{"id":30709,"date":"2023-06-22T05:50:40","date_gmt":"2023-06-22T03:50:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=30709"},"modified":"2023-06-22T06:02:31","modified_gmt":"2023-06-22T04:02:31","slug":"daniela-dvorakova-hloupy-obsah-a-svoboda-projevu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/06\/22\/daniela-dvorakova-hloupy-obsah-a-svoboda-projevu\/","title":{"rendered":"Daniela Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1: Hloup\u00fd obsah a svoboda projevu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u201eMiluji t\u011b.\u201c \u201eJsi rusk\u00fd \u0161v\u00e1b.\u201c \u201eV\u00e1\u017e\u00edm 70 kilo.\u201c \u201eJ\u00e9, tob\u011b to slu\u0161\u00ed.\u201c \u201eTu kabelku jsem koupila ve slev\u011b.\u201c \u201eV\u010dera jsem byla v divadlo.\u201c \u201eDen m\u00e1 19 hodin.\u201c \u201eZem\u011b je placat\u00e1.\u201c<\/strong><\/div>\n
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\u201eV\u011b\u0159\u00edm v Boha, otce v\u0161emohouc\u00edho, stvo\u0159itele nebe i zem\u011b, p\u00e1na na\u0161eho.\u201c \u201eZaslou\u017eil by pov\u011bsit.\u201c \u201eZni\u010dil mi \u017eivot.\u201c \u201eTy l\u017ee\u0161!\u201c \u201eOna m\u011b povedla.\u201c \u201eOni za to m\u016f\u017eou.\u201c \u201eJ\u00e1 ten orgasmus p\u0159ed n\u00edm jen hraju.\u201c \u201eNikdy jsem ti nev\u011b\u0159ila.\u201c \u201eM\u00e1 prdel jako almaru.\u201c \u201eUkrajina u\u017e dostala dost.\u201c \u201eNesn\u00e1\u0161\u00edm buzny, \u010dernochy a Araby.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u011bci.<\/p>\n

Hloup\u00e9, chytr\u00e9, vesel\u00e9, smutn\u00e9, zl\u00e9, nen\u00e1vistn\u00e9, vtipn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u011bci.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u011bci se n\u00e1m l\u00edb\u00ed, n\u011bkter\u00e9 n\u00e1s nud\u00ed, n\u011bkter\u00e9 n\u00e1s pobav\u00ed, n\u011bkter\u00e9 na\u0161tvou, n\u011bkter\u00e9 uraz\u00ed.<\/p>\n

A te\u010f pozor: n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u011bci sly\u0161\u00edme r\u00e1di a n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u011bci sly\u0161\u00edme neradi. U n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed jsme r\u00e1di, kdy\u017e je sly\u0161\u00ed i ostatn\u00ed. A u n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed bychom byli nejrad\u0161i, kdyby je ostatn\u00ed nesly\u0161eli a nikdy sly\u0161et nemohli.<\/p>\n

U n\u011bkter\u00fdch bychom si nejrad\u0161i zacpali u\u0161i.<\/p>\n

U n\u011bkter\u00fdch bychom nejrad\u0161i zacpali u\u0161i jin\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

U n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed bychom byli nejrad\u0161i, kdyby je sly\u0161eli v\u0161ichni povinn\u011b.<\/p>\n

To v\u0161echno, co jsem \u0159ekla, plat\u00ed od chv\u00edle, co se lidstvo nau\u010dilo mluvit. Zkr\u00e1tka m\u00e1lokter\u00e9 v\u00fdroky jsou neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed a jsou neutr\u00e1ln\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1ny. A my, lid\u00e9, jsme se v\u0161echny v\u00fdroky nau\u010dili hodnotit.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 jako prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 jako \u0161kodliv\u00e9.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 jako pom\u00e1haj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 jako ubli\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Na tom nen\u00ed nic nov\u00e9ho. Na tom, \u017ee v\u00fdroky hodnot\u00edme, \u017ee jim d\u00e1v\u00e1me plusov\u00e1 a m\u00ednusov\u00e1 znam\u00e9nka. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z n\u00e1\u0161 to d\u011bl\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd den mnohokr\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

