{"id":35205,"date":"2023-08-31T04:45:49","date_gmt":"2023-08-31T02:45:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=35205"},"modified":"2023-08-31T04:45:49","modified_gmt":"2023-08-31T02:45:49","slug":"elena-pustovojtova-kolik-stoji-svoboda-projevu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/08\/31\/elena-pustovojtova-kolik-stoji-svoboda-projevu\/","title":{"rendered":"Elena Pustovojtov\u00e1: Kolik stoj\u00ed svoboda projevu?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Naprost\u00e1, ni\u010d\u00edm a nik\u00fdm neomezovan\u00e1 a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu n\u00e1tlaku nepodl\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed svoboda slova vlaje nad sv\u011btem jako prapor v kr\u00e1sn\u00e9m oparu, kter\u00fd zakr\u00fdv\u00e1 absolutn\u00ed z\u00e1vislost ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u201eslova\u201c na pen\u011b\u017eence, kter\u00e1 ho plat\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n
Obvin\u011bn\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho tisku (stejn\u011b jako \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho, syrsk\u00e9ho, ir\u00e1ck\u00e9ho a mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch) se stalo pro z\u00e1padn\u00ed m\u00e9dia povinn\u00fdm, aby obvinila rusk\u00e1 (stejn\u011b jako \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1, syrsk\u00e1, ir\u00e1ck\u00e1 a mnoh\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed) m\u00e9dia z toho, \u017ee jsou vl\u00e1dn\u011b anga\u017eovan\u00e1, a proto nejsou schopna sv\u00fdm \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a div\u00e1k\u016fm zprost\u0159edkovat \u201epravdu\u201c, vych\u00e1z\u00ed z hadrov\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy o americk\u00e9 svobod\u011b slova, kter\u00e9 mnoz\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed dodnes. Pokud z t\u00e9to formulace set\u0159esete prach, m\u011bla by vypadat p\u0159esn\u011b jako prvn\u00ed dodatek americk\u00e9 \u00fastavy: \u201eKongres nesm\u00ed vydat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd by respektoval n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo zakazoval jeho svobodn\u00e9 praktikov\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo omezoval svobodu slova nebo tisku, nebo pr\u00e1vo lidu pokojn\u011b se shroma\u017e\u010fovat a \u017e\u00e1dat vl\u00e1du o n\u00e1pravu st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed.\u201c To je v podstat\u011b pravda. Kongres \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd takov\u00fd z\u00e1kon nevyd\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Ani\u017e bychom se pou\u0161t\u011bli do diskuse o tom, zda je z\u00e1padn\u00ed vzorec svobody projevu \u017eivotaschopn\u00fd, pod\u00edvejme se, jak\u00fd je nyn\u00ed. Nesvoboda rusk\u00e9ho tisku by vypadala jako mravenec p\u0159ed sochou Svobody na Ostrov\u011b svobody v horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti newyorsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu, ale zde je, jak to ilustruje americk\u00fd Information Clearing House: \u201eAmeri\u010dt\u00ed experti zvu\u010dn\u00fdch jmen spojen\u00ed s akademick\u00fdmi organizacemi nyn\u00ed burcuj\u00ed srdce a formuj\u00ed mysl v tisku doma i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed ve prosp\u011bch nekone\u010dn\u00e9ho konfliktu na Ukrajin\u011b. Pro\u010d? H\u00e1dejte, jak\u00fd mecen\u00e1\u0161 s hlubok\u00fdmi kapsami se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 pod t\u00edmto povrchem?\u201c.<\/p>\n

Ji\u017e samotn\u00e9 polo\u017een\u00ed takov\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky lze v USA pova\u017eovat za sm\u011b\u0161n\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Dnes je ji\u017e dob\u0159e zn\u00e1mo, jak Pentagon b\u011bhem v\u00e1lky v Ir\u00e1ku vyu\u017e\u00edval a platil vyslou\u017eil\u00e9 gener\u00e1ly, kte\u0159\u00ed vystupovali v televizi a rozhlase jako \u201evojen\u0161t\u00ed analytici\u201c, aby propagovali pl\u00e1ny Bushovy administrativy v Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu.<\/p>\n

