{"id":29973,"date":"2023-06-12T01:09:26","date_gmt":"2023-06-11T23:09:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=29973"},"modified":"2023-06-11T16:20:24","modified_gmt":"2023-06-11T14:20:24","slug":"jak-ruske-sankce-vyvolaly-celosvetovou-vzpouru-proti-americkemu-dolaru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/06\/12\/jak-ruske-sankce-vyvolaly-celosvetovou-vzpouru-proti-americkemu-dolaru\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak rusk\u00e9 sankce vyvolaly celosv\u011btovou vzpouru proti americk\u00e9mu dolaru"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Rostouc\u00ed po\u010det n\u00e1rod\u016f se vyh\u00fdbal dolaru v obchodn\u00edch osad\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Po\u010det mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch dohod zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed americk\u00e9ho dolaru v obchodu v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b roste, co\u017e signalizuje glob\u00e1ln\u00ed tlak na dedolarizaci ve sv\u011btle agresivn\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky Washingtonu.\u00a0RT zkoum\u00e1 odvr\u00e1cenou stranu politiky americk\u00fdch sankc\u00ed a zda ohro\u017euje hegemonii dolaru.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>1.Pro\u010d USA vyzbrojuj\u00ed dolar?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Washington vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dominanci dolaru jako n\u00e1stroj k zachov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 a geopolitick\u00e9 p\u0159evahy a z\u00e1rove\u0148 uvaluje \u010detn\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00ed omezen\u00ed na zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 pova\u017euje za poru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy USA.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>2.Co je z\u00e1kladem t\u011bchto akc\u00ed?<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nNa USA p\u0159ipad\u00e1 asi 20 % celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho ekonomick\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu, ale v\u00edce ne\u017e polovina sv\u011btov\u00fdch m\u011bnov\u00fdch rezerv je v dolarech a v\u011bt\u0161ina p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00edch transakc\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u00ed za pou\u017eit\u00ed m\u011bny.\u00a0To pom\u00e1h\u00e1 dolaru udr\u017eet si vedouc\u00ed pozici mezi sv\u011btov\u00fdmi rezervn\u00edmi m\u011bnami.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>3.Je dolarov\u00e1 dominance ohro\u017eena?<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nEkonomov\u00e9, v\u010detn\u011b americk\u00e9 ministryn\u011b financ\u00ed Janet Yellenov\u00e9, varovali, \u017ee jednostrann\u00e9 sankce uvalen\u00e9 Washingtonem na n\u00e1rody po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b d\u0159\u00edve \u010di pozd\u011bji podkopou hegemonii jeho m\u011bny.\u00a0V\u00fdkonn\u00e1 \u0159editelka Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho m\u011bnov\u00e9ho fondu (MMF) Kristalina Georgieva tak\u00e9 uvedla, \u017ee dolar postupn\u011b ztr\u00e1c\u00ed sv\u00e9 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed postaven\u00ed.\u00a0Varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v n\u00e1vaznosti na n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed postupn\u00e9ho poklesu pod\u00edlu dolaru na rezerv\u00e1ch glob\u00e1ln\u00edch centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank.\u00a0Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ratingov\u00e1 agentura Moody&#8217;s ned\u00e1vno uvedla, \u017ee mezi probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 by mohly ohrozit dominanci dolaru, pat\u0159\u00ed prohlubuj\u00edc\u00ed se geopolitick\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed.\u00a0Dodal v\u0161ak, \u017ee role m\u011bny bude navzdory v\u00fdzv\u00e1m p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>4.Existuj\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9 \u017eivotaschopn\u00e9 alternativy?<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nOkam\u017eit\u00e9 nahrazen\u00ed dolaru nen\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, domn\u00edv\u00e1 se v\u011bt\u0161ina ekonom\u016f.\u00a0\u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd j\u00fcan je v\u0161ak \u010dasto zmi\u0148ov\u00e1n jako hlavn\u00ed rival dolaru kv\u016fli jeho rostouc\u00edmu pod\u00edlu na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch obchodn\u00edch dohod\u00e1ch spolu s expanz\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 ekonomiky.\u00a0Ekonomov\u00e9 si z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161\u00edmaj\u00ed nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 transparentnosti \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho finan\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee j\u00fcan nen\u00ed pln\u011b sm\u011bniteln\u00fd.