{"id":42032,"date":"2023-12-09T00:33:17","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:33:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=42032"},"modified":"2023-12-08T16:11:11","modified_gmt":"2023-12-08T15:11:11","slug":"cop-28-neni-o-klimatu-ale-o-neokolonialnich-zajmech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/12\/09\/cop-28-neni-o-klimatu-ale-o-neokolonialnich-zajmech\/","title":{"rendered":"COP 28 nen\u00ed o klimatu, ale o neokoloni\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1jmech"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Pozad\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uprost\u0159ed divok\u00fdch tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee sv\u011bt m\u00e1 pouze do roku 2030, aby zabr\u00e1nil kolapsu civilizace v d\u016fsledku glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed a zm\u011bny klimatu, je z\u00e1hadou, \u017ee Biden navrhl vybudovat ropovod z Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu do Evropy, aby se d\u00e1le upevnilo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed fosiln\u00edch paliv as t\u00edm spojen\u00e9 emise CO2 po mnoho desetilet\u00ed do budoucna.\u00a0Biden op\u011bt nenavrhl vyu\u017e\u00edt hojnou slune\u010dn\u00ed energii v pou\u0161t\u00edch St\u0159edn\u00edho v\u00fdchodu a poslat ji do Evropy, pokud se m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslib zelen\u00e9 sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie br\u00e1t v\u00e1\u017en\u011b.\u00a0Je zde rozpor a je to z\u00e1m\u011br?\u00a0Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee klimatick\u00e1 politika se sna\u017e\u00ed up\u0159\u00edt rozvojov\u00fdm zem\u00edm vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed fosiln\u00edch paliv a souvisej\u00edc\u00edch zdroj\u016f a COP 28 toto my\u0161len\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fosiln\u00ed paliva pro bohat\u00e9 a skrovn\u00e1 adapta\u010dn\u00ed pomoc pro chud\u00e9<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

COP 28 se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 ve velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 oblasti, kter\u00e1 je jak pou\u0161\u0165, tak bohat\u00e1 na ropu.\u00a0R\u016fzn\u00e9 modely Mezivl\u00e1dn\u00edho panelu pro zm\u011bnu klimatu (IPCC), kter\u00fd je sv\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed, ale nereprezentativn\u00ed, ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt omezeno na m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 1,5 \u00b0C nad p\u0159edindustri\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovn\u00ed.\u00a0Pokud se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd je prim\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bkem a \u017ee glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed je hrozbou pro dne\u0161n\u00ed civilizaci, z n\u00ed\u017e vysp\u011bl\u00e9 zem\u011b tolik t\u011b\u017eily, pak logickou mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak sn\u00ed\u017eit oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd, by bylo bu\u010f ukon\u010den\u00ed jeho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. fosiln\u00edch paliv (a tedy emis\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho) nebo roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed lesn\u00edch ploch za \u00fa\u010delem zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed schopnosti Zem\u011b v\u00e1zat a ukl\u00e1dat CO2.\u00a0P\u0159ekvapiv\u011b tyto dv\u011b mo\u017enosti nebyly na COP 28 ani na p\u0159edchoz\u00edch konferenc\u00edch do hloubky navr\u017eeny ani prodiskutov\u00e1ny.\u00a0\u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd z v\u016fdc\u016f nenavrhl ozelen\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech nebo \u010d\u00e1sti pou\u0161t\u00ed na St\u0159edn\u00edm v\u00fdchod\u011b, co\u017e by v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eilo emise CO2 do atmosf\u00e9ry.\u00a0Stejn\u011b tak nebyl p\u0159edlo\u017een \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh na zastaven\u00ed nebo sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed produkce ropy a byla navr\u017eena pouze opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 maj\u00ed odradit od vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch zdroj\u016f ty, kte\u0159\u00ed nemaj\u00ed prosp\u011bch z v\u00fdhod industrializace ta\u017een\u00e9 uhl\u00edm a ropou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Politici jako ke\u0148sk\u00fd prezident William Ruto (\u00a0<\/span>zde<\/span><\/a>\u00a0) prohl\u00e1sili, \u017ee Afrika mus\u00ed usilovat o zelenou industrializaci, aby zachr\u00e1nila planetu p\u0159ed klimatickou katastrofou.\u00a0Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee Afrika (produkuj\u00edc\u00ed pouze 3 % celosv\u011btov\u00fdch uhl\u00edkov\u00fdch emis\u00ed) by odvr\u00e1tila klimatickou katastrofu, pokud by emise zastavila.\u00a0Logicky, pokud USA a \u010c\u00edna, kter\u00e9 jsou spole\u010dn\u011b zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovinu glob\u00e1ln\u00edch emis\u00ed CO2, sv\u00e9 emise nesn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, nem\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed a hrozb\u011b klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn.\u00a0Nicm\u00e9n\u011b vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee Biden zadal v\u00edce kontrakt\u016f na t\u011b\u017ebu ropy v USA (\u00a0<\/span>zde<\/span><\/a>\u00a0), \u017ee se N\u011bmecko vr\u00e1tilo k uheln\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m (\u00a0<\/span>zde<\/span><\/a>\u00a0) a \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed schv\u00e1lilo dal\u0161\u00ed ropn\u00e9 a plynov\u00e9 vrty v Severn\u00edm mo\u0159i (\u00a0<\/span>zde<\/span><\/a>\u00a0) a proto\u017ee tyto zem\u011b nemaj\u00ed sebevra\u017eedn\u00e9 sklony, zm\u011bna klimatu nen\u00ed o CO2 nebo klimatu.\u00a0Jde o politickou kontrolu.\u00a0Tyto zem\u011b by m\u011bly hodn\u011b co ztratit, pokud by \u201eklimatickou katastrofu\u201c vyvolaly zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 emise uhl\u00edku.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

