{"id":39344,"date":"2023-11-01T01:12:06","date_gmt":"2023-11-01T00:12:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=39344"},"modified":"2023-10-31T19:07:19","modified_gmt":"2023-10-31T18:07:19","slug":"vedci-zjistili-ze-alzheimerova-choroba-je-zpusobena-houbovitou-infekci-v-mozku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/11\/01\/vedci-zjistili-ze-alzheimerova-choroba-je-zpusobena-houbovitou-infekci-v-mozku\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee Alzheimerova choroba je zp\u016fsobena houbovitou infekc\u00ed v mozku"},"content":{"rendered":"
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T\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f z Baylorovy l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty zjistil, \u017ee v\u0161ichni lid\u00e9 s Alzheimerovou chorobou maj\u00ed mozek infikovan\u00fd jednou b\u011b\u017en\u011b se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed houbou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento pr\u016flomov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum m\u00e1 obrovsk\u00e9 d\u016fsledky na zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm bude Alzheimerova choroba v budoucnu l\u00e9\u010dena a jak j\u00ed lze p\u0159edch\u00e1zet.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pomoc\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch model\u016f v\u011bdci zjistili, jak houba zvan\u00e1 Candida albicans (C. albicans), n\u011bkdy ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 tak\u00e9 za pl\u00edse\u0148 nebo kvasinku, vstupuje do mozku, aktivuje mechanismy pro jej\u00ed odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed peptidy podobn\u00e9 amyloidu beta (A\u03b2) \u2013 co\u017e jsou toxick\u00e9 proteinov\u00e9 fragmenty zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00ed Alzheimerovu chorobu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Str\u00e1nka\u00a0<\/span>Zerohedge.com<\/span><\/a>\u00a0k t\u00e9matu uv\u00e1d\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eP\u0159edchoz\u00ed v\u00fdzkumy nazna\u010dovaly, \u017ee houby maj\u00ed pod\u00edl na rozvoji chronick\u00fdch neurodegenerativn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je Alzheimerova choroba, ale jejich mechanismy nebyly zcela pochopeny.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

M\u00e1 Alzheimerova choroba mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Samostatn\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>recenze<\/span><\/a>\u00a0publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise NeuroSci v roce 2022 zkoumala ot\u00e1zku, zda m\u00e1 demence mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159ezkouman\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f dosp\u011bla zpr\u00e1va k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee infek\u010dn\u00ed patogenn\u00ed organismy, jako jsou houby (kvasinky, pl\u00edsn\u011b), mohou hr\u00e1t roli v procesu, jeho\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm se vyv\u00edj\u00ed Alzheimerova choroba a jin\u00e9 formy demence.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e laborato\u0159 m\u00e1 dlouholet\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti se studiem hub, a tak jsme se pustili do studia souvislosti mezi Candidou albicans a Alzheimerovou chorobou na zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch modelech,\u201c \u0159ekl<\/span><\/em>\u00a0Dr.\u00a0David Corry, jeden z autor\u016f studie a profesor patologie, imunologie a medic\u00edny na Baylorovy l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakult\u011b v tiskov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b ze dne 17. \u0159\u00edjna 2023.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eV roce 2019 jsme informovali, \u017ee Candida albicans se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do mozku, kde zp\u016fsobuje zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 jsou velmi podobn\u00e9 t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 se vyskytuj\u00ed p\u0159i Alzheimerov\u011b chorob\u011b.\u00a0Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 studie roz\u0161i\u0159uje tuto pr\u00e1ci o pochopen\u00ed molekul\u00e1rn\u00edch mechanism\u016f rozvoje tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Na\u0161e prvn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka byla, jak se Candida albicans dostane do mozku?\u00a0Zjistili jsme, \u017ee produkuje enzymy zvan\u00e9 secernovan\u00e9 asparagov\u00e9 prote\u00e1zy (SAPS), kter\u00e9 naru\u0161uj\u00ed hematoencefalickou bari\u00e9ru a poskytuj\u00ed houb\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edstup do mozku, kde n\u00e1sledn\u011b zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed,\u201c \u0159ekl Yifan Wu, hlavn\u00ed autor studie a postgradu\u00e1ln\u00ed doktorant v pediatrii<\/span><\/em>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm c\u00edlem v\u011bdc\u016f bylo zjistit, jak je mozek schopen vy\u010distit vzniklou infekci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dr.\u00a0Corry a jeho kolegov\u00e9 provedli p\u0159edchoz\u00ed v\u00fdzkum, kter\u00fd uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee infekce v mozku zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 Candidou albicans m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u zdrav\u00fdch my\u0161\u00ed zcela vyl\u00e9\u010dena ji\u017e za deset dn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed publikovan\u00e1 v Nature Communications v lednu 2019 uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee houbov\u00e1 infekce byla vyl\u00e9\u010dena v d\u016fsledku dvou mechanism\u016f, kter\u00e9 spustila samotn\u00e1 houba ve specifick\u00fdch mozkov\u00fdch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch naz\u00fdvan\u00fdch mikroglie.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mikroglie jsou typem gliov\u00fdch bun\u011bk um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch v mozku a m\u00ed\u0161e a p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10 a\u017e 15 procent bun\u011bk nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch se v mozku.\u00a0Mikroglie p\u016fsob\u00ed jako prim\u00e1rn\u00ed linie obrany imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a \u010dist\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m od patogenn\u00edch organism\u016f, po\u0161kozen\u00fdch neuron\u016f a jin\u00e9ho ciz\u00edho materi\u00e1lu pomoc\u00ed procesu zvan\u00e9ho fagocyt\u00f3za.<\/span><\/p>\n

