{"id":42081,"date":"2023-12-09T00:53:25","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:53:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=42081"},"modified":"2023-12-08T18:52:19","modified_gmt":"2023-12-08T17:52:19","slug":"rimsky-statut-by-mel-byt-neplatny-proc-je-tak-snadne-obvinit-rusko-ale-ne-izrael","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/12\/09\/rimsky-statut-by-mel-byt-neplatny-proc-je-tak-snadne-obvinit-rusko-ale-ne-izrael\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201e\u0158\u00edmsk\u00fd statut by m\u011bl b\u00fdt neplatn\u00fd\u201c: Pro\u010d je tak snadn\u00e9 obvinit Rusko, ale ne Izrael?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Pov\u011bst Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho trestn\u00edho soudu by mohla b\u00fdt zcela zni\u010dena, pokud zlo\u010diny proti Palestin\u011b nebudou d\u016fkladn\u011b vy\u0161et\u0159eny, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 americk\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Stanley Cohen<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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V prvn\u00edch t\u00fddnech v\u00e1lky mezi Gazou a Izraelem vydal prokur\u00e1tor ICC prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m uvedl, \u017ee br\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed pomoci Gaze m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt trestn\u00fdm \u010dinem, ale pozd\u011bji bylo odhaleno, \u017ee cestoval do Izraele a je obvin\u011bn z brzd\u011bn\u00ed soudn\u00edho vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010din\u016f. <\/span>\u201ePokud toto nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed tribun\u00e1l, pak by \u0158\u00edmsk\u00fd statut m\u011bl b\u00fdt neplatn\u00fd,\u201c<\/span><\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 americk\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Stanley Cohen v rozhovoru pro m\u00e9dia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dne 29. \u0159\u00edjna vydal \u017ealobce Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho trestn\u00edho soudu (ICC) Karim Khan varov\u00e1n\u00ed izraelsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b, \u017ee zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159esunu pomoci do Gazy by mohlo v\u00e9st k\u00a0<\/span>\u201e\u00a0<\/span>trestn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0podle \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9ho statutu.\u00a0B\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho projevu v egyptsk\u00e9m hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b K\u00e1hi\u0159e se v\u0161ak Karim Khan\u00a0<\/span>v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00edce zam\u011b\u0159il na \u00fatok veden\u00fd Hamasem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ze 7. \u0159\u00edjna ne\u017e na cokoli, co sp\u00e1chala izraelsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da v p\u00e1smu Gazy.\u00a0Po pozn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch \u017ealobce ICC se objevily ot\u00e1zky, zda se soud uk\u00e1\u017ee jako u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed zlo\u010din\u016f sp\u00e1chan\u00fdch nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d Palestinou a Izraelem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Renomovan\u00fd americk\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Stanley Cohen se v K\u00e1hi\u0159e vyj\u00e1d\u0159il k v\u00fdrok\u016fm Karima Khana.\u00a0Cohen \u0159ekl, \u017ee Khan\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u201euvedl sp\u00ed\u0161e potvrzuj\u00edc\u00ed deklarativn\u00ed argumenty o tom, co Hamas, co d\u011blaly brig\u00e1dy Kass\u00e1m, jak, kdy, kde, co se stalo.\u00a0P\u0159i absenci jak\u00e9hokoli nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i absenci jak\u00fdchkoli nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch d\u016fkaz\u016f, zalo\u017een\u00fdch do ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edry na propagandistick\u00e9m zkreslen\u00ed, alternativn\u00edch zpravodajsk\u00fdch informac\u00edch, kter\u00e9 tam byly zve\u0159ejn\u011bny.“\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\u00a0Cohen d\u00e1le prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>\u201ekdybych byl jedn\u00edm z pr\u00e1vn\u00edk\u016f zastupuj\u00edc\u00edch Palestince p\u0159ed ICC, mohl bych ho po\u017e\u00e1dat, aby se z\u0159ekl koment\u00e1\u0159e\u201c.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

V b\u0159eznu 2021 ICC\u00a0<\/span>ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zah\u00e1jil vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010din\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohly b\u00fdt sp\u00e1ch\u00e1ny v Palestin\u011b \u2013 v\u0161emi z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdmi stranami \u2013 od 13. \u010dervna 2014. To by technicky znamenalo, \u017ee ned\u00e1vno sp\u00e1chan\u00e9 zlo\u010diny by mohly podl\u00e9hat vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a odpov\u011bdn\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt teoreticky st\u00edh\u00e1ni.\u00a0V roce 2021 tak\u00e9 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed izraelsk\u00e1 lidskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed skupina\u00a0<\/span>B’tselem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0spolu s\u00a0<\/span>Human Rights Watch<\/span><\/a>\u00a0prohl\u00e1sily, \u017ee izraelsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da provozuje re\u017eim apartheidu proti Palestinc\u016fm.