{"id":29134,"date":"2023-05-31T05:23:35","date_gmt":"2023-05-31T03:23:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=29134"},"modified":"2023-05-31T05:56:38","modified_gmt":"2023-05-31T03:56:38","slug":"co-je-hlavnim-rizikem-pouziti-munice-s-ochuzenym-uranem-u238-a-v-cem-je-problem-v-miste-zasazeni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/05\/31\/co-je-hlavnim-rizikem-pouziti-munice-s-ochuzenym-uranem-u238-a-v-cem-je-problem-v-miste-zasazeni\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je hlavn\u00edm rizikem pou\u017eit\u00ed munice s ochuzen\u00fdm uranem U238 a v \u010dem je probl\u00e9m v m\u00edst\u011b zasa\u017een\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<section>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Uran 238 (ochuzen\u00fd uran) je zdroj alfa z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, je to alfa z\u00e1\u0159i\u010d.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Alfa z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed je pro organizmus ze v\u0161ech zn\u00e1m\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed NEJNEBEZPE\u010cN\u011aJ\u0160\u00cd pro sv\u016fj biologick\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek, dostane-li se jeho zdroj do t\u011bla (hlavn\u011b s potravou, vodou a vdechnut\u00edm prachu). Zp\u016fsobuje i po letech od vniknut\u00ed do t\u011bla rakovinu a genov\u00e9 mutace (v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 n\u00e1r\u016fsty jejich v\u00fdskytu nap\u0159. v\u00a0Srbsku a Ir\u00e1ku, kde do\u0161lo k\u00a0mas\u00edvn\u00edmu pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u00e9to munice).<\/p>\n<p>Alfa z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (kladn\u011b nabit\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice) se ve vzduchu \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed na vzd\u00e1lenost jen des\u00edtky cm, zastav\u00ed ho nap\u0159. list pap\u00edru. Proto se d\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159it jen na specializovan\u00e9m v\u011bdeck\u00e9m pracovi\u0161ti, ne b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi arm\u00e1dn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edstroji ani p\u0159\u00edstroji civiln\u00ed ochrany \u2013 proto\u017ee k jejich sond\u00e1m, a do nich vlastn\u011b \u201enedolet\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Uranov\u00e1 munice (skladovan\u00e1 nebo vezen\u00e1) m\u00e1 charakter pom\u011brn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho\u00a0<strong>uzav\u0159en\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159i\u010de<\/strong>*) (je to vlastn\u011b pevn\u00e1 uranov\u00e1 \u201ety\u010dka\u201c uvnit\u0159 n\u00e1boje, kter\u00e1 nezamo\u0159uje okol\u00ed a je nav\u00edc um\u00edst\u011bna v obalu st\u0159ely).Po z\u00e1sahu n\u00e1razem do hmotn\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed (a\u0165 tref\u00ed nebo netref\u00ed c\u00edl) se uvoln\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 energie, uran se vypa\u0159\u00ed a v okoln\u00ed atmosf\u00e9\u0159e \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b sho\u0159\u00ed \u2013\u00a0ale\u00a0<strong>jako prvek nezmiz\u00ed<\/strong>.\u00a0Tragick\u00e9 je \u017ee se stane tzv.\u00a0<strong>otev\u0159en\u00fdm z\u00e1\u0159i\u010dem<\/strong>*), kter\u00fd se u\u017e voln\u011b a bez p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do okol\u00ed, nasorbovan\u00fd na prach, ale i potravu pro zv\u00ed\u0159ata a lidi, kontaminuje vodu nebo za zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch podm\u00ednek (viz n\u00ed\u017ee) i d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e, ale nen\u00ed vid\u011bt, ani nejde snadno zjistit b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edstroji.Rozsah zamo\u0159en\u00ed po z\u00e1sahu c\u00edle, nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd, ale m\u016f\u017ee se \u0161\u00ed\u0159it do okol\u00ed na \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dk\u00e1ch (nosi\u010d\u00edch) prost\u0159ed\u00ed, krom\u011b prachu a vody i t\u00edm, \u017ee se dostane do potravn\u00edho \u0159et\u011bzce.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"clanek-obsah\">Uran 238 m\u00e1 polo\u010das rozpadu asi 4,6 miliardy let (tak star\u00e1 je i planeta Zem\u011b). Bude\u00a0v zasa\u017een\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed tedy na v\u011bky, jen bude vlivem dlouh\u00e9ho \u010dasu postupovat p\u016fvodn\u011b z povrchu do v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch hloubek a bude adsorbov\u00e1n na \u010d\u00e1stice \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u2013 a ty mohou b\u00fdt v\u00a0\u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed pohybliv\u00e9 (pol\u00e9tav\u00fd prach, roztoky) i relativn\u011b nepohybliv\u00e9 (v\u00e1zan\u00e9 na neoran\u00e9, nekyp\u0159en\u00e9 zeminy a p\u016fdy v\u00a0hloubce, nebo vrstvy dodate\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ekryt\u00e9 nav\u00e1\u017ekou)<\/p>\n<h2>A te\u010f k\u00a0ud\u00e1losti zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159i z\u00e1sahu muni\u010dn\u00edho skladu v\u00a0Chmelnickem<\/h2>\n<p>Viz:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/05\/18\/rusove-asi-opravdu-trefili-13-kvetna-v-chmelnyckem-sklad-s-britskymi-bojovymi-hlavicemi-s-ochuzenym-uranem\/\">ZDE<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Pokud se uveden\u00e1 munice opravdu nach\u00e1zela v\u00a0tomto zcela zni\u010den\u00e9m skladu, jedn\u00e1 se pak o t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejnou energetickou situaci v centru v\u00fdbuchu klasick\u00fdch trhavin, jako po z\u00e1sahu c\u00edle touto munic\u00ed.