V t\u00e9to studii v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci prok\u00e1zali, \u017ee peptidy podobn\u00e9 A\u03b2 mohou b\u00fdt vytv\u00e1\u0159eny Candidou albicans, kter\u00e1 byla nalezena v mozc\u00edch lid\u00ed s Alzheimerovou chorobou, jako\u017e iu lid\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi chronick\u00fdmi neurodegenerativn\u00edmi poruchami.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Co je Candida albicans<\/span><\/h2>\n

Candida albicans je b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 houba (ve form\u011b kvasinky) a vyskytuje se v gastrointestin\u00e1ln\u00edm traktu, v \u00fastech, na k\u016f\u017ei a v reproduk\u010dn\u00edm traktu v\u011bt\u0161iny lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 a Candida albicans maj\u00ed komplikovan\u00fd vz\u00e1jemn\u00fd vztah, jeliko\u017e v\u011bt\u0161inu \u010dasu je candida ne\u0161kodn\u00e1.\u00a0Jednodu\u0161e je \u010dlenem zdrav\u00e9 mikrofl\u00f3ry.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jedn\u00e1 se v\u0161ak o jeden z m\u00e1la druh\u016f hub, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed u lid\u00ed a je zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za infekce, kter\u00e9 sahaj\u00ed od povrchov\u00fdch infekc\u00ed sliznice a k\u016f\u017ee, jako jsou afty,\u00a0<\/span>plenkov\u00e9<\/span><\/a>\u00a0vyr\u00e1\u017eky \u010di vagin\u00e1ln\u00ed kvasinkov\u00e9 infekce, a\u017e po z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed infekce, jako je invazivn\u00ed kandid\u00f3za, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit krev, srdce, mozek a kosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Infekce zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 Candidou albicans jsou obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pro lidi s oslaben\u00fdm imunitn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem, jako jsou pacienti s AIDS, lid\u00e9 podstupuj\u00edc\u00ed imunosupresivn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu rakoviny, pacienti s transplantovan\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny a jin\u00e9 podobn\u00e9 stavy deficitu imunity.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto potla\u010den\u00ed obranyschopnosti t\u011bla je jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se u n\u011bkter\u00fdch lid\u00ed rozvinou infekce Candidy albicans po u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed antibiotik, nebo\u0165 doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch bakteri\u00ed ve st\u0159ev\u011b.\u00a0To zp\u016fsobuje bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed nerovnov\u00e1hu a umo\u017e\u0148uje Candide albicans nekontrolovan\u011b se mno\u017eit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Candida dok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt i mimo t\u011blo a m\u00e1 schopnost kolonizovat ka\u017ed\u00fd lidsk\u00fd org\u00e1n a tk\u00e1\u0148.\u00a0Podle\u00a0<\/span>Encyklopedie mikrobiologie<\/span><\/a>\u00a0je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch pl\u00eds\u0148ov\u00fdch infekc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00edce d\u016fkaz\u016f, kter\u00e9 spojuj\u00ed houby s neurodegenerativn\u00edmi chorobami<\/span><\/h2>\n

