{"id":32092,"date":"2023-07-14T05:25:30","date_gmt":"2023-07-14T03:25:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=32092"},"modified":"2023-07-14T05:25:30","modified_gmt":"2023-07-14T03:25:30","slug":"kauza-kundera-pevna-vira","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/07\/14\/kauza-kundera-pevna-vira\/","title":{"rendered":"Kauza Kundera: PEVN\u00c1 V\u00cdRA"},"content":{"rendered":"
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D\u016fvody \u010desk\u00fdch politick\u00fdch emigrant\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed odolali svod\u016fm repatriace a\u00a0jezd\u00ed \u201edom\u016f\u201c jen na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu, jsou rozmanit\u00e9. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se o\u00a0n\u00e1vrat pokou\u0161eli znovu a\u00a0znovu, a\u017e dali p\u0159ednost t\u0159et\u00edmu \u00fazem\u00ed, t\u00e9 krajin\u011b, kter\u00e1 u\u017e nezklame (nap\u0159\u00edklad Kryl).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dnes po\u00a0poledni dr\u017eeli poslanci Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu minutu ticha, aby uctili pam\u00e1tku v\u010dera zem\u0159el\u00e9ho Milana Kundery, spisovatele a\u00a0\u201cbojovn\u00edka proti komunismu.\u201c T\u011bch \u0161edes\u00e1t vte\u0159in ticha u\u017e ale mrtv\u00e9mu spisovateli nenahrad\u00ed patn\u00e1ct ho\u0159k\u00fdch posledn\u00edch let, kdy i\u00a0v\u00a0exilu vyhled\u00e1val \u00fastran\u00ed pot\u00e9, co byl v\u00a0rodn\u00e9 zemi o\u010dern\u011bn za \u00fadajn\u00e9 \u201eud\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c \u0161piona.<\/p>\n

Milan Kundera byl vrstevn\u00edk m\u00e9ho t\u00e1ty, p\u0159esto si pr\u00fd p\u0159ipadal jako jeho mlad\u0161\u00ed bratr. M\u011bli vztah dvou rovnocenn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00e1tel, kte\u0159\u00ed si nekonkuruj\u00ed ani v\u00a0d\u00edle, ani v\u00a0oblib\u011b u\u00a0ve\u0159ejnosti. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0nich m\u011bl sv\u016fj liter\u00e1rn\u00ed styl a\u00a0\u00fahel pohledu, kter\u00fdm vn\u00edmal a\u00a0popisoval sv\u011bt a\u00a0tud\u00ed\u017e se o\u00a0\u010dten\u00e1\u0159e nep\u0159etahovali. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u00e1tova velmi p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e1 smrt zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 medi\u00e1ln\u00edm lyn\u010dem, Milana Kunderu sm\u00ed\u0159ila s\u00a0p\u0159edstavou emigrace. L\u00e9ta jsme si pak p\u0159\u00e1telsky psali, p\u0159elo\u017eil jednu moji pov\u00eddku do francouz\u0161tiny a\u00a0zve\u0159ejnil ji v\u00a0liter\u00e1rn\u00edm \u010dasopise, naposledy jsem jej a\u00a0jeho \u017eenu v\u00a0Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei nav\u0161t\u00edvila asi p\u0159ed osmi lety. Tehdy mi pod\u011bkoval za text Pevn\u00e1 v\u00edra, kter\u00fd jsem napsala v\u00a0dob\u011b dehonestuj\u00edc\u00ed kampan\u011b proti n\u011bmu, kterou odstartoval \u010dasopis RESPEKT. M\u016fj text oti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd v\u00a0roce 2008 v\u00a0Pr\u00e1vu p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Pevn\u00e1 v\u00edra<\/span><\/h3>\n

D\u016fvody \u010desk\u00fdch politick\u00fdch emigrant\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed odolali svod\u016fm repatriace a\u00a0jezd\u00ed \u201edom\u016f\u201c jen na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu, jsou rozmanit\u00e9. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se o\u00a0n\u00e1vrat pokou\u0161eli znovu a\u00a0znovu, a\u017e dali p\u0159ednost t\u0159et\u00edmu \u00fazem\u00ed, t\u00e9 krajin\u011b, kter\u00e1 u\u017e nezklame (nap\u0159\u00edklad Kryl).<\/p>\n

Motiv, pro\u010d se po\u00a0listopadu 1989 nevr\u00e1til rod\u00e1k Milan Kundera, je dnes p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1v\u00e1n pod lupou dohadc\u016f, a\u00a0p\u0159itom pr\u00e1v\u011b jeho d\u016fvod je u\u017e dlouho naprosto \u010diteln\u00fd prost\u00fdm okem. Pro spisovatele, kter\u00fd se skv\u011ble zahn\u00edzdil ve Francii i\u00a0v\u00a0jej\u00edm jazyce, by byl n\u00e1vrat do \u010desk\u00e9 neuspo\u0159\u00e1danosti vyru\u0161en\u00edm a\u00a0zdr\u017een\u00edm. Proto\u017ee to, co ka\u017ed\u00e9mu spisovateli nakonec nejv\u00edc sch\u00e1z\u00ed, je \u010das. A\u00a0vyvolenou zem\u00ed je pro n\u011bj ta, kde se mu dob\u0159e p\u00ed\u0161e.<\/p>\n