William Ruto \u0159ekl, \u017ee sv\u011bt m\u00e1 do roku 2030 okno, aby zvr\u00e1til zm\u011bnu klimatu, jinak dojde k civiliza\u010dn\u00ed katastrof\u011b.\u00a0Ruto, kter\u00fd r\u00e1d l\u00e9t\u00e1 jako mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch v\u016fdc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed cestovali na summit COP 28 ve Spojen\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch emir\u00e1tech soukrom\u00fdmi tryskami o velikosti osobn\u00edch letadel, se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee fosiln\u00ed paliva mohou zp\u016fsobit glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed pouze tehdy, jsou-li pou\u017eita k industrializaci a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed pro chud\u00e9.\u00a0Podle zv\u011bst\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch dostal Ruto luxusn\u00ed v\u016fz Rolls Royce Phantom dovezen\u00fd pro n\u011bj.\u00a0Plyn hltaj\u00edc\u00ed mamut se zdvihov\u00fdm objemem t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 7 000 kubick\u00fdch centimetr\u016f, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit zna\u010dn\u00e9 emise CO2, Ruta podle v\u0161eho netr\u00e1p\u00ed.\u00a0Pozorovatel\u00e9 jsou podobn\u011b ohromeni dlouhou \u0159adou velkoobjemov\u00fdch vozidel Joe Bidena, kter\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k emis\u00edm CO2, i kdy\u017e pr\u00fd chce omezit glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0V Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe p\u0159ednesl Ruto dlouh\u00fd projev o tom, \u017ee Afrika pot\u0159ebuje vybudovat bezuhl\u00edkovou industrializaci.\u00a0Nikde jsem nesly\u0161el o tom, jak lze v\u011btrnou a sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energii vyu\u017e\u00edt k taven\u00ed oceli a jin\u00fdch kov\u016f nebo k budov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed sign\u00e1l, koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed pod\u00edvan\u00e1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

COP 28 se r\u00fdsuje jako zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 show, v n\u00ed\u017e \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci z vysp\u011bl\u00fdch zem\u00ed slibuj\u00ed, \u017ee nebudou fungovat, a z\u00e1stupci chud\u00fdch zem\u00ed najdou v\u00fdchodisko a omluvu, pro\u010d sv\u00e9 zem\u011b nep\u0159im\u011bt k rozvoji, aby udr\u017eeli sou\u010dasnou glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nerovnov\u00e1hu. .\u00a0Jedn\u00edm ze zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed na sch\u016fzce byla v\u00fdzva Emanuela Macrona, aby G7 do roku 2030 postupn\u011b vy\u0159adila uhl\u00ed.\u00a0V\u00ed v\u0161ak, \u017ee tyto zem\u011b uhl\u00ed nep\u0159estanou, proto\u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z nich nen\u00ed ochotna vzd\u00e1t se v\u00fdvoje a pr\u00e1ce s ocel\u00ed.\u00a0Macron lhal.\u00a0Zat\u00edmco d\u011blal toto velkolep\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b si myslel, \u017ee Francie pot\u0159ebuje v\u00edce oceli pro tanky, d\u011bla, gran\u00e1ty a lod\u011b, aby znovu z\u00edskala sv\u016fj koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed vliv v Africe.\u00a0Macron se nav\u00edc rozhodn\u011b neradil se Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce oceli na stavbu a opravy letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed a velk\u00fdch d\u011bl a m\u00e9n\u011b na civiln\u00ed pr\u016fmysl.\u00a0Zat\u00edmco Francie by se mohla alespo\u0148 vzd\u00e1t uhl\u00ed jako zdroje energie, proto\u017ee spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na jadernou energii, N\u011bmecko to neud\u011bl\u00e1 a u\u017e o\u017eivilo uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny na v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny.\u00a0Na konci roku 2022 agentury Bloomberg a NPR (\u00a0<\/span>zde<\/span><\/a>\u00a0) informovaly, \u017ee N\u011bmecko se kv\u016fli energetick\u00e9 krizi vrac\u00ed k uheln\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m v pat\u00e1ch USA, kter\u00e9 vyhod\u00ed do pov\u011bt\u0159\u00ed plynovody Nord Stream \u2013 krok, kter\u00fd d\u0159\u00edve sl\u00edbil Joe Biden a kter\u00fd podpo\u0159il Victoria Nulandov\u00e1.\u00a0Tento krok by p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159isp\u011bl ke glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed a donutil N\u011bmecko spalovat je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce uhl\u00ed, zat\u00edmco Afrika by m\u011bla usilovat o vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie.\u00a0Uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed zemn\u00edho plynu obsahuj\u00edc\u00edho metan by zp\u016fsobilo v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale m\u00e9dia a klimati\u010dt\u00ed aktivist\u00e9 se d\u00edvali jin\u00fdm sm\u011brem.\u00a0\u010cl\u00e1nek IPCC (\u00a0<\/span>zde<\/span><\/a>\u00a0) ukazuje, \u017ee metan zp\u016fsobuje glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e CO2 a p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 0,5 \u00b0C, p\u0159esto\u017ee je vypou\u0161t\u011bn v mnohem men\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00ed.\u00a0Nap\u0159\u00edklad velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed metanu uvoln\u011bn\u00e9ho po v\u00fdbuchu Nord Stream zp\u016fsobilo glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed ekvivalentn\u00ed d\u00e1nsk\u00fdm emis\u00edm CO2 za rok.<\/span><\/p>\n

