{"id":38154,"date":"2023-10-14T01:15:01","date_gmt":"2023-10-13T23:15:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=38154"},"modified":"2023-10-13T17:49:04","modified_gmt":"2023-10-13T15:49:04","slug":"vedci-prave-vytvorili-chimeru-hybrid-cloveka-a-prasete","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/10\/14\/vedci-prave-vytvorili-chimeru-hybrid-cloveka-a-prasete\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u011bdci pr\u00e1v\u011b vytvo\u0159ili chim\u00e9ru – hybrid \u010dlov\u011bka a prasete"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V\u011bdci ozn\u00e1mili, \u017ee vytvo\u0159ili prvn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 hybridy \u010dlov\u011bka a zv\u00ed\u0159ete.\u00a0Jejich kontroverzn\u00ed projekt dokazuje, \u017ee lidsk\u00e9 bu\u0148ky mohou b\u00fdt zavedeny do nelidsk\u00e9ho organismu, p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt a dokonce r\u016fst uvnit\u0159 hostitelsk\u00e9ho zv\u00ed\u0159ete, v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b prasat.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bdci doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee embrya lidsko-prase\u010d\u00ed chim\u00e9ry p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 kroky sm\u011brem k \u017eivot zachra\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edm org\u00e1n\u016fm vyp\u011bstovan\u00fdm v laborato\u0159i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Co by se asi tak mohlo pokazit?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Str\u00e1nka\u00a0<\/span>Glob\u00e1l Research<\/span><\/a>\u00a0uv\u00e1d\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento biomedic\u00ednsk\u00fd pokrok byl dlouho snem a tr\u00e1pen\u00edm pro v\u011bdce, kte\u0159\u00ed doufali, \u017ee vy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed kritick\u00fd nedostatek d\u00e1rcovsk\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Co kdybyste m\u00edsto toho, abyste spol\u00e9hali na \u0161t\u011bdr\u00e9ho d\u00e1rce, mohli si p\u011bstovat vlastn\u00ed org\u00e1n uvnit\u0159 zv\u00ed\u0159ete?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eDnes jsme o krok bl\u00ed\u017ee k takov\u00e9 realit\u011b,\u201c<\/span><\/em>\u00a0informuje mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed t\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f pod veden\u00edm Salkova institutu v \u010dasopise Cell.\u00a0T\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f vytvo\u0159il to, co je v\u011bdecky zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako chim\u00e9ra \u2013 organismus, kter\u00fd obsahuje bu\u0148ky ze dvou r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

V minulosti byly lidsko-zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed chim\u00e9ry nedosa\u017eiteln\u00e9.\u00a0Takov\u00e9 experimenty v sou\u010dasnosti v USA nemohou b\u00fdt financov\u00e1ny z ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f (dosud se Salk\u016fv t\u00fdm p\u0159i projektu chim\u00e9ry spol\u00e9hal na soukrom\u00e9 d\u00e1rce).<\/span><\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho i ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed brzdilo vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed organism\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou z\u010d\u00e1sti lidmi a z\u010d\u00e1sti zv\u00ed\u0159aty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle hlavn\u00edho autora studie Jun Wu ze Salkova institutu, abychom z\u00edskali jinou perspektivu, m\u011bli bychom se pod\u00edvat na m\u00fdtick\u00e9 chim\u00e9ry \u2013 jako jsou hybridy \u010dlov\u011bka a pt\u00e1k\u016f, kter\u00e9 zn\u00e1me jako and\u011bly.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u201eVe starov\u011bk\u00fdch civilizac\u00edch byly chim\u00e9ry spojov\u00e1ny s Bohy a na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 si mysleli, \u017ee chim\u00e9rick\u00e1 forma \u017eivota m\u016f\u017ee ochr\u00e1nit lidi.\u00a0T\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f v jist\u00e9m smyslu douf\u00e1, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b toto hybridy lid\u00ed a zv\u00ed\u0159at jednoho dne ud\u011blaj\u00ed.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed chim\u00e9ry<\/span><\/h2>\n

Existuj\u00ed dva zp\u016fsoby, jak vytvo\u0159it chim\u00e9ru.\u00a0Prvn\u00edm je zaveden\u00ed org\u00e1n\u016f jednoho zv\u00ed\u0159ete do druh\u00e9ho \u2013 to je ov\u0161em riskantn\u00ed, proto\u017ee imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m hostitele m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit odm\u00edtnut\u00ed org\u00e1nu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed metodou je za\u010d\u00edt na embryon\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni, kdy se vlo\u017e\u00ed bu\u0148ky jednoho zv\u00ed\u0159ete do embrya druh\u00e9ho a nechaj\u00ed se spolu r\u016fst do hybridu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zn\u00ed to zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u011b, ale je to d\u016fmysln\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak nakonec vy\u0159e\u0161it mno\u017estv\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdch biologick\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f s org\u00e1ny vyp\u011bstovan\u00fdmi v laborato\u0159i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e v\u011bdci objevili kmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky \u2013 hlavn\u00ed bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eou produkovat jak\u00fdkoli druh t\u011blesn\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b \u2013 zd\u00e1lo se, \u017ee nab\u00edzej\u00ed nekone\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 mo\u017enosti.\u00a0Ale p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit tyto bu\u0148ky, aby rostly do t\u011bch spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch druh\u016f tk\u00e1n\u00ed a org\u00e1n\u016f, je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu\u0148ky mus\u00ed p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt v Petriho misk\u00e1ch.\u00a0V\u011bdci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed kostry (p\u0159edp\u0159ipraven\u00e9 formy), aby se ujistili, \u017ee org\u00e1ny narostou do spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho tvaru.\u00a0\u010casto v\u0161ak pacienti mus\u00ed podstoupit bolestiv\u00e9 a invazivn\u00ed procedury, aby v\u011bdci z\u00edskali bu\u0148ky pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro tento proces.<\/span><\/p>\n

Juan Carlos Ispizua Belmonte, profesor laborato\u0159e genov\u00e9 exprese v Salkov\u00e9m institutu, si zpo\u010d\u00e1tku myslel, \u017ee koncept pou\u017eit\u00ed hostitelsk\u00e9ho embrya pro r\u016fst org\u00e1n\u016f je dostate\u010dn\u011b jednoduch\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ispizuovi a jeho v\u00edce ne\u017e 40 spolupracovn\u00edk\u016fm v\u0161ak trvalo a\u017e \u010dty\u0159i roky, ne\u017e p\u0159i\u0161li na to, jak vyrobit chim\u00e9ru \u010dlov\u011bka a zv\u00ed\u0159ete.<\/span><\/p>\n

Autor: Niamh Harris,\u00a0<\/span>thepeoplesvoice.tv<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u011bdci ozn\u00e1mili, \u017ee vytvo\u0159ili prvn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 hybridy \u010dlov\u011bka a zv\u00ed\u0159ete.\u00a0Jejich kontroverzn\u00ed projekt dokazuje, \u017ee lidsk\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":38155,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1712,6092,1561],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38154"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38154"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38156,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38154\/revisions\/38156"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}