Vypad\u00e1 to sm\u011b\u0161n\u011b \u2013 jako kdybyste diskutovali s klaunem Ronaldem, reklamn\u00ed postavi\u010dkou McDonald’s, o nedostatc\u00edch Big Mac\u016f. \u201eNyn\u00ed gener\u00e1ly nahradili experti z think tank\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e samoobslu\u017en\u00e9 pr\u00e1delny pro pran\u00ed \u0161pinav\u00e9ho pr\u00e1dla zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 autorka Rachel Marsdenov\u00e1. \u2013 \u017de bych to nev\u011bd\u011bl? B\u00fdvala jsem \u0159editelkou jednoho z nich.\u201c<\/p>\n

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Vzpom\u00edn\u00e1, jak ka\u017edou st\u0159edu p\u0159ich\u00e1zeli do jejich kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed ve Washingtonu vysoc\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 Bushovy administrativy, aby jim vylo\u017eili hlavn\u00ed body programu na t\u00fdden a po\u017eadovali jejich propagaci na ve\u0159ejnosti. Experti think-tanku byli naj\u00edm\u00e1ni na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u201epolitick\u00e9ho lakmusov\u00e9ho pap\u00edrku\u201c, aby se zjistilo, zda jejich n\u00e1zory odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed n\u00e1zor\u016fm organizace. Kdy\u017e se p\u0159estaly shodovat, byli bu\u010f propu\u0161t\u011bni, nebo ode\u0161li sami.\u201c<\/p>\n

Bylo a je to sm\u011b\u0161n\u011b jednoduch\u00e9: d\u00e1rci, z nich\u017e mnoz\u00ed jsou slavn\u00ed milion\u00e1\u0159i a miliard\u00e1\u0159i hnan\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed \u0159e\u0161it ur\u010dit\u00e9 probl\u00e9my ur\u010dit\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed a v\u00fdslovn\u011b o to \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnou za otev\u0159en\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech think tanky z\u0159izuj\u00ed cel\u00e9 projekty nebo odd\u011blen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou zcela financov\u00e1ny jedin\u00fdm d\u00e1rcem. \u201eJde o bohat\u00e9 a mocn\u00e9 lidi, obvykle s politick\u00fdmi nebo investi\u010dn\u00edmi z\u00e1jmy, kte\u0159\u00ed profitovali z formov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1zoru establishmentu ve sv\u016fj prosp\u011bch a cht\u011bli to ud\u011blat beze stopy. A jak to ud\u011blat l\u00e9pe ne\u017e zakr\u00fdt sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy lesklou patinou d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e9ho odborn\u00edka?\u201c. \u2013 pt\u00e1 se Information Clearing House. A zat\u00edmco gener\u00e1lov\u00e9 b\u011bhem v\u00e1lky v Ir\u00e1ku byli kdysi pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ni jako kladiva na pror\u00e1\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1jm\u016f vojensko-pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho komplexu, nov\u00ed hlasatel\u00e9 nekone\u010dn\u00e9ho ozbrojen\u00e9ho konfliktu na Ukrajin\u011b jsou v drtiv\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b subtiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Studie zjistila, \u017ee 50 p\u0159edn\u00edch americk\u00fdch think-tank\u016f obdr\u017eelo od vl\u00e1dy USA a jej\u00edch dodavatel\u016f a v\u00fdrobc\u016f obrann\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu v\u00edce ne\u017e miliardu dolar\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016f, v\u00fdrobc\u016f zbran\u00ed pro Ukrajinu.<\/p>\n

Kdo p\u0159esn\u011b to jsou? Hlavn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjemci t\u011bchto finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f byly Atlantic Council, americk\u00e1 Nadace Hermana Marshalla, Brookings Institution, Heritage Foundation, Centrum pro strategick\u00e1 a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed studia, New America Foundation, RAND Corporation, Centrum pro novou americkou bezpe\u010dnost, Rada pro mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vztahy a Stimsonovo centrum. To jsou \u201ehlasy\u201c, kter\u00e9 obyvatel\u016fm Evropy a Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f zp\u00edvaj\u00ed nov\u00e9 \u201edrang nach osten\u201c, zat\u00edmco v jejich pen\u011b\u017eenk\u00e1ch \u0161ust\u00ed miliardy dolar\u016f a eur. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Heritage Foundation je nejhorliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zast\u00e1ncem intervence, zat\u00edmco Atlantic Council a German Marshall Fund fakticky pos\u00edlali s\u00edly NATO na Ukrajinu. A skute\u010dnost, \u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad RAND Corporation zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1 nejen \u201epapou\u0161ky\u201c hl\u00e1saj\u00edc\u00ed ciz\u00ed hlasy, ale tak\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 analytiky a v\u011bdce specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na vesm\u00edr a informatiku, jen napom\u00e1h\u00e1 zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed ceny slu\u017eeb.<\/p>\n