\u00a0Indick\u00e1 rupie byla tak\u00e9 jmenov\u00e1na jako uchaze\u010d.\u00a0Co se t\u00fd\u010de eura a japonsk\u00e9ho jenu, experti vznesli pochybnosti o jejich dlouhodob\u00e9 budoucnosti a stabilit\u011b kv\u016fli ekonomick\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm v EU a v Japonsku.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>5.Mohly by se sankce v\u016f\u010di Rusku obr\u00e1tit proti dolaru?<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nBezprecedentn\u00ed sankce veden\u00e9 Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 zmrazily schopnost Moskvy vyu\u017e\u00edvat polovinu jej\u00edch rezerv, a tak\u00e9 omezily schopnost rusk\u00fdch bank prov\u00e1d\u011bt transakce prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm syst\u00e9mu zas\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v SWIFT, by podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch analytik\u016f mohly m\u00edt bumerangov\u00fd efekt.\u00a0Podle nich mnoho zem\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na ty, kter\u00e9 jsou v hled\u00e1\u010dku restriktivn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed USA, vyj\u00e1d\u0159ilo obavy, \u017ee by tato opat\u0159en\u00ed mohla b\u00fdt v budoucnu pou\u017eita proti nim a mohla by ovlivnit fungov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich ekonomik.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>6.Mohl by BRICS zpochybnit americkou m\u011bnu?<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nPostaven\u00ed americk\u00e9ho dolaru jako glob\u00e1ln\u00edho kr\u00e1le by podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b b\u00fdval\u00e9ho p\u0159edsedy Goldman Sachs Jima O&#8217;Neilla, mohla \u010dasem a za ur\u010dit\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed zpochybnit skupina rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edch se zem\u00ed BRICS.\u00a0Ekonomick\u00fd blok zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed Braz\u00edlii, Rusko, Indii, \u010c\u00ednu a Ji\u017en\u00ed Afriku ji\u017e p\u0159edstihl G7 v hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m r\u016fstu.\u00a0Jejich tlak na obchod s n\u00e1rodn\u00edmi m\u011bnami a snahy o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 platebn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e1 by sn\u00ed\u017eila z\u00e1vislost na z\u00e1padn\u00edm finan\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu, a zejm\u00e9na na dolaru, nab\u00fdvaj\u00ed na s\u00edle.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>7.Co se stane, kdy\u017e dolar ztrat\u00ed sv\u016fj rezervn\u00ed status?<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nSou\u010dasn\u00fd stav dolaru umo\u017e\u0148uje USA vykazovat velk\u00e9 deficity jak v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm obchodu, tak ve vl\u00e1dn\u00edch v\u00fddaj\u00edch.\u00a0Jej\u00ed ztr\u00e1ta by mohla m\u00edt za n\u00e1sledek n\u00e1sledn\u00fd pokles popt\u00e1vky po m\u011bn\u011b a mo\u017en\u00e9 znehodnocen\u00ed jej\u00ed hodnoty, co\u017e by si vy\u017e\u00e1dalo v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 uta\u017een\u00ed opask\u016f ze strany Washingtonu.\u00a0Mezi vedlej\u0161\u00ed efekty, kter\u00e9 by v tomto sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i mohly ohrozit americkou ekonomiku, by mohl pat\u0159it men\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ke kapit\u00e1lu, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdp\u016fj\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady a ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed hodnoty na akciov\u00e9m trhu.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-19187 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"160\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO.jpg 699w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rostouc\u00ed po\u010det n\u00e1rod\u016f se vyh\u00fdbal dolaru v obchodn\u00edch osad\u00e1ch Po\u010det mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch dohod zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12444,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1042,4740,1324,59,125,276],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29973"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29973"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29973\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29974,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29973\/revisions\/29974"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29973"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29973"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29973"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}