{"id":32232,"date":"2023-07-17T00:59:17","date_gmt":"2023-07-16T22:59:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=32232"},"modified":"2023-07-16T16:59:35","modified_gmt":"2023-07-16T14:59:35","slug":"vyletni-lode-produkuji-vice-skodlivych-emisi-nez-vsechna-auta-v-evrope-dohromady","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/07\/17\/vyletni-lode-produkuji-vice-skodlivych-emisi-nez-vsechna-auta-v-evrope-dohromady\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdletn\u00ed lod\u011b produkuj\u00ed v\u00edce \u0161kodliv\u00fdch emis\u00ed ne\u017e v\u0161echna auta v Evrop\u011b dohromady"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V\u00fdletn\u00ed lod\u011b zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v evropsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstavn\u00edch m\u011bstech oxidem si\u0159i\u010dit\u00fdm.\u00a0P\u0159i spot\u0159eb\u011b 150 tun t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ropy za den se tomu ale nelze divit.\u00a0Politici ale rad\u011bji bojuj\u00ed proti spalovac\u00edm motor\u016fm v autech.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Plavby jsou obvykle spojeny s luxusem a voln\u00fdm \u010dasem, ale ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 studie zjistila, \u017ee jsou tak\u00e9 zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00fdch emis\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span>Studie, kterou provedla Evropsk\u00e1 federace pro dopravu a \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, skupina prosazuj\u00edc\u00ed udr\u017eitelnou dopravu,\u00a0<\/span>zjistila<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee 63 v\u00fdletn\u00edch lod\u00ed spole\u010dnosti Carnival Corporation vypou\u0161t\u00ed o 43 procent v\u00edce oxid\u016f s\u00edry ne\u017e 291 milion\u016f evropsk\u00fdch aut dohromady.\u00a0Tam se zejm\u00e9na naftov\u00e1 vozidla stala ter\u010dem politik\u016f.\u00a0Spalovac\u00ed motory ve vozidlech maj\u00ed b\u00fdt zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny od roku 2035.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00dadaje jsou alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00fd propad oproti p\u0159edchoz\u00edm let\u016fm.\u00a0V minulosti lod\u011b Carnival Corporation vplouvaj\u00edc\u00ed do evropsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f vypou\u0161t\u011bly\u00a0<\/span>v roce 2017\u00a0<\/span>10kr\u00e1t v\u00edce oxid\u016f s\u00edry<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ne\u017e v\u0161echna auta v Evrop\u011b .\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>To se v\u0161ak zm\u011bnilo kv\u016fli nov\u00e9mu na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v roce 2020 zavedla Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed organizace (IMO).\u00a0T\u00edmto na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm byl limit pro obsah s\u00edry v lodn\u00edch palivech sn\u00ed\u017een z 3,5 procenta na pouh\u00fdch 0,5 procenta, co\u017e vedlo ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed IMO sn\u00ed\u017eilo emise s\u00edry z jednotliv\u00fdch lod\u00ed, nebyla p\u0159ijata \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by omezila ned\u00e1vn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu v\u00fdletn\u00edch lod\u00ed.\u00a0Krom\u011b toho studie zjistila, \u017ee v\u00fdletn\u00ed lod\u011b str\u00e1vily v evropsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstavech v\u00edce \u010dasu a spot\u0159ebovaly v\u00edce paliva v roce 2022 ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s rokem 2019, co\u017e vedlo k celkov\u00e9mu\u00a0<\/span>dev\u00edtiprocentn\u00edmu n\u00e1r\u016fstu emis\u00ed oxidu s\u00edry z v\u00fdletn\u00edch lod\u00ed<\/span><\/strong> od roku 2017 .<\/span><\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnosti oxid\u016f s\u00edry ve vzduchu, proto\u017ee mohou po\u0161kodit lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed i kvalitu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed.\u00a0Tyto \u0161kodliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky mohou zhor\u0161ovat onemocn\u011bn\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, jako je astma, a p\u0159isp\u00edvat ke vzniku kysel\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f.\u00a0Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed je v\u00fdznamnou hrozbou pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed zdrav\u00ed.\u00a0Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace (WHO) odhaduje, \u017ee kv\u016fli \u0161patn\u00e9 kvalit\u011b ovzdu\u0161\u00ed zem\u0159e ro\u010dn\u011b kolem 4,2 milionu lid\u00ed.\u00a0V\u00fdletn\u00ed lod\u011b jsou tak\u00e9 zdrojem zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee jejich motory vypou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00e9 v\u00fdfukov\u00e9 plyny podobn\u00e9 t\u011bm z automobil\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2017 dostala Princess, v\u00fdletn\u00ed linka vlastn\u011bn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost\u00ed Carnival, pokutu\u00a0<\/span>40 milion\u016f dolar\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0za \u00famysln\u00e9 vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ropn\u00e9ho odpadu do oce\u00e1nu a zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f o zlo\u010dinu.\u00a0Spole\u010dnost tak\u00e9 dostala pokutu dal\u0161\u00edch 20 milion\u016f dolar\u016f za poru\u0161en\u00ed zku\u0161ebn\u00ed doby.\u00a0Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ropou z lodn\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu je v\u0161eobecn\u011b uzn\u00e1v\u00e1no jako hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edho se zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed mo\u0159\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi typy lod\u00ed jsou v\u00fdletn\u00ed lod\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a spot\u0159ebuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho topn\u00e9ho oleje, kter\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za jedno z nejv\u00edce zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch paliv ze v\u0161ech.\u00a0Tento typ oleje obsahuje\u00a0<\/span>vysok\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed s\u00edry a t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch kov\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span>Podle statistik v\u00fdletn\u00ed lod\u011b b\u011b\u017en\u011b spot\u0159ebuj\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u011b 150 tun t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho topn\u00e9ho oleje denn\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Tento olej se m\u016f\u017ee sm\u00edchat s mo\u0159skou vodou a po\u0161kodit r\u016fzn\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010dichy.\u00a0Krom\u011b toho mohou poruchy motoru nebo nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 opravy zp\u016fsobit rozlit\u00ed oleje a zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed mo\u0159e.<\/span><\/p>\n

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V\u00fdletn\u00ed lod\u011b zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v evropsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstavn\u00edch m\u011bstech oxidem si\u0159i\u010dit\u00fdm.\u00a0P\u0159i spot\u0159eb\u011b 150 tun t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ropy…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":32233,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[2692,1875,5478,3271],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32232"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32232"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32234,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32232\/revisions\/32234"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32233"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}