\u010cervnov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza medi\u00e1ln\u00edho pokryt\u00ed americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 intervence na Ukrajin\u011b, kterou provedl Quincyho institut pro odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed, uv\u00e1d\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed skute\u010dnost: v 85 % p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f p\u0159\u00edpravy anal\u00fdz situace na Ukrajin\u011b z\u00edskaly think tanky \u201efinan\u010dn\u00ed podporu americk\u00e9ho obrann\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu\u201c.<\/p>\n

A pokud je to pravda, pak \u010del\u00edme skute\u010dn\u00e9mu expertn\u00edmu spiknut\u00ed, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit americk\u00e9 da\u0148ov\u00e9 poplatn\u00edky, aby pokra\u010dovali v zaplavov\u00e1n\u00ed Ukrajiny zbran\u011bmi a slep\u011b kryli vysoce v\u00fdnosn\u00fd byznys skupiny akt\u00e9r\u016f podporovan\u00fdch Pentagonem, kte\u0159\u00ed si navz\u00e1jem zp\u00edvaj\u00ed o nutnosti porazit Rusko. Chovaj\u00ed se stejn\u011b jako klimatologov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed si ze zm\u011bny klimatu ud\u011blali nekone\u010dn\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9 existence a chr\u00e1n\u00ed svou dojnou kr\u00e1vu v\u0161emi prost\u0159edky.<\/p>\n

Vzpome\u0148te si, jak rychle se z\u00e1padn\u00ed experti vrhaj\u00ed na anal\u00fdzy a informace t\u00e9\u017ee RT \u2013 v\u017edy\u0165 ji podporuje rusk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da! \u010clov\u011bk by musel b\u00fdt velmi omezen\u00fd, aby nev\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee RT je ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed publikac\u00ed Ruska, zde nen\u00ed probl\u00e9m s transparentnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Podle Quincyho institutu zhruba t\u0159etina p\u0159edn\u00edch zahrani\u010dn\u011bpolitick\u00fdch think tank\u016f nezve\u0159ej\u0148uje financov\u00e1n\u00ed Pentagonem. Takov\u00ed experti se snadno dostanou do vl\u00e1dn\u00edch pozic, kde v politice realizuj\u00ed to, na co je zvykne pen\u011b\u017eenka klienta. Pro\u010d to Ameri\u010dany nezaj\u00edm\u00e1? Souhlas\u00edte, t\u011b\u017eko lze nazvat protest n\u011bkolika des\u00edtek lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed 6. srpna p\u0159ed s\u00eddlem OSN v New Yorku vyz\u00fdvali k zastaven\u00ed zbrojen\u00ed na Ukrajin\u011b, k zah\u00e1jen\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed bez p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch podm\u00ednek a k co nejrychlej\u0161\u00edmu rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed NATO. Je to proto, \u017ee podle propo\u010dt\u016f Heritage Foundation st\u00e1la podpora Ukrajiny zat\u00edm ka\u017edou rodinu ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech jen 900 dolar\u016f, uv\u00e1d\u00ed The Daily Signal. A teprve a\u017e jejich americk\u00e1 pen\u011b\u017eenka utrp\u00ed mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b v\u00edce, mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b v\u00edce bude pochopen\u00ed, \u017ee poplatky analytik\u016f \u201ev\u00e1lky do posledn\u00edho Ukrajince\u201c a v\u00edce ne\u017e 60 miliard dolar\u016f Kyjevu, ji\u017e na tuto v\u00e1lku vy\u010dlenili, zaplat\u00ed sami Ameri\u010dan\u00e9. A v ulic\u00edch bude zn\u00edt \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e1 \u201ehudba\u201c.<\/p>\n

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\u0421\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430?<\/a> vy\u0161el 30.8.2023 na stoletie.ru. P\u0159eklad\u00a0Zvedavec.org<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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Naprost\u00e1, ni\u010d\u00edm a nik\u00fdm neomezovan\u00e1 a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu n\u00e1tlaku nepodl\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed svoboda slova vlaje nad sv\u011btem…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25456,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[29,22,553,26,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35205"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35205"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35205\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35205"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35205"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35205"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}