{"id":34119,"date":"2023-08-16T01:03:57","date_gmt":"2023-08-15T23:03:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=34119"},"modified":"2023-08-15T14:53:14","modified_gmt":"2023-08-15T12:53:14","slug":"niger-odmita-rad-zalozeny-na-pravidlech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/08\/16\/niger-odmita-rad-zalozeny-na-pravidlech\/","title":{"rendered":"Niger odm\u00edt\u00e1 \u0159\u00e1d zalo\u017een\u00fd na „pravidlech“"},"content":{"rendered":"
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St\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159evrat z 26. \u010dervence v z\u00e1padoafrick\u00e9 zemi Niger a rusko-africk\u00fd summit v Petrohradu n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed den prob\u00edhaj\u00ed na pozad\u00ed multipolarity sv\u011btov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du.\u00a0P\u0159esto\u017ee se zd\u00e1, \u017ee se odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed nez\u00e1visle na sob\u011b, st\u00e1le se setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed s duchem na\u0161\u00ed m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se \u00e9ry.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Africk\u00fd summit 27.-28. \u010dervence v Rusku p\u0159edstavoval velkou v\u00fdzvu pro Z\u00e1pad, kter\u00fd se instinktivn\u011b sna\u017eil tuto ud\u00e1lost bagatelizovat pot\u00e9, co nedok\u00e1zal zabr\u00e1nit suver\u00e9nn\u00edm africk\u00fdm n\u00e1rod\u016fm v setk\u00e1n\u00ed s rusk\u00fdmi v\u016fdci.\u00a049 africk\u00fdch zem\u00ed vyslalo sv\u00e9 delegace do Petrohradu a 17 hlav st\u00e1t\u016f osobn\u011b odcestovalo do Ruska, aby projednaly politick\u00e9, humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky.\u00a0Pro hostitelskou zemi, kter\u00e1 je uprost\u0159ed v\u00e1lky, to byl pozoruhodn\u00fd diplomatick\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Summit byl \u010dist\u011b politickou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed.\u00a0Jeho leitmotivem bylo srovn\u00e1n\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9 podpory Ruska Afri\u010dan\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed odol\u00e1vaj\u00ed imperialismu a drav\u00e9 povaze z\u00e1padn\u00edho neokolonialismu.\u00a0To dokonale zapad\u00e1 do dne\u0161n\u00edho Ruska, kter\u00e9 nem\u00e1 koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed historii vyko\u0159is\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed a drancov\u00e1n\u00ed Afriky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco Z\u00e1pad neust\u00e1le vykop\u00e1v\u00e1 kostry z koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00e9ry sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e do nev\u00fdslovn\u00e9ho obchodu s africk\u00fdmi otroky, Rusko se odvol\u00e1v\u00e1 na sv\u00e9 sov\u011btsk\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed b\u00fdt na \u201espr\u00e1vn\u00e9 stran\u011b historie\u201c \u2013 a dokonce nechalo rusk\u00e9 cel\u00e9 jm\u00e9no Univerzita p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u016f Patrice Lumumba v Moskva vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161ena.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ne\u0161lo ale jen o politiku.\u00a0Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed na summitu o rusko-africk\u00e9m partnerstv\u00ed, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je pomoci kontinentu dos\u00e1hnout \u201epotravinov\u00e9 suverenity\u201c, o alternativ\u00e1ch k obchodu s obil\u00edm, o nov\u00fdch logistick\u00fdch koridorech pro rusk\u00e9 potraviny a hnojiva, o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce v oblasti obchodu, ekonomiky a kultury, vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed , V\u011bda a bezpe\u010dnost, o mo\u017en\u00e9m p\u0159istoupen\u00ed Afriky k mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmu dopravn\u00edmu koridoru Sever-Jih, o \u00fa\u010dasti Ruska na africk\u00fdch infrastrukturn\u00edch projektech a o Ak\u010dn\u00edm pl\u00e1nu F\u00f3ra rusko-africk\u00e9ho partnerstv\u00ed do roku 2026 \u2013 to v\u0161e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o kvantifikovateln\u00fdch v\u00fdsledc\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Poj\u010fme do Nig\u00e9rie.