Psan\u00ed je osam\u011bl\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost. K\u00a0naps\u00e1n\u00ed knihy si nem\u016f\u017eete vz\u00edt poradce, n\u011bjak\u00fd mozkov\u00fd trust. M\u00e1te jen sv\u016fj mozek, svou pam\u011b\u0165, svou p\u0159edstavivost a\u00a0sv\u016fj d\u016fvod pro\u010d ps\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

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Karel \u010capek psal mysl\u00edm proto, aby tro\u0161ku zlep\u0161il sv\u011bt a\u00a0aby povzbudil lidi. Milan Kundera m\u011bl taky obdob\u00ed, kdy cht\u011bl povzbudit zoufal\u00e9 lidi. Kdy\u017e mu to bylo zak\u00e1z\u00e1no, neum\u0159el na zklam\u00e1n\u00ed. Dok\u00e1zal odjet a\u00a0dok\u00e1zal ps\u00e1t d\u00e1l. D\u00e1 se to nazvat odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed um\u011blce ke sv\u00e9mu talentu.<\/p>\n

Zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm Milan Kundera pozoruje sv\u011bt, p\u0159ipad\u00e1 mnoh\u00fdm \u00fa\u017easn\u00fd. Jin\u00ed ho nech\u00e1pou. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed ho ne\u010dtou. Dal\u0161\u00ed ho za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed \u010d\u00edst\u00a0a\u017e dnes. Aby i\u00a0oni mohli objevit a\u00a0probrat ten doporu\u010den\u00fd skryt\u00fd motiv n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edho \u00fadajn\u00e9ho ud\u00e1n\u00ed. Mydlinky z\u00a0pran\u00ed \u0161pinav\u00e9ho pr\u00e1dla vybublaly i\u00a0ve Frankfurtu. Francie je pobou\u0159ena. N\u011bmci znovu namo\u010dili Grassovy vojensk\u00e9 spodky.<\/p>\n