Budoucnost<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee USA a bohat\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00ed zem\u011b a jejich \u201eenvironment\u00e1ln\u00ed aktivist\u00e9\u201c se nikdy nestarali o glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo zm\u011bnu klimatu a ochotn\u011b ignorovali bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed Nord Stream.\u00a0Pro n\u011bkoho je glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed povoleno, pro n\u011bkoho ne.\u00a0Bohat\u00e9 zem\u011b nab\u00edzej\u00ed chud\u00fdm zem\u00edm n\u011bjak\u00e9 pen\u00edze, aby v podstat\u011b zastavily sv\u016fj rozvoj, a ty prvn\u00ed mohou vypou\u0161t\u011bt tolik CO2, kolik cht\u011bj\u00ed.\u00a0N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed afri\u010dt\u00ed v\u016fdci byli nuceni \u017eebrat o pen\u00edze na \u201ep\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed se klimatu\u201c a zastaven\u00ed industrializace.\u00a0Mezit\u00edm budou bohat\u00e9 zem\u011b pokra\u010dovat ve vrt\u00e1n\u00ed a t\u011b\u017eb\u011b fosiln\u00edch paliv, zat\u00edmco rostouc\u00ed CO2 a metan v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e budou i nad\u00e1le vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny ke stra\u0161en\u00ed rozvojov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.\u00a0Macron, kter\u00fd na COP 28 navrhl, aby zem\u011b G-7 postupn\u011b p\u0159estaly vyu\u017e\u00edvat uhl\u00ed do roku 2030, sl\u00edbil z\u00e1kaz pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ropy a plynu do roku 2040.\u00a0Toto prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed m\u00e1 p\u0159im\u011bt rozvojov\u00e9 zem\u011b k podobn\u00fdm z\u00e1vazk\u016fm, zat\u00edmco Francie a G7 tento z\u00e1vazek nedodr\u017e\u00ed.\u00a0Z\u00e1padn\u00ed zem\u011b poru\u0161uj\u00ed sv\u00e9 slovo.\u00a0USA tedy podepsaly Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017eskou klimatickou dohodu a po\u017eadovaly, aby ji v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed zem\u011b dodr\u017eovaly, ale pak od n\u00ed moud\u0159e ode\u0161ly a obvinily Trumpa.\u00a0Kv\u016fli tomuto a dal\u0161\u00edm precedent\u016fm vysp\u011bl\u00e9 zem\u011b sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky v oblasti klimatu nespln\u00ed nebo se jich vzdaj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

*<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Simon Chege Ndiritu je africk\u00fd politick\u00fd pozorovatel a v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd analytik, kter\u00fd pracuje v\u00fdhradn\u011b pro online magaz\u00edn New Eastern Outlook.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pozad\u00ed Uprost\u0159ed divok\u00fdch tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee sv\u011bt m\u00e1 pouze do roku 2030, aby zabr\u00e1nil kolapsu civilizace…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":42033,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[2692,6450,67,873,276],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42032"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42032"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42032\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/42033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42032"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42032"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42032"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}