V\u00a0<\/span>lednov\u00e9m p\u0159ehledu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0publikovan\u00e9m v medic\u00ednsk\u00e9m \u017eurn\u00e1lu\u00a0<\/span>Frontiers in Immunology<\/span><\/em>\u00a0v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zkoumali roli hub p\u0159i autoimunitn\u00edch a neurodegenerativn\u00edch poruch\u00e1ch centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/span><\/p>\n

V p\u0159ehledu se uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b st\u00e1le v\u00edce d\u016fkaz\u016f poukazuje na roli perifern\u00edch hub p\u0159i spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011btu, imunitn\u00ed odpov\u011bdi a zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00e9 \u0159ady neinfek\u010dn\u00edch poruch centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu (CNS), v\u010detn\u011b roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy, Parkinsonovy choroby a Alzheimerovy choroby.<\/span><\/p>\n

V p\u0159ehledu se dosp\u011blo k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee houba m\u016f\u017ee spustit z\u00e1n\u011bt prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch mechanism\u016f v progresi neinfek\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed CNS, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee je rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed pro v\u00fdvoj budouc\u00edch terapeutick\u00fdch terapi\u00ed a l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch strategi\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie z roku 2015 publikovan\u00e1 v \u017eurn\u00e1lu\u00a0<\/span>Scientific Reports<\/span><\/em>\u00a0uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkolik v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f navrhlo mo\u017enost, \u017ee Alzheimerova choroba m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu.\u00a0V\u011bdci na\u0161li d\u016fkaz, \u017ee tk\u00e1n\u011b z centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu (kter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed mozek a m\u00edchu) pacient\u016f s Alzheimerovou chorobou obsahuj\u00ed bu\u0148ky hub.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto houbovit\u00e9 bu\u0148ky byly nalezeny v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech mozku, v\u010detn\u011b vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010deln\u00ed k\u016fry, cerebel\u00e1rn\u00ed hemisf\u00e9ry, entorhin\u00e1ln\u00edho kortexu\/hipokampu a plexusu choroideus.\u00a0Uveden\u00e9 houbov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly nebyly p\u0159\u00edtomny u kontroln\u00edch jedinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed nem\u011bli Alzheimerovu chorobu.\u00a0V\u011bdci ve sv\u00fdch vzorc\u00edch identifikovali n\u011bkolik r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f hub.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 jsou i pozn\u00e1mky autor\u016f studie o tom, \u017ee pl\u00eds\u0148ov\u00e1 infekce byla nalezena iv krevn\u00edch c\u00e9v\u00e1ch, co\u017e by mohlo vysv\u011btlit vaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed patologii, kter\u00e1 se \u010dasto vyskytuje u pacient\u016f s Alzheimerovou chorobou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed poskytuj\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00fd d\u016fkaz, \u017ee tyto pl\u00eds\u0148ov\u00e9 infekce jsou p\u0159\u00edtomny v centr\u00e1ln\u00edm nervov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu pacient\u016f s Alzheimerovou chorobou, ale ne u zdrav\u00fdch jedinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed slou\u017eili jako kontroln\u00ed vzorek.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/span><\/h2>\n

T\u00e9matu p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby houbovit\u00fdch (kvasinkov\u00fdch) infekc\u00ed se samostatn\u011b v\u011bnujeme v elektronick\u00e9 knize, kterou jsme p\u0159ed \u010dasem publikovali.\u00a0V\u00edce informac\u00ed o n\u00ed v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b najdete\u00a0<\/span>ZDE<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0ao \u010desk\u00e9 verzi e-knihy\u00a0<\/span>ZDE<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

V knize se doz\u00edte o nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u00e1ch vzniku kvasinkov\u00fdch infekc\u00ed, souvislostech s jin\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, jak rozli\u0161it kvasinkovou infekci od jin\u00fdch druh\u016f infekce, kdy j\u00edt k l\u00e9ka\u0159i, jak zabr\u00e1nit nekontrolovan\u00e9mu mno\u017een\u00ed Candidy albicans, kter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed strategie \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00ed, kdy je t\u0159eba u\u017e\u00edvat l\u00e9ky na p\u0159edpis, jak\u00e1 jsou stravovac\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00ed a mnoh\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 informace.<\/span><\/p>\n

Autor: Sean Adl-Tabatabai, Zdroj:\u00a0<\/span>thepeoplesvoice.tv<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

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T\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f z Baylorovy l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty zjistil, \u017ee v\u0161ichni lid\u00e9 s Alzheimerovou chorobou maj\u00ed mozek…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":39345,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[2958,6032,839,1561,21],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39344"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39344"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39344\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39344"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39344"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39344"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}