\u010cest a\u00a0hodnov\u011brnost autora, kter\u00fd popsal tis\u00edce stran a\u00a0oslovil mili\u00f3ny \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f je ohro\u017eena jedn\u00edm za\u017eloutl\u00fdm pap\u00edrem s\u00a0\u00fa\u0159edn\u00edm hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm str\u00e1\u017emistra XY. Kolektiv historik\u016f vyhodnotil dokument jako prav\u00fd. Hlavn\u00edm d\u016fkazem pravosti je spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 po\u0159adov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo v\u00a0arch\u00edvu. St\u00e1\u0159\u00ed pap\u00edru pr\u00fd taky zkoumali. Nad chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edm \u010d\u00edslem ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho pr\u016fkazu, kter\u00e9 se vypisuje p\u0159i\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 v\u00fdpov\u011bdi, ozn\u00e1men\u00ed \u010di\u00a0sv\u011bdectv\u00ed, velkoryse m\u00e1vli rukou. Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed podpis \u201eudava\u010de\u201c vysv\u011btluj\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee ne\u0161lo o\u00a0protokol, ale o\u00a0\u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed policisty. Jejich d\u016fkaz je tedy podlo\u017een pevnou v\u00edrou, \u017ee policejn\u00ed ostatky z\u00a0pades\u00e1t\u00fdch let jsou svat\u00e9. M\u00e1vaj\u00ed t\u00edmto zvet\u0161el\u00fdm jazykem Jana Nepomuka a\u00a0vy\u017eaduj\u00ed dozn\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0pok\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nediv\u00edm se, \u017ee ten \u017ealuj\u00edc\u00ed jazyk objevili a\u017e te\u010f. V\u00a0roce, kter\u00fd je v\u011bnovan\u00fd reminiscenc\u00edm na Pra\u017esk\u00e9 jaro, o\u00a0jeho\u017e v\u00fdvoji a\u00a0hodnot\u00e1ch se dne\u0161n\u00ed mlad\u00ed poprv\u00e9 dov\u00eddaj\u00ed celistv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace, je ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 pomluva jednoho z\u00a0tehdej\u0161\u00edch protagonist\u016f z\u0159ejm\u00fdm pokusem o\u00a0znev\u00e1\u017een\u00ed onoho politick\u00e9ho pokusu, podle \u00faslov\u00ed: ryba smrd\u00ed od hlavy. Nejsou to \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nov\u00e9 praktiky.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 V\u00a0dubnu roku 1970 odvys\u00edlala st\u00e1tn\u00ed televize dokument proti m\u00e9mu otci spisovateli Janu Proch\u00e1zkovi (dal\u0161\u00edmu akt\u00e9rovi Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho jara), kde tohoto obl\u00edben\u00e9ho autora p\u0159edstavila jako vulg\u00e1rn\u00edho dona\u0161e\u010de a\u00a0to pomoc\u00ed sest\u0159\u00edhan\u00fdch policejn\u00edch odposlech\u016f z\u00a0bytu. V\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch dnech medi\u00e1ln\u00ed lyn\u010d pokra\u010doval v\u00a0rozhlase a\u00a0v\u00a0tisku. Mnoz\u00ed t\u00e9 kamufl\u00e1\u017ei uv\u011b\u0159ili a\u00a0t\u00e1ta dost\u00e1val des\u00edtky rozho\u0159\u010den\u00fdch i\u00a0v\u00fdhru\u017en\u00fdch dopis\u016f. O\u00a0rok pozd\u011bji na tu pomluvu zem\u0159el. Poh\u0159eb prob\u011bhl za policejn\u00ed asistence a\u00a0smute\u010dn\u00ed host\u00e9 byli vl\u00e1\u010deni k\u00a0v\u00fdslech\u016fm. Kdybych toto nepro\u017eila a\u00a0kdybych pozd\u011bji sama nebyla mnohokr\u00e1t vysl\u00fdch\u00e1na na StB ale i\u00a0SNB (proto\u017ee chartisty se policie sna\u017eila kriminalizovat), mo\u017en\u00e1 by m\u011b n\u00e1lez na\u0161ich dne\u0161n\u00edch p\u00e1tra\u010d\u016f zviklal. A\u00a0t\u0159eba by m\u011b nezarazilo, \u017ee k\u00a0objeven\u00ed dokumentu do\u0161lo a\u017e v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy v\u0161ichni akt\u00e9\u0159i kauzy krom\u011b Kundery jsou ji\u017e mrtv\u00ed nebo neschopn\u00ed relevantn\u00edho sv\u011bdectv\u00ed. Snad by mi ani nep\u0159i\u0161lo divn\u00e9, \u017ee pokud dokument le\u017eel v\u00a0arch\u00edvech od roku 1950, nepou\u017eili (tehdej\u0161\u00ed hlasatel\u00e9 prav\u00e9 v\u00edry) tenhle trumf proti Kunderovi u\u017e d\u0159\u00edv, nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0roce 1967, kdy\u017e zah\u00e1jil Pra\u017esk\u00e9 jaro sv\u00fdm state\u010dn\u00fdm projevem na sjezdu spisovatel\u016f. Ale i\u00a0na star\u00fd pap\u00edr se d\u00e1 star\u00fdm strojem napsat novou hl\u00e1\u0161ku zpotvo\u0159en\u00fdm star\u00fdm jazykem. Kdyby dali historici ten jedin\u00fd doli\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt ke zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed Kriminalistick\u00e9mu \u00fastavu, kauza by nejsp\u00ed\u0161 k\u00a0ve\u0159ejnosti nepronikla. To, \u017ee m\u00edsto toho poskytli informace m\u00e9di\u00edm, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zn\u00e1mkou \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho z\u00e1m\u011bru, v\u00a0kter\u00e9m nejde \u201ejen\u201c o\u00a0dehonestaci obrodn\u00e9ho procesu, ale i\u00a0o\u00a0znev\u00e1\u017een\u00ed t\u0159et\u00edho odboje. Je-li tomu tak, bude n\u00e1m u\u017e brzy ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 minulost p\u0159ipadat nesm\u00edrn\u011b jednoduch\u00e1 a\u00a0srozumiteln\u00e1. Z\u00e1sluhou investigativn\u00edch historik\u016f pak hrav\u011b pochop\u00edme, \u017ee v\u0161echny nov\u011b nabyt\u00e9 svobody m\u00e1me d\u00edky americk\u00e9mu prezidentovi, CIA, Janu Pavlovi II. a\u00a0\u2026 ?<\/p>\n

(uve\u0159ejn\u011bno v\u00a0den\u00edku Pr\u00e1vo na podzim 2008)<\/p>\n

Lenka Proch\u00e1zkov\u00e1<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(Foto: archiv PPM)<\/em><\/p>\n

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D\u016fvody \u010desk\u00fdch politick\u00fdch emigrant\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed odolali svod\u016fm repatriace a\u00a0jezd\u00ed \u201edom\u016f\u201c jen na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu, jsou rozmanit\u00e9….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":32093,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[29,5454,4816],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32092"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32092"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32092\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32093"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32092"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32092"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32092"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}