{"id":40182,"date":"2023-11-15T01:02:22","date_gmt":"2023-11-15T00:02:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=40182"},"modified":"2023-11-14T14:32:54","modified_gmt":"2023-11-14T13:32:54","slug":"velky-prulom-vedci-objevili-kill-switch-ktery-zabiji-rakovinne-bunky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/11\/15\/velky-prulom-vedci-objevili-kill-switch-ktery-zabiji-rakovinne-bunky\/","title":{"rendered":"Velk\u00fd pr\u016flom: V\u011bdci objevili ‚kill switch‘, kter\u00fd zab\u00edj\u00ed rakovinn\u00e9 bu\u0148ky"},"content":{"rendered":"
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T\u00fdm americk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f ozn\u00e1mil objev \u201esp\u00edna\u010de zab\u00edjen\u00ed\u201c, kter\u00fd spou\u0161t\u00ed smrt rakovinn\u00fdch bun\u011bk u lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Objev je oslavov\u00e1n jako z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pr\u016flom v boji proti rakovin\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eKill switch\u201c objevili v\u011bdci z UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center v Sacramentu v Kalifornii.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bdci identifikovali protein na receptoru CD95, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee \u201enaprogramovat\u201c rakovinn\u00e9 bu\u0148ky k smrti.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky byly pops\u00e1ny ve\u00a0<\/span>studii<\/span><\/a>\u00a0publikovan\u00e9 v \u010dasopise Nature (Cell Death & Differentiation).<\/span><\/p>\n

Receptor je protein v bu\u0148ce, kter\u00fd p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 a vys\u00edl\u00e1 sign\u00e1ly.<\/span><\/p>\n

Receptory CD95 \u2013 tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 Fas \u2013 byly p\u0159ezd\u00edv\u00e1ny \u201ereceptory smrti\u201c, proto\u017ee vys\u00edlaj\u00ed sign\u00e1l, kter\u00fd zp\u016fsobuje \u201esamodestrukci\u201c rakovinn\u00fdch bun\u011bk, podle tiskov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy UC Davis.<\/span><\/p>\n

„P\u0159edchoz\u00ed pokusy specificky napadnout tento receptor byly ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9,“ vysv\u011btluje Jogender Tushir-Singh, docent na kated\u0159e l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 mikrobiologie a imunologie a hlavn\u00ed autor studie.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Ale te\u010f, kdy\u017e jsme identifikovali tento epitop (c\u00edl), m\u016f\u017ee existovat terapeutick\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak zac\u00edlit Fas v n\u00e1dorech.“<\/span><\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci jsou p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee budouc\u00ed l\u00e9ky na rakovinu by mohly zv\u00fd\u0161it aktivitu t\u011bchto receptor\u016f CD95 a vytvo\u0159it novou zbra\u0148 proti rakovinn\u00fdm n\u00e1dor\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0159\u00edve se rakovinn\u00e9 n\u00e1dory l\u00e9\u010dily chirurgicky, chemoterapi\u00ed a oza\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm.
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\nImunitn\u00ed terapie, jako je terapie CAR-T bu\u0148kami (terapie chim\u00e9rick\u00fdm antigenn\u00edm receptorem), se uk\u00e1zaly jako slibn\u00e9 u podskupiny pacient\u016f, ale maj\u00ed omezenou \u00fa\u010dinnost u mnoha typ\u016f rakoviny.<\/span><\/p>\n

„A\u010dkoli jsou docela \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 u tekut\u00fdch n\u00e1dor\u016f, jako je spektrum leuk\u00e9mie, dlouhodob\u00e1 remise z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzvou pro CAR T-bun\u011b\u010dnou terapii,“ dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Tushir-Singh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzvou pro tuto terapii, kter\u00e1 obvykle stoj\u00ed 500 000 dolar\u016f nebo v\u00edce, je to, \u017ee prok\u00e1zala pouze „st\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch“ v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b pevn\u00fdch n\u00e1dor\u016f, \u0159ekl.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Na\u0161e studie poskytuje komplexn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed k p\u0159em\u011bn\u011b slab\u00e9ho \u00fasp\u011bchu terapi\u00ed CAR-T na potenci\u00e1ln\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 [terapie] solidn\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f.“<\/span><\/p>\n

Nov\u011b objeven\u00fd \u201ezab\u00edjec\u00ed p\u0159ep\u00edna\u010d\u201c by mohl zab\u00edt n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pomoci zefektivnit imunoterapii \u2013 \u201epotenci\u00e1ln\u00ed dvojit\u00e1 r\u00e1na proti n\u00e1dor\u016fm,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed se v prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Dosud se v\u0161ak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd l\u00e9k zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed CD95 nedostal do klinick\u00fdch studi\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Navzdory mnoha pr\u016flom\u016fm v imunoterapii rakoviny je c\u00edlen\u00ed na Fas st\u00e1le zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1no, z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti kv\u016fli strachu z odvety proti T bu\u0148k\u00e1m imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu,“ vysv\u011btluje Tushir-Singh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e1 omezen\u00ed \u2013 zejm\u00e9na je k dispozici m\u00e1lo \u00fadaj\u016f z klinick\u00fdch studi\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tushir-Singh v\u0161ak poznamenal, \u017ee v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci rakoviny nyn\u00ed mohou sb\u00edrat vzorky lidsk\u00fdch n\u00e1dor\u016f z klinick\u00fdch studi\u00ed a prov\u00e1d\u011bt nov\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy ve sv\u011btle t\u011bchto v\u00fdsledk\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee \u00fasp\u011bch terapie CAR-T z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zab\u00edjen\u00ed mimo c\u00edl ze strany Fas,“ \u0159ekl.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eSe sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi informacemi bychom my v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci a l\u00e9ka\u0159i m\u011bli prov\u011b\u0159ovat potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed pacienty s rakovinou \u2013 kte\u0159\u00ed by podstoupili terapii CAR-T \u2013 na p\u0159\u00edtomnost Fas v jejich n\u00e1dorech,\u201c pokra\u010doval.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201ePokud pacient nem\u00e1 expresi Fas ve sv\u00fdch n\u00e1dorech, mus\u00edme naj\u00edt zp\u016fsoby, jak s t\u011bmito n\u00e1dory bezpe\u010dn\u011b manipulovat a p\u0159em\u011bnit je na Fas p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 terapie CAR.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Toto by pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska u\u010dinilo CAR efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.“<\/span><\/p>\n

Vzhledem k tomuto pr\u016flomu m\u00e1 Tushir-Singh nad\u011bji na budoucnost l\u00e9\u010dby rakoviny.<\/span><\/p>\n

„D\u00edky n\u00e1stupu protirakovinov\u00e9 imunoterapie a dal\u0161\u00edch c\u00edlen\u00fdch terapi\u00ed celkov\u00fd v\u00fdskyt rakoviny v posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00edch v\u00fdrazn\u011b poklesl,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eKa\u017ed\u00fd den \u010dtu o vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdzkumu, kter\u00fd se prov\u00e1d\u00ed ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, aby porazil rakovinu.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Lid\u00e9 by m\u011bli z\u016fstat pozitivn\u00ed.“<\/span><\/p>\n

„P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed pr\u016flom je jen nedalek\u00fd experiment,“ dodal Tushir-Singh.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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ZDROJ<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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T\u00fdm americk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f ozn\u00e1mil objev \u201esp\u00edna\u010de zab\u00edjen\u00ed\u201c, kter\u00fd spou\u0161t\u00ed smrt rakovinn\u00fdch bun\u011bk u lid\u00ed. Objev…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":38281,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1453,5235,1366,1561],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40182"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40182"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40182\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38281"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}