{"id":36495,"date":"2023-09-19T01:07:17","date_gmt":"2023-09-18T23:07:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=36495"},"modified":"2023-09-18T18:57:37","modified_gmt":"2023-09-18T16:57:37","slug":"na-ceste-k-dominanci-cina-je-v-rychlem-technologickem-pruhu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/09\/19\/na-ceste-k-dominanci-cina-je-v-rychlem-technologickem-pruhu\/","title":{"rendered":"Na cest\u011b k dominanci: \u010c\u00edna je v rychl\u00e9m technologick\u00e9m pruhu"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><span>Nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum Australsk\u00e9ho institutu pro strategickou politiku (ASPI) nazna\u010duje, \u017ee \u010c\u00edna p\u0159edstihla z\u00e1padn\u00ed st\u00e1ty v 80 procentech v\u0161ech kritick\u00fdch technologi\u00ed budoucnosti.\u00a0Ve skute\u010dnosti u\u017e Evropan\u00e9 nehraj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou roli.\u00a0Za pouh\u00fdch n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed by \u010c\u00edna mohla hr\u00e1t glob\u00e1ln\u00ed roli ekvivalentn\u00ed roli evropsk\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f b\u011bhem koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00e9ry.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>D\u00edky n\u011bkolika faktor\u016fm se zd\u00e1, \u017ee \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 republika je na rychl\u00e9 cest\u011b, pokud jde o glob\u00e1ln\u00ed technologick\u00e9 prvenstv\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/asia.nikkei.com\/Business\/China-tech\/China-leads-high-tech-research-in-80-of-critical-fields-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span>\u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 vedou<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0celkem v 19 z 23 technologick\u00fdch oblast\u00ed zkouman\u00fdch Australsk\u00fdm institutem pro strategickou politiku (ASPI)\u00a0, zat\u00edmco ve zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dty\u0159ech oblastech vedou \u2013 st\u00e1le \u2013 Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty.\u00a0Evropan\u00e9, Japonsko a Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea u\u017e nehraj\u00ed roli.\u00a0To plat\u00ed pro vojensk\u00fd i civiln\u00ed sektor.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered\"><iframe id=\"twitter-widget-0\" class=\"\" title=\"Twitter Tweet\" src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/embed\/Tweet.html?dnt=true&amp;embedId=twitter-widget-0&amp;features=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%3D%3D&amp;frame=false&amp;hideCard=false&amp;hideThread=false&amp;id=1703095183087132718&amp;lang=cs&amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Freport24.news%2Fauf-dominanzkurs-china-ist-auf-der-technologischen-ueberholspur%2F&amp;sessionId=6c6f7377904302d29ad7db868624d17c1f7a3516&amp;theme=light&amp;widgetsVersion=aaf4084522e3a%3A1674595607486&amp;width=550px\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-tweet-id=\"1703095183087132718\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p><span>\u010c\u00edna se pod\u00edl\u00ed 73,3 procenta na v\u00fdzkumu s velk\u00fdm dopadem na detekci, sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a charakterizaci hypersonick\u00fdch st\u0159el, daleko p\u0159ed USA, Velkou Brit\u00e1ni\u00ed a N\u011bmeckem.\u00a0Pokud jde o autonomn\u00ed podvodn\u00ed vozidla, \u010c\u00edna p\u0159edstavuje 56,9 procenta d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu.\u00a0Na druh\u00e9 Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty p\u0159ipad\u00e1 pouze 9,5 procenta.\u00a0Konkurence mezi USA a \u010c\u00ednou je t\u011bsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v oblastech, jako je um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence a kvantov\u00e9 technologie.\u00a0Ze \u0161esti oblast\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed vede \u010c\u00edna ve \u010dty\u0159ech oblastech, v\u010detn\u011b dron\u016f, zat\u00edmco Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty vedou ve v\u00fdvoji a v\u00fdrob\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00fdch integrovan\u00fdch obvod\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u0160ir\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fzkum spole\u010dnosti ASPI ze za\u010d\u00e1tku b\u0159ezna uk\u00e1zal\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2023\/03\/03\/china_leads_tech_aspi\/\"><span>\u010d\u00ednskou dominanci<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0ve 37 ze 44 kriticky vznikaj\u00edc\u00edch technologi\u00ed.