\u00a0Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj v Nigeru podtrhuje leitmotiv rusko-africk\u00e9ho summitu.\u00a0Naplnila se rusk\u00e1 progn\u00f3za africk\u00e9 krize \u2013 pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed devastace z\u00e1padn\u00edho imperialismu.\u00a0Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to ze zpr\u00e1v o rusk\u00fdch vlajk\u00e1ch vid\u011bn\u00fdch na demonstrac\u00edch v Niamey, hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Nigeru.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rebelov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159evzali moc, neztr\u00e1celi \u010das a odsoudili dohody o vojensko-technick\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci mezi Nigerem a Franci\u00ed, kter\u00e9 obsahovaly po\u017eadavky, aby Francie st\u00e1hla sv\u00e9 jednotky do 30 dn\u016f.\u00a0Francie ze sv\u00e9 strany \u201epevn\u011b a rozhodn\u011b\u201c obhajuje zahrani\u010dn\u00ed vojenskou intervenci \u201ek potla\u010den\u00ed pokusu o p\u0159evrat\u201c.\u00a0Francouzsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady objasnily, \u017ee nemaj\u00ed v pl\u00e1nu st\u00e1hnout sv\u016fj ozbrojen\u00fd kontingent od 1500 lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou v Nigeru \u201ena \u017e\u00e1dost legitimn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f zem\u011b na z\u00e1klad\u011b podepsan\u00fdch dohod\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Postoj Francie nen\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd \u2013 Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e nechce ztratit svou pozici v Sahelu a levn\u00e9m zdroji surovin, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm uranu.\u00a0Francie v\u0161ak chybn\u011b usoudila, \u017ee p\u0159evrat nem\u00e1 podporu nigerijsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy ani \u017e\u00e1dnou soci\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kladnu a \u017ee v\u0161e, co by bylo pot\u0159eba k jeho odvr\u00e1cen\u00ed, by byla omezen\u00e1 uk\u00e1zka s\u00edly, kter\u00e1 by donutila prezidentovu elitn\u00ed gardu, aby zah\u00e1jila p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. s Franci\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Francie a USA koordinuj\u00ed svou \u010dinnost s Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm spole\u010denstv\u00edm z\u00e1padoafrick\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f [ECOWAS].\u00a0ECOWAS nejprve trochu zachrastil \u0161avl\u00ed, ale pak se zlomil.\u00a0Lh\u016fta pro v\u00e1\u0161 z\u00e1sah vypr\u0161ela.\u00a0ECOWAS prost\u011b nem\u00e1 mechanismus pro rychl\u00e9 shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed voj\u00e1k\u016f a koordinaci bojov\u00fdch operac\u00ed a jeho velmoc, Nig\u00e9rie, m\u00e1 pln\u00e9 ruce pr\u00e1ce se zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti.\u00a0Nigerijsk\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost se ob\u00e1v\u00e1 odporu \u2013 Niger je velk\u00e1 zem\u011b a sd\u00edl\u00ed 1500 kilometr\u016f dlouhou por\u00e9zn\u00ed hranici s Nig\u00e9ri\u00ed.\u00a0Nevyslovenou pravdou je, \u017ee Nig\u00e9rie m\u00e1 mal\u00fd z\u00e1jem na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti v Nigeru nebo na stran\u011b Francie,<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm je, \u017ee vojensk\u00fd p\u0159evrat se setkal s \u0161irokou podporou ve\u0159ejnosti.\u00a0Za t\u011bchto okolnost\u00ed je velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee francouz\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci budou nuceni opustit Niger, svou b\u00fdvalou kolonii.\u00a0Niger je ob\u011bt\u00ed neokoloni\u00e1ln\u00edho vyko\u0159is\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0Pod rou\u0161kou boje proti terorismu, paradoxn\u011b v d\u016fsledku intervence NATO v Libyi v roce 2011, kterou vedl nikdo jin\u00fd ne\u017e Francie v Sahelu, Francie nemilosrdn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje Nigeru.<\/span><\/p>\n