\u00a0V roce 2022\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e1sledovala Amnesty International<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a vydala svou vlastn\u00ed obs\u00e1hlou zpr\u00e1vu, kter\u00e1 demonstrovala, pro\u010d se tak\u00e9 rozhodla obvinit Izrael ze zlo\u010dinu apartheidu.\u00a0ICC m\u00e1 podle \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9ho statutu pr\u00e1vo st\u00edhat ty, kdo se dopust\u00ed zlo\u010dinu apartheidu.<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jak v\u0161ak v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed poznamenal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0think tank Arab Center Washington DC se s\u00eddlem v USA\u00a0\u00a0,\u00a0ICC za posledn\u00ed dva roky\u00a0<\/span>\u201eud\u011blalo m\u00e1lo\u201c , a to navzdory\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\u201eproklamovan\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealobc\u016f zlep\u0161it d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost soudu a jeho soukrom\u00fdm protest\u016fm\u201c. \u017ee ho zaj\u00edm\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka Palestiny.\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\u00a0Navzdory tomu, \u017ee Izrael prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>\u201e\u00a0<\/span>nebude spolupracovat<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0s ICC na protest proti ozn\u00e1men\u00e9mu vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010din\u016f v roce 2021, rodiny Izraelc\u016f zabit\u00fdch 7. \u0159\u00edjna nal\u00e9haly na\u00a0<\/span>soud, aby zah\u00e1jil vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00fadajn\u00fdch zlo\u010din\u016f sp\u00e1chan\u00fdch Hamasem.\u00a0To stav\u00ed izraelskou vl\u00e1du do t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 pozice, proto\u017ee opakovan\u011b prohl\u00e1sila, \u017ee ICC nem\u00e1 na jejich \u00fazem\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou jurisdikci.\u00a0Hamas na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b\u00a0<\/span>uv\u00edtal vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010din\u016f Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm trestn\u00edm soudem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a h\u00e1jil sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed \u010diny.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed trestn\u00ed soud v Haagu.\u00a0\u00a9 Getty Images\/legna69<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

V koment\u00e1\u0159i k ot\u00e1zce, pro\u010d se ICC je\u0161t\u011b mus\u00ed p\u0159ikro\u010dit k obvin\u011bn\u00ed osob odpov\u011bdn\u00fdch za zlo\u010diny sp\u00e1chan\u00e9 na okupovan\u00fdch palestinsk\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00edch, Stanley Cohen odpov\u011bd\u011bl:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eOb\u017ealobu proti Putinovi vr\u00e1tili na z\u00e1klad\u011b ex parte tvrzen\u00ed, co\u017e je jist\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina, do \u010dty\u0159 dn\u016f.\u00a0V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Izraele m\u00e1te dev\u011bt let na to, abyste na\u0161li, vy\u0161et\u0159ili a potvrzovali syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va, poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va, poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, kolektivn\u00ed tresty, poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed humanit\u00e1rn\u00edho kodexu, zlo\u010diny proti lidskosti.\u00a0V\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 zlo\u010diny.“<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Cohen tak\u00e9 dodal n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:\u00a0<\/span>\u201eNev\u00edm, pro\u010d to trvalo dva roky… Pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f by m\u011blo prob\u00edhat vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0Pod\u00edlel jsem se na p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161k\u00e1ch do ICC.\u00a0Za posledn\u00edch dev\u011bt let byly u\u010din\u011bny pouh\u00e9 stovky a stovky a stovky prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, \u010destn\u00fdch prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, vide\u00ed, film\u016f, p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed, prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 ICC.\u00a0Cynik ve mn\u011b si p\u0159edstavuje nebo p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed, zda by tento, stejn\u00fd kus nabral rychlost, kdyby c\u00edle byly africk\u00e9, kdyby byly \u010dern\u00e9, proto\u017ee ICC se v minulosti pohyboval z\u00e1m\u011brnou rychlost\u00ed, kdy\u017e zahrnuje africk\u00e9 ob\u017ealovan\u00e9 nebo c\u00edle, nebo barevn\u00ed lid\u00e9.“<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee po\u010det d\u011btsk\u00fdch mrtv\u00fdch v samotn\u00e9 Gaze v d\u016fsledku izraelsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v oble\u017een\u00e9 pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed enkl\u00e1v\u011b je\u00a0<\/span>v\u00edce ne\u017e \u0161estkr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ne\u017e\u00a0<\/span>celkov\u00fd po\u010det mrtv\u00fdch izraelsk\u00fdch civilist\u016f ze 7. \u0159\u00edjna<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 to ot\u00e1zku, zda ICC sleduje zlo\u010din\u016f sp\u00e1chan\u00fdch na Palestinc\u00edch se stejnou z\u00e1va\u017enost\u00ed.