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N\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdroky se sna\u017e\u00edme p\u0159ehlu\u0161it, zapomenout, potla\u010dit. Jin\u00e9 pos\u00edl\u00e1me d\u00e1l. Tak to m\u011bly a maj\u00ed v\u0161echny lidsk\u00e9 civilizace a spole\u010dnosti v\u0161ude na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Je to p\u0159irozen\u00e9, je to lidsk\u00e9. Nemus\u00ed se to nijak upravovat z\u00e1konem.<\/p>\n

Fenom\u00e9n a institut svobody slova je ale n\u011bco p\u0159evratn\u00e9ho a \u00fapln\u011b nov\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Je to toti\u017e revolu\u010dn\u00ed fenom\u00e9n, kter\u00fd stoj\u00ed mimo prastar\u00fd princip hodnocen\u00ed v\u00fdroku. Vedle n\u011bj. Nad n\u00edm. Fenom\u00e9n svobody slova vis\u00ed nad debatou o kvalit\u011b, vhodnosti, prosp\u011b\u0161nosti \u010di nejasnosti jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fdrok\u016f. My\u0161lenka svobod slova p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fd pohled na problematiku kvality v\u00fdrok\u016f, existuje mimo debatu o obsahu v\u00fdrok\u016f a nad n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ve skute\u010dnosti je to princip velmi nesamoz\u0159ejm\u00fd a v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b nep\u0159irozen\u00fd, b\u011b\u017en\u011b mezi lidmi a lidsk\u00fdmi spole\u010dnostmi nepou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd.\u00a0Pr\u00e1v\u011b v tom je jeho unik\u00e1tnost.\u00a0<\/strong>Proto mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zakotven v \u00fastav\u00e1ch, proto ho mus\u00edme ope\u010dov\u00e1vat a chr\u00e1nit.<\/p>\n

Princip svobody slova nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 pouze v tom: \u201e\u0158\u00edkejte si, co chcete, a j\u00e1 to strp\u00edm.\u201c<\/p>\n

Princip svobody slova a projevu spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee je pro n\u011bj pozastavena odv\u011bk\u00e1 platnost hodnocen\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho v\u00fdroku. \u017de pro n\u011bj neplat\u00ed. \u017de neplat\u00ed, pokud jde o samu mo\u017enost nechat takov\u00fd v\u00fdrok zazn\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Princip svobody slova \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee polemika o kvalit\u00e1ch a hodnocen\u00ed kvalit v\u00fdrok\u016f se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 na jin\u00e9m h\u0159i\u0161ti a \u017ee ke svobod\u011b slova nepat\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee nen\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed filozofie tohoto institutu.<\/p>\n

Svoboda slova p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed n\u011bco z\u00e1sadn\u011b nov\u00e9ho: je to v\u011bdom\u00e9, dobrovoln\u00e9 a chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 z\u0159eknut\u00ed se hodnocen\u00ed kvality v\u00fdrok\u016f p\u0159i rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed, sm\u011bj\u00ed-li v\u016fbec zazn\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Z toho v\u0161eho plyne z\u00e1sadn\u00ed a vlastn\u011b velmi nesamoz\u0159ejm\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br, i kdy\u017e ban\u00e1ln\u011b zn\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed:\u00a0Svoboda slova nesm\u00ed m\u00edt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 mantinely. Svoboda slova bu\u010f je, anebo nen\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Princip svobody slova je neslu\u010diteln\u00fd s hodnocen\u00edm kvality, \u0161kodlivosti \u010di prosp\u011b\u0161nosti v\u00fdroku. \u017de v\u00fdrokem lze sp\u00e1chat \u010di zp\u016fsobit \u00fajmu druh\u00e9mu, a tud\u00ed\u017e za n\u011bj pot\u00e9 n\u00e9st trestn\u00ed \u010di ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost, nesouvis\u00ed s t\u00edm, zda takov\u00fd v\u00fdrok sm\u00ed nebo nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt vy\u0159\u010den, zda m\u00e1 b\u00fdt p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u011b zabr\u00e1n\u011bno, aby zazn\u011bl.<\/p>\n