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V\u00fdznamn\u00fd nigerijsk\u00fd b\u00e1sn\u00edk a liter\u00e1rn\u00ed kritik, profesor Osundare, minul\u00fd t\u00fdden napsal: \u201eProzkoumejte p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu, pr\u016fb\u011bh a p\u0159\u00edznaky sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho o\u017eiven\u00ed vojensk\u00fdch p\u0159evrat\u016f v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe.\u00a0Najd\u011bte l\u00e9k na tuto pandemii.\u00a0Je\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je naj\u00edt l\u00e9k na mor politick\u00fdch a socioekonomick\u00fdch nespravedlnost\u00ed, kv\u016fli nim\u017e je jejich opakov\u00e1n\u00ed nevyhnuteln\u00e9.\u00a0Vzpome\u0148te si na sou\u010dasnou brut\u00e1ln\u00ed anarchii v Libyi a nes\u010detn\u00e9 dopady destabilizace t\u00e9to kdysi prosperuj\u00edc\u00ed zem\u011b na z\u00e1padoafrick\u00fd region.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jedin\u00fdm region\u00e1ln\u00edm st\u00e1tem, kter\u00fd si m\u016f\u017ee dovolit \u00fa\u010dinnou vojenskou intervenci v Nigeru, je Al\u017e\u00edrsko.\u00a0Al\u017e\u00edrsko v\u0161ak nem\u00e1 zku\u0161enosti s prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm takov\u00fdch operac\u00ed na region\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni a ani se nehodl\u00e1 odch\u00fdlit od sv\u00e9 d\u016fsledn\u00e9 politiky nevm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed se do vnit\u0159n\u00ed politiky suver\u00e9nn\u00ed zem\u011b.\u00a0Al\u017e\u00edrsko varovalo p\u0159ed jakoukoli vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vojenskou intervenc\u00ed v Nigeru.\u00a0Zjevn\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 intervence v Nigeru je p\u0159\u00edmou hrozbou pro Al\u017e\u00edrsko, kterou zcela a kategoricky odm\u00edt\u00e1me…Probl\u00e9my by m\u011bly b\u00fdt vy\u0159e\u0161eny m\u00edrovou cestou,\u201c \u0159ekl al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00fd prezident Abdelmadjid Tebboune.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve sv\u00e9 podstat\u011b je p\u0159evrat v Nigersk\u00e9 republice nepochybn\u011b bojem mezi Nigerijci a koloni\u00e1ln\u00edmi mocnostmi.\u00a0Rostouc\u00ed multipolarita sv\u011btov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du jist\u011b povzbuzuje africk\u00e9 n\u00e1rody, aby set\u0159\u00e1sly neokolonialismus.\u00a0To je ta str\u00e1nka.\u00a0Na druhou stranu jsou velmoci nuceny sp\u00ed\u0161e vyjedn\u00e1vat ne\u017e diktovat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee Washington byl pom\u011brn\u011b opatrn\u00fd.\u00a0Z\u00e1vazek prezidenta Bidena k \u201ehodnot\u00e1m\u201c zdaleka nedosahoval dikt\u00e1tu \u201e\u0159\u00e1du zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na pravidlech\u201c \u2013 p\u0159esto\u017ee Amerika \u00fadajn\u011b udr\u017euje v Nigeru t\u0159i vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny.\u00a0V multipol\u00e1rn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed africk\u00e9 n\u00e1rody prostor pro vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0Rusk\u00fd proaktivismus po\u017eene tento proces vp\u0159ed.\u00a0\u010c\u00edna m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy v Nigeru.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u016fdce pu\u010dist\u016f Abdurahman Tchiani dosv\u011bd\u010dil, \u017ee \u201eFrancouzi nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd objektivn\u00ed d\u016fvod opustit Niger\u201c, \u010d\u00edm\u017e nazna\u010dil, \u017ee f\u00e9rov\u00fd a spravedliv\u00fd vztah je mo\u017en\u00fd.