\u00a0V\u010detn\u011b oblast\u00ed robotiky, biotechnologie, um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, pokro\u010dil\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a kvantov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed.\u00a0\u00dastav zkoumal v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce z let 2018 a\u017e 2022 ve vybran\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch oblastech.\u00a0I zde maj\u00ed Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty ve zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch oblastech prvenstv\u00ed, zat\u00edmco Evropan\u00e9 jsou tam sotva.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Podle think-tanku \u010c\u00edna \u010dasto produkovala v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u011btkr\u00e1t v\u00edce v\u00fdzkumu s velk\u00fdm dopadem ne\u017e jej\u00ed nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed konkurent.\u00a0V r\u00e1mci 37 oblast\u00ed, v nich\u017e \u010c\u00edna vede, je zem\u011b na pokraji rozvoje monopolu v osmi oblastech: materi\u00e1ly a v\u00fdroba v nanorozm\u011brech, povlaky, pokro\u010dil\u00e9 radiofrekven\u010dn\u00ed komunikace (v\u010detn\u011b 5G a 6G), vod\u00edk a \u010dpavek pro dod\u00e1vky energie, superkondenz\u00e1tory, elektrick\u00e9 baterie, syntetick\u00e1 biologie a fotonick\u00e9 senzory.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f je rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bnost v\u00fdzkumu na Z\u00e1pad\u011b, zat\u00edmco v Lidov\u00e9 republice dominuje kolektivistick\u00fd aspekt.\u00a0To \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u016fm umo\u017e\u0148uje vyu\u017e\u00edvat finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky konkr\u00e9tn\u011bji a na z\u00e1klad\u011b spolupr\u00e1ce, zat\u00edmco na Z\u00e1pad\u011b soukrom\u00e9 a st\u00e1tn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 instituce \u010dasto paraleln\u011b pracuj\u00ed na podobn\u00fdch technologi\u00edch.\u00a0Tato koncentrace \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f a v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch fond\u016f v \u010c\u00edn\u011b se ukazuje jako vysoce \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Uv\u00e1\u017e\u00edte-li, \u017ee p\u0159ed 120 lety byla n\u011bm\u010dina jazykem \u010d\u00edslo jedna a \u017ee n\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed v\u011bdci byli dlouhou dobu v \u010dele a\u017e do p\u0159evzet\u00ed moci Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce, je tak\u00e9 jasn\u00e9, jak moc je glob\u00e1ln\u00ed situace s ohledem na na v\u00fdzkum zm\u011bnil se zm\u011bnil.\u00a0A co v\u00edc: technologick\u00e1 dominance d\u0159\u00edve nebo pozd\u011bji vede k ekonomick\u00e9, politick\u00e9 a vojensk\u00e9 dominanci.\u00a0\u0160pi\u010dkov\u00e1 evropsk\u00e1 technologie vedla k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edch koloni\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0159\u00ed\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f.\u00a0A kdo v\u00ed, mo\u017en\u00e1 za 50 nebo 75 let \u010c\u00edna dos\u00e1hne celosv\u011btov\u00e9 dominance podobn\u00e9 t\u00e9, kterou m\u011bli Evropan\u00e9 v 18. a 19. stolet\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/stranapro.cz\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-30218 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/PRO-banner-300x36.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1358\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/PRO-banner-300x36.png 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/PRO-banner-768x93.png 768w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/PRO-banner.png 849w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1358px) 100vw, 1358px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum Australsk\u00e9ho institutu pro strategickou politiku (ASPI) nazna\u010duje, \u017ee \u010c\u00edna p\u0159edstihla z\u00e1padn\u00ed st\u00e1ty v&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":36496,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[30,59,276],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36495"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36495"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36497,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36495\/revisions\/36497"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36496"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}