sil\u00ed lze nal\u00e9zt i na jin\u00fdch platform\u00e1ch.\u00a0Ve skute\u010dnosti se zd\u00e1, \u017ee X vede v mno\u017estv\u00ed nen\u00e1vistn\u00fdch projev\u016f a v\u00fdzev k n\u00e1sil\u00ed v\u016f\u010di Palestinc\u016fm.\u00a0Podle palestinsk\u00e9 organizace pro digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1va 7amleh byly na platform\u011b od 7. \u0159\u00edjna zve\u0159ejn\u011bny v\u00edce ne\u017e dva miliony takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Telegram tak\u00e9 host\u00ed \u0159adu izraelsk\u00fdch kan\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 otev\u0159en\u011b vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed ke genocid\u011b a oslavuj\u00ed kolektivn\u00ed trest\u00e1n\u00ed palestinsk\u00e9ho lidu.\u00a0Ve skupin\u011b nazvan\u00e9 \u201eLovci nacist\u016f 2023\u201c moder\u00e1to\u0159i zve\u0159ej\u0148uj\u00ed obr\u00e1zky palestinsk\u00fdch postav se zam\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edm k\u0159\u00ed\u017eem na tv\u00e1\u0159\u00edch a tak\u00e9 jejich dom\u00e1c\u00ed adresy a vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed k jejich odstran\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edm se nezd\u00e1, \u017ee by si spole\u010dnosti soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed v\u00e1\u017enost situace uv\u011bdomily.\u00a0Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee zejm\u00e9na Meta se ze sv\u00e9 role v genocid\u011b proti Rohing\u016fm v Myanmaru v roce 2017 m\u00e1lo pou\u010dil.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uml\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed Palestinc\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 propagace dezinformac\u00ed a n\u00e1sil\u00ed proti nim mohlo b\u00fdt modus operandi platforem soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed bez \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 odpov\u011bdnosti.\u00a0Toto kolo je ale jin\u00e9.\u00a0Meta je v nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee se znovu zaplete do genocidy a mus\u00ed napravit kurz, ne\u017e bude p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pozd\u011b.\u00a0Odpov\u011bdnost za ochranu u\u017eivatel\u016f a zachov\u00e1n\u00ed svobody projevu se vztahuje i na jin\u00e9 platformy soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Marwa Fatafta<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Platformy soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed systematicky cenzuruj\u00ed propalestinsk\u00fd obsah a z\u00e1rove\u0148 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed protipalestinsk\u00e9 nen\u00e1vistn\u00e9 projevy. Spaluj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":39375,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1467,63,2253,348],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42476"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42476"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42476\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42477,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42476\/revisions\/42477"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39375"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}