\u00a0Rusko upozornilo, \u017ee nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u00fakolem je v tuto chv\u00edli \u201ezabr\u00e1nit dal\u0161\u00edmu zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed situace v zemi\u201c.\u00a0Mluv\u010d\u00ed ministerstva zahrani\u010d\u00ed Maria Zacharovov\u00e1 \u0159ekla: „Pova\u017eujeme za nal\u00e9hav\u00fd \u00fakol zorganizovat n\u00e1rodn\u00ed dialog k obnoven\u00ed ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho m\u00edru a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1va a po\u0159\u00e1dku… V\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee hrozba pou\u017eit\u00ed s\u00edly proti suver\u00e9nn\u00edmu st\u00e1tu nen\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e1.“ pom\u016f\u017ee zm\u00edrnit nap\u011bt\u00ed a vy\u0159e\u0161it situaci v zemi\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee Niamey neustoup\u00ed tlaku zven\u010d\u00ed.\u00a0„Nigerijsk\u00e9 ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly a v\u0161echny na\u0161e obrann\u00e9 a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed s\u00edly, podporovan\u00e9 neochv\u011bjnou podporou na\u0161eho lidu, jsou p\u0159ipraveny br\u00e1nit integritu na\u0161eho \u00fazem\u00ed,“ uvedl v prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel junty.\u00a0Delegace z Niamey odcestovala do Mali, aby prosila spojeneck\u00e9 bojovn\u00edky Wagner Ruska, aby se zapojili do boje v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b intervence podporovan\u00e9 Z\u00e1padem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by se krize v Nigeru v dohledn\u00e9 dob\u011b vy\u0159e\u0161ila.\u00a0Niger je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm st\u00e1tem v boji proti d\u017eih\u00e1distick\u00e9 s\u00edti a je strategicky a struktur\u00e1ln\u011b propojen se sousedn\u00edm Mali.\u00a0A situace v Sahelu eskaluje.\u00a0To m\u00e1 hlubok\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro krizi st\u00e1tnosti v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe jako celku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Americk\u00e1 v\u00fdjime\u010dnost nen\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u0161el\u00e9kem na existuj\u00edc\u00ed k\u0159ivdy.\u00a0Pentagon pomohl vycvi\u010dit nejm\u00e9n\u011b jednoho z pu\u010dist\u016f v Nigeru \u2013 a ty v Mali a Burkin\u011b Faso, kte\u0159\u00ed se zav\u00e1zali, \u017ee se Nigeru zastanou.\u00a0N\u00e1m\u011bstkyn\u011b americk\u00e9ho ministra zahrani\u010d\u00ed Victoria Nulandov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 v pond\u011bl\u00ed nav\u0161t\u00edvila Niamey, si v\u0161ak st\u011b\u017eovala, \u017ee j\u00ed pu\u010dist\u00e9 odm\u00edtli sch\u016fzku se svr\u017een\u00fdm prezidentem Mohamedem Bazoumem a nereagovali na v\u00fdzvy USA, aby se zem\u011b vr\u00e1tila pod civiln\u00ed vl\u00e1du.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nulandov\u00e9 mise m\u011bla za c\u00edl odradit pu\u010disty od zapojen\u00ed se do Wagnerovy skupiny, ale nebyla si jist\u00e1, zda se to poda\u0159\u00ed. Nulandov\u00e9 nebylo umo\u017en\u011bno setk\u00e1n\u00ed s gener\u00e1lem Tchianim.<\/span><\/p>\n

Melkulangara Bhadrakumar<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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ZDROJ<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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St\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159evrat z 26. \u010dervence v z\u00e1padoafrick\u00e9 zemi Niger a rusko-africk\u00fd summit v Petrohradu n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":33221,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[169,2838,5557,921,365],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34119"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34119"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34119\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34119"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34119"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}