\u00a0Jenom j\u00ed bylo v\u00edc na jednom m\u00edst\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00a0videa vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00fdbuch trhavin (z\u0159eteln\u011b viditeln\u00e1 tlakov\u00e1 vlna) a mo\u017en\u00e1 i ho\u0159en\u00ed raketov\u00fdch paliv zp\u016fsobil vzestupn\u00e9 proud\u011bn\u00ed ve tvaru h\u0159ibu (obdoba h\u0159ibovit\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru po jadern\u00e9m v\u00fdbuchu) dle videa dosahuj\u00edc\u00edho do v\u00fd\u0161ky n\u011bkolika kilometr\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Nutno zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee se nejednalo o jadern\u00fd v\u00fdbuch (uran238 nen\u00ed \u0161t\u011bpn\u00fd materi\u00e1l), ale o energeticky t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 obdobn\u00fd v\u00fdbuch klasick\u00fdch trhavin, kter\u00fd mohl vyn\u00e9st do atmosf\u00e9ry i uranovou kontaminaci, pokud tam byla p\u0159\u00edtomna.<\/p>\n<p>Sledovali jsme ve dnech bezprost\u0159edn\u011b n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch po ud\u00e1losti (13.5.2023) na port\u00e1le Ventusky sm\u011br a rychlost v\u011btru v\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch hladin\u00e1ch. Proud\u011bn\u00ed bylo pom\u011brn\u011b st\u00e1l\u00e9 a sm\u011b\u0159ovalo od m\u011bsta Chmelnickyj na severoz\u00e1pad. Rychlost v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho v\u011btru byla podle sledovan\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch hladin od 50 do 70 km\/h (podle odhadu kam a\u017e vystoupal \u201eh\u0159ibovit\u00fd\u201c oblak).<\/p>\n<p>Polsk\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b v Lublinu provozovan\u00e9 univerzitou Marie Sklodowsk\u00e9 (Maria Curie-Sklodowska University \u2013 UMCS)\u00a0zachytilo ve vzduchu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 hladiny Bismutu (rozpadov\u00e1 \u0159ada uranu) a n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch prvk\u016f. Dlu\u017eno \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee Uran238 ani dal\u0161\u00ed jeho izotopy se v\u00a0atmosf\u00e9\u0159e b\u011b\u017en\u011b nesleduj\u00ed, proto\u017ee se tam za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch okolnost\u00ed nemohou objevit, ale bylo by mo\u017en\u00e9 to zjistit ze zachycen\u00e9ho vzorku, pokud by se takov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza provedla \u2013 by\u0165 i dodate\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Na port\u00e1le Ventusky byly sou\u010dasn\u011b sledov\u00e1ny de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017eky ve stop\u011b. Jednalo se o ob\u010dasn\u00e9 izolovan\u00e9 p\u0159eh\u00e1\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 by mohly v\u00a0\u010dase p\u0159echodu stopy po v\u00fdbuchu do prostor\u016f vystaven\u00fdch de\u0161ti strhnout nav\u00edc zv\u00fd\u0161enou dotaci pol\u00e9tav\u00e9ho prachu i s\u00a0akcesoriemi n\u011bjak\u00fdch splodin.<\/p>\n<p>Tyto skute\u010dnosti by mohly v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nevylou\u010den\u00ed kontaminace Uranem238 v\u00e9st k\u00a0p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 opatrnosti vyh\u00fdbat se dovozu a konzumaci potravin z\u00a0mo\u017en\u00fdch ohro\u017een\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. Kone\u010dn\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd se m\u016f\u017ee pod\u00edvat na mapu, kde le\u017e\u00ed m\u011bsto Chmelnickyj, a co je d\u00e1le na severoz\u00e1pad od n\u011bj.<\/p>\n<p>Pozn. k textu:<\/p>\n<p>*)Uzav\u0159en\u00fd a otev\u0159en\u00fd z\u00e1\u0159i\u010d jsou odborn\u00e9 term\u00edny b\u011b\u017en\u011b u\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v oboru radia\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a ochrany zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>RNDr. Ing. Vladim\u00edr Esentier<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-19187 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1292\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO.jpg 699w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1292px) 100vw, 1292px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uran 238 (ochuzen\u00fd uran) je zdroj alfa z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, je to alfa z\u00e1\u0159i\u010d.\u00a0 Alfa z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed je&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":27037,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1042,2365,4632],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29134"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29134"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29134\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27037"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}