{"id":32239,"date":"2023-07-17T01:02:03","date_gmt":"2023-07-16T23:02:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=32239"},"modified":"2023-07-16T17:22:22","modified_gmt":"2023-07-16T15:22:22","slug":"zlociny-spachane-spojenymi-staty-na-laoskych-lidech-chteji-zopakovat-v-ukrajinske-krizi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/07\/17\/zlociny-spachane-spojenymi-staty-na-laoskych-lidech-chteji-zopakovat-v-ukrajinske-krizi\/","title":{"rendered":"Zlo\u010diny sp\u00e1chan\u00e9 Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty na laosk\u00fdch lidech cht\u011bj\u00ed zopakovat v ukrajinsk\u00e9 krizi?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Kdy\u017e letos v l\u00e9t\u011b studenti v Laosu jeli vysokorychlostn\u00edm vlakem \u201eLancang (Lan-cang)\u201c na \u010d\u00ednsko-laoskou \u017eeleznici a za\u017eili radost z \u201evid\u011bn\u00ed sv\u011bta vlakem\u201c, mo\u017en\u00e1 je nenapadlo, \u017ee k\u00a0vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsko-laosk\u00e9 \u017eeleznice jen vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zbytk\u016f americk\u00fdch kazetov\u00fdch munic\u00ed trvalo v\u00edce ne\u017e dva roky.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tyto bomby byly svr\u017eeny americkou arm\u00e1dou na Laos b\u011bhem vietnamsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da ned\u00e1vno ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee poskytne Ukrajin\u011b dodate\u010dnou vojenskou pomoc v hodnot\u011b 800 milion\u016f americk\u00fdch dolar\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b kazetov\u00fdch munic\u00ed s hromadn\u00fdm ni\u010den\u00edm, kter\u00e9 jsou podle americk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona zak\u00e1zan\u00e9, co\u017e op\u011bt vyvolalo vzpom\u00ednky lid\u00ed na toto historick\u00e9 obdob\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b pot\u00e9, co Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty ozn\u00e1mily, \u017ee Ukrajin\u011b poskytnou kazetov\u00e9 munice, ve vnitru z\u00e1padn\u00edho t\u00e1boru \u201evybuchlo\u201c. Britsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r Rishi Sunak \u0159ekl, \u017ee Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie, kter\u00e1 je stranou Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00famluvy o z\u00e1kazu kazetov\u00fdch munic\u00ed a \u201eodrazuje od pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c takov\u00fdch zbran\u00ed. Sv\u016fj odpor vyj\u00e1d\u0159ily i \u0160pan\u011blsko, Kanada a dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/p>\n

D\u016fvod, pro\u010d jsou kazetov\u00e9 munice tak kontroverzn\u00ed, je ten, \u017ee maj\u00ed obrovskou smrtelnost. Kazetov\u00e1 munice obsahuje des\u00edtky nebo dokonce stovky sub-munic\u00ed. Jakmile je odhozena, distribuce a pokryt\u00ed sub-munice jsou zcela nekontrolovateln\u00e9 a \u201epom\u011br nevybuchnut\u00ed\u201c t\u00e9to sub-munice je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1.<\/p>\n

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Tento druh \u201enevybuchnut\u00ed\u201c ale neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee nevybuchne. Kdy\u017e v\u00edtr znovu sfoukne \u201enevybuchlou munici\u201c od stromu do zem\u011b nebo s n\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blec naraz\u00ed p\u0159i orb\u011b nebo sklizni \u00farody, nebo do n\u00ed kopne p\u0159i pouh\u00e9 ch\u016fzi, mohlo by to spustit z\u00e1palnici a zp\u016fsobit trag\u00e9dii. D\u00e1 se \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee zp\u016fsobuje nekone\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161kody.<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem vietnamsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v letech 1964 a\u017e 1973 svrhly Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed kazetov\u00fdch munic\u00ed na ji\u017en\u00ed Vietnam, Laos a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Kambod\u017eu. Mezi nimi je Laos zem\u00ed nejv\u00edce posti\u017eenou kazetov\u00fdmi municemi.<\/p>\n

Podle \u00fadaj\u016f americk\u00e9ho ministerstva obrany b\u011bhem vietnamsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky USA bombardovaly Laos 580 000kr\u00e1t, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e pou\u017eily v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 miliony tun bomb, v\u010detn\u011b kazetov\u00fdch munic\u00ed. V Laosu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 odhadem 80 milion\u016f americk\u00fdch kazetov\u00fdch munic\u00ed neodp\u00e1len\u00fdch. Od konce v\u00e1lky bylo odstran\u011bno m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 1% nevybuchl\u00fdch munic\u00ed, co\u017e zp\u016fsobilo asi 20 000 mrtv\u00fdch civilist\u016f a velk\u00fd po\u010det zran\u011bn\u00fdch. Odborn\u00edci na munici \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee odstran\u011bn\u00ed nevybuchl\u00e9 munice v Laosu m\u016f\u017ee trvat 100 let.<\/p>\n

Nejen v Laosu. Za posledn\u00edch 20 let Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e pou\u017e\u00edvaly kazetov\u00e9 munice v mnoha v\u00e1lk\u00e1ch, jako je v\u00e1lka v Kosovu a v\u00e1lka v Ir\u00e1ku. Podle ne\u00fapln\u00fdch statistik zabily kazetov\u00e9 munice od sv\u00e9ho narozen\u00ed asi 56 000 a\u017e 86 000 civilist\u016f. V\u00edce ne\u017e 90 % ob\u011bt\u00ed byli civilist\u00e9, z nich\u017e mnoz\u00ed byli nezletil\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V ot\u00e1zce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed kazetov\u00fdch bomb je postoj Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f jako \u201ep\u0159ehazov\u00e1n\u00ed pala\u010dinek\u201c. V roce 2008 americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da sl\u00edbila, \u017ee zajist\u00ed, \u017ee americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da ji\u017e nebude pou\u017e\u00edvat kazetov\u00e9 munice a \u201ezape\u010det\u00ed\u201c v\u0161echny kazetov\u00e9 munice. \u0160ar\u017e\u00ed munice, kter\u00e1 se dnes pos\u00edl\u00e1 na Ukrajinu, jsou v\u0161ak pr\u00e1v\u011b kazetov\u00e9 munice vyroben\u00e9 p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 40 lety a \u201ezape\u010det\u011bn\u00e9\u201c p\u0159ed 15 lety.<\/span><\/p>\n

Paradoxn\u011b tak\u00e9 p\u0159ed rokem tehdej\u0161\u00ed mluv\u010d\u00ed B\u00edl\u00e9ho domu Jen Psaki prohl\u00e1sila, \u017ee kazetov\u00e9 bomby by mohly b\u00fdt v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm zlo\u010dinem, pokud by byly pou\u017eity.<\/p>\n

O rok pozd\u011bji se Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty staly ter\u010dem vlastn\u00edho odsouzen\u00ed. Jen se zeptejme, kolik stoj\u00ed mor\u00e1lka a tv\u00e1\u0159 p\u0159ed vlastn\u00edm z\u00e1jmem Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f?<\/p>\n

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Kdy\u017e letos v l\u00e9t\u011b studenti v Laosu jeli vysokorychlostn\u00edm vlakem \u201eLancang (Lan-cang)\u201c na \u010d\u00ednsko-laoskou \u017eeleznici…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":32240,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[5362,1532,26,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32239"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32239"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32239\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32241,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32239\/revisions\/32241"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32240"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}