Pokud za\u010dneme \u0159\u00edkat, \u017ee svoboda slova plat\u00ed jen pro dobr\u00e9, spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 a prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 v\u00fdroky, zat\u00edmco ty ostatn\u00ed maj\u00ed b\u00fdt omezeny, plyne z toho naprost\u00e9 a tragick\u00e9 nepochopen\u00ed, \u017ee svoboda slova s obsahem ani hodnocen\u00edm v\u00fdroku nem\u00e1 nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

V mezn\u00edch situac\u00edch b\u00fdvaj\u00ed omezeny svobody r\u016fzn\u00e9, v\u010detn\u011b pohybu nebo vlastnictv\u00ed. A b\u00fdv\u00e1 to takto otev\u0159en\u011b deklarov\u00e1no. Pak ale mus\u00ed b\u00fdt explikov\u00e1no, \u017ee platnost svobody slova je pozastavena tehdy, pokud se nem\u00e1 vztahovat na nevhodn\u00e9 nebo \u0161kodliv\u00e9 v\u00fdroky. Proto\u017ee pak u\u017e to nen\u00ed svoboda slova, ale hodnocen\u00ed slova. A pak z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, kdo ty v\u00fdroky hodnot\u00ed. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ov\u0161em svoboda slova neplat\u00ed v\u016fbec. Zru\u0161ili jsme ji a vrac\u00edme se k p\u0159irozen\u00e9 slovn\u00ed nesvobod\u011b. Nem\u016f\u017ee platit, \u017ee svoboda slova se vztahuje jen pro ne\u0161kodliv\u00e9 v\u00fdroky, proto\u017ee pak u\u017e nen\u00ed zaru\u010dena v\u016fbec.<\/p>\n

Svoboda slova byla jako princip p\u0159evratn\u00fdm objevem pr\u00e1v\u011b v tom, \u017ee obsahovala v\u011bdomou rezignaci na hodnocen\u00ed v\u00fdrok\u016f. Pochopiteln\u011b jen pro tento \u00fa\u010del. Pro \u00fa\u010del ochrany svobody takov\u00e9 v\u00fdroky \u0159\u00edkat.<\/p>\n

Svoboda slova je tu pr\u00e1v\u011b od toho, aby h\u00e1jila v\u00fdroky nevhodn\u00e9.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V tom je jej\u00ed originalita a v\u00fdjime\u010dnost. Bu\u010f bude platit princip svobody projevu, anebo bude zru\u0161en a bude nahrazen hodnocen\u00edm projevu.<\/p>\n

Svoboda slova jen pro prov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 v\u00fdroky nen\u00ed svobodou slova, ale projevem nepochopen\u00ed principu svobodn\u00e9ho vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Chcete omezit \u010di regulovat svobodu projevu? Dobr\u00e1. Pak cel\u00fd ten institut, ten fenom\u00e9n vyho\u010fme. Zru\u0161me ho rovnou. Byl to omyl. Ale pak u\u017e si term\u00edn \u201csvoboda projevu\u201d neberme do \u00fast. Zabili jsme ho.<\/p>\n

Pak se vr\u00e1t\u00edme zp\u011bt do ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 minulosti: svobodu slova m\u00edt op\u011bt nebudeme, m\u00edsto toho budeme m\u00edt hodnocen\u00ed v\u00fdroku.<\/p>\n

A taky hodnocen\u00ed mluv\u010d\u00edho.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Daniela Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1<\/a><\/em>
\nRodinn\u00e1 advok\u00e1tka a spisovatelka, podle n\u00ed\u017e v\u0161echno za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 a kon\u010d\u00ed\u00a0v rodin\u011b. Sen\u00e1torka \u010cR za obvod \u010d. 7 (Plze\u0148 – m\u011bsto).<\/em><\/p>\n

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\u201eMiluji t\u011b.\u201c \u201eJsi rusk\u00fd \u0161v\u00e1b.\u201c \u201eV\u00e1\u017e\u00edm 70 kilo.\u201c \u201eJ\u00e9, tob\u011b to slu\u0161\u00ed.\u201c \u201eTu kabelku jsem…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21972,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[29,122,553],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30709"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30709"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30709\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21972"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30709"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30709"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30709"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}