{"id":37595,"date":"2023-10-06T01:03:23","date_gmt":"2023-10-05T23:03:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=37595"},"modified":"2023-10-05T14:03:57","modified_gmt":"2023-10-05T12:03:57","slug":"co-si-mysli-1600-vedcu-o-umele-inteligenci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/10\/06\/co-si-mysli-1600-vedcu-o-umele-inteligenci\/","title":{"rendered":"Co si mysl\u00ed 1600 v\u011bdc\u016f o um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Odpov\u011bdi od v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 600 v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f odhaluj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nad\u011bje a obavy z oblasti um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence ve v\u011bd\u011b.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Exploze generativn\u00ed technologie um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence m\u011bn\u00ed sv\u011bt pr\u00e1ce, v\u010detn\u011b v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu.\u00a0Velk\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 modely (LLM), jako je ChatGPT, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed koherentn\u00ed odpov\u011bdi zalo\u017een\u00e9 na obrovsk\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed dat.\u00a0Tato schopnost nab\u00edz\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fd potenci\u00e1l pro v\u011bdu, od pomoci p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b n\u00e1vrh\u016f financov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u017e po objevov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch molekul.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bdci ve v\u011bdeck\u00e9 anal\u00fdze zjistili, \u017ee osm procent v\u0161ech v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch prac\u00ed ve fyzice, zdrav\u00ed, spole\u010densk\u00fdch v\u011bd\u00e1ch a v\u011bd\u00e1ch o \u017eiv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b zmi\u0148uje AI v n\u00e1zvu nebo abstraktu \u2013 co\u017e je n\u00e1r\u016fst o p\u011bt procentn\u00edch bod\u016f oproti roku 2013. V informatice byl tento pod\u00edl vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. ne\u017e jedno \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edtomnost um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence st\u00e1le roste, novin\u00e1\u0159i z p\u0159edn\u00edho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho \u010dasopisu\u00a0<\/span>Nature cht\u011bli v\u011bd\u011bt<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, co si v\u011bdci mysl\u00ed o pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence ve v\u00fdzkumu.\u00a0Richard Van Noorden a Jeffrey M. Perkel provedli pr\u016fzkum a sv\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky zve\u0159ejnili minul\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc v Nature.<\/span><\/p>\n

Van Noorden a Perkel poslali v\u011bdc\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed ned\u00e1vno publikovali, dotazn\u00edk a zeptali se jich na jejich n\u00e1zory na AI.\u00a0Do kone\u010dn\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy bylo zahrnuto 1 659 platn\u00fdch odpov\u011bd\u00ed v\u011bdc\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dastn\u00edci byli geograficky r\u016fznorod\u00ed: t\u0159etina respondent\u016f \u017eila v Evrop\u011b, 28 procent v Asii a 20 procent v Severn\u00ed Americe.\u00a0Noorden a Perkel v\u0161ak poukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee \u201ev\u00fdzkumn\u00edci se z\u00e1jmem o um\u011blou inteligenci mnohem pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bji odpov\u011bd\u011bli na pozv\u00e1n\u00ed k pr\u016fzkumu, tak\u017ee v\u00fdsledky nejsou reprezentativn\u00ed pro v\u0161echny v\u011bdce\u201c.\u00a0Pouze necel\u00e1 polovina \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo vyv\u00edjela nebo studovala um\u011blou inteligenci, co\u017e zd\u016fraz\u0148uje tento nedostatek reprezentativnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Anal\u00fdza odpov\u011bd\u00ed odhalila, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f pova\u017eovala AI za u\u017eite\u010dnou, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e t\u0159icet procent samo AI pou\u017eilo pro v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely.\u00a0Na dotaz na seznam mo\u017en\u00fdch v\u00fdhod dv\u011b t\u0159etiny respondent\u016f uvedly, \u017ee AI podporuje v\u011bdeckou pr\u00e1ci t\u00edm, \u017ee zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 informace rychleji, a v\u00edce ne\u017e polovina uvedla, \u017ee urychluje v\u00fdpo\u010dty a \u0161et\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdc\u016fm \u010das i pen\u00edze.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed AI ve v\u00fdzkumu, v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dtvrtina v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1stroje AI budou v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm desetilet\u00ed pro jejich obor \u201enepostradateln\u00e9\u201c, a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee budou \u201evelmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9\u201c.\u00a0Respondenti, kte\u0159\u00ed nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed AI ve v\u00fdzkumu, m\u011bli ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ohledn\u011b u\u017eite\u010dnosti technologie, a\u010dkoli 34 % st\u00e1le uvedlo, \u017ee by byla \u201evelmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee byla um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence pova\u017eov\u00e1na za velmi u\u017eite\u010dnou, pouze 13 % respondent\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed tuto technologii pou\u017e\u00edvali, uvedlo, \u017ee ji pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e jednou t\u00fddn\u011b.\u00a0Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm d\u016fvodem pro pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence u v\u0161ech \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f byly nav\u00edc osobn\u00ed kreativn\u00ed projekty, kter\u00e9 nesouvisely s v\u00fdzkumem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Respondenti uvedli \u0159adu probl\u00e9m\u016f s um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vysv\u011btluj\u00ed, pro\u010d tuto technologii ve sv\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.\u00a0Nej\u010dast\u011bji uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdm negativn\u00edm dopadem um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence na v\u011bdu je rostouc\u00ed spol\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed na rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vzor\u016f sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e na porozum\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00edm.\u00a0Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my pat\u0159il n\u00e1r\u016fst zkreslen\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f a diskriminace, napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed podvod\u016fm a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nereprodukovateln\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eStrojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ob\u010das u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9, ale um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence nad\u011bl\u00e1 v\u00edce \u0161kody ne\u017e u\u017eitku.\u00a0Vede to k fale\u0161n\u00fdm objev\u016fm, proto\u017ee v\u011bdci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed AI, ani\u017e by v\u011bd\u011bli, co d\u011blaj\u00ed,\u201c \u0159ekl jeden z \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Objevily se tak\u00e9 obavy o budoucnost AI.\u00a0V\u00edce ne\u017e 60 % \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f vyj\u00e1d\u0159ilo obavy z \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed, n\u00e1r\u016fstu plagi\u00e1torstv\u00ed a n\u00e1r\u016fstu nep\u0159esnost\u00ed ve v\u00fdzkumu.\u00a0Mimo akademickou sf\u00e9ru dv\u011b t\u0159etiny respondent\u016f vyj\u00e1d\u0159ily obavy ohledn\u011b zbran\u00ed AI a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed AI.<\/span><\/p>\n

V souladu s t\u011bmito zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edmi v\u00edce ne\u017e 39 % dosp\u011bl\u00fdch ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed ozna\u010dilo v pr\u016fzkumu ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed \u201enebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 roboty\u201c za nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed riziko AI.\u00a0Zat\u00edmco v\u0161ak tento pr\u016fzkum uv\u00e1d\u011bl \u201erostouc\u00ed nezam\u011bstnanost\u201c jako nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed riziko, m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e \u010dtvrtina v\u011bdc\u016f v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 studii byla t\u00edmto rizikem \u201evelmi znepokojena\u201c nebo \u201eextr\u00e9mn\u011b znepokojena\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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ZDROJ<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Odpov\u011bdi od v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 600 v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f odhaluj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nad\u011bje a obavy z oblasti…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":34635,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[3101,489,2194,1561],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37595"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37595"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37595\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37595"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37595"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37595"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}