\u00a0Pokud tento p\u0159\u00edpad pokro\u010d\u00ed a pro\u0161et\u0159\u00ed nekone\u010dn\u00fd seznam v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010din\u016f sp\u00e1chan\u00fdch v Palestin\u011b a Izraeli, mo\u017en\u00e1 by to mohlo zachr\u00e1nit \u010d\u00e1st legitimity soudu, kter\u00fd byl africk\u00fdmi v\u016fdci opakovan\u011b obvi\u0148ov\u00e1n z\u00a0<\/span>nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho c\u00edlen\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Ve skute\u010dnosti, vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina obvin\u011bn\u00ed ICC byla p\u0159ed\u00e1na t\u011bm na africk\u00e9m kontinentu, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed dokonce navrhli, aby ICC byl p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1n na Africk\u00fd trestn\u00ed soud.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Aby toho nebylo m\u00e1lo, jakmile vy\u0161lo najevo, \u017ee \u017ealobce ICC Karim Khan odcestoval do Izraele, rychle napl\u00e1noval setk\u00e1n\u00ed s palestinsk\u00fdm prezidentem Mahm\u00fadem Abb\u00e1sem a palestinsk\u00fdmi skupinami pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va.\u00a0Skupiny pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va s\u00eddl\u00edc\u00ed na okupovan\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00edch v\u0161ak\u00a0<\/span>jeho \u017e\u00e1dost o setk\u00e1n\u00ed odm\u00edtly<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Ammar Al-Dwaik, gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel Nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 komise pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (ICHR), \u0159ekl, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>\u201ezp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm byla tato n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva provedena, ukazuje, \u017ee pan Khan nezvl\u00e1d\u00e1 svou pr\u00e1ci nez\u00e1visle a profesion\u00e1ln\u011b\u201c.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Podle Stanleyho Cohena\u00a0<\/span>\u201eexistuje spousta mo\u017enost\u00ed\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\u00a0mimo Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed trestn\u00ed soud, pokud jde o st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010din\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho soudn\u00edho dvora (ICJ).\u00a0<\/span>„Tak\u00e9 m\u00e1te situaci soud\u016f s univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed jurisdikc\u00ed, jako je Ji\u017en\u00ed Afrika a \u0160pan\u011blsko a asi tucet dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed, o kter\u00fdch nepochybuji, \u017ee tak\u00e9 zah\u00e1j\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pod univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed jurisdikc\u00ed,“ \u0159ekl<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u0165 u\u017e ICC jedn\u00e1 nyn\u00ed, bude to bu\u010f jeho sp\u00e1sa, nebo nenapraviteln\u011b po\u0161pin\u00ed pov\u011bst soudu nav\u017edy.\u00a0Naprost\u00fd rozsah zv\u011brstev, kter\u00e1 se nyn\u00ed p\u00e1chaj\u00ed v Gaze, je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 v\u016fbec popsat, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e na oble\u017een\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>je svr\u017eeno v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u00fdbu\u0161nin<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ne\u017e jadern\u00e1 bomba, kterou Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty pou\u017eily proti Hiro\u0161im\u011b.\u00a0Mezit\u00edm je zabr\u00e1n\u011bno vstupu potravin, vody, l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 pomoci, paliva a elekt\u0159iny, nebo v jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech jsou v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezeny.\u00a0P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b\u00a0<\/span>1,5 milionu civilist\u016f bylo vys\u00eddleno<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a asi\u00a0<\/span>20 000 lid\u00ed bylo zabito<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 000 bylo zran\u011bno.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Robert Inlakesh<\/strong>\u00a0je politick\u00fd analytik, novin\u00e1\u0159 a dokumentarista, kter\u00fd v sou\u010dasnosti p\u016fsob\u00ed v Lond\u00fdn\u011b ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii.\u00a0Pod\u00e1val zpr\u00e1vy z palestinsk\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed a \u017eil na nich a v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b spolupracuje s Quds News.\u00a0\u0158editel filmu \u201eKr\u00e1de\u017e stolet\u00ed: Trumpova palestinsko-izraelsk\u00e1 katastrofa\u201c.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\"Robert<\/a><\/div>\n
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 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pov\u011bst Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho trestn\u00edho soudu by mohla b\u00fdt zcela zni\u010dena, pokud zlo\u010diny proti Palestin\u011b nebudou d\u016fkladn\u011b…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":39401,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[4625,4622,6454],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42081"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42081"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42081\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39401"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42081"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42081"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42081"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}