{"id":28769,"date":"2023-05-26T01:00:23","date_gmt":"2023-05-25T23:00:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=28769"},"modified":"2023-05-25T16:34:38","modified_gmt":"2023-05-25T14:34:38","slug":"dopady-dluhove-krize-amerika-by-zanikla-spolu-se-svetovou-ekonomikou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/05\/26\/dopady-dluhove-krize-amerika-by-zanikla-spolu-se-svetovou-ekonomikou\/","title":{"rendered":"Dopady dluhov\u00e9 krize: Amerika by zanikla spolu se sv\u011btovou ekonomikou"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Pokud dluhov\u00e1 krize nakonec uvrhne Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty do recese, americk\u00e1 ekonomika by sama od sebe neklesla.\u00a0\u00da\u010dinky prvn\u00edho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho bankrotu by se rychle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd kout glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiky by nebyl u\u0161et\u0159en, kdyby americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da zkrachovala a krize nebyla rychle vy\u0159e\u0161ena, \u0159ekl Mark Zandi, hlavn\u00ed ekonom Moody’s Analytics, citovan\u00fd agenturou Associated Press.\u00a0I kdyby byl limit dluhu p\u0159ekro\u010den jen na t\u00fdden, ekonomika USA by oslabila tak siln\u011b a rychle, \u017ee by zaniklo asi 1,5 milionu pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst.<\/span><\/p>\n

A pokud by platebn\u00ed neschopnost trvala mnohem d\u00e9le \u2013 a\u017e do l\u00e9ta \u2013, d\u016fsledky by byly podle anal\u00fdzy Zandiho a jeho koleg\u016f mnohem hor\u0161\u00ed: ekonomick\u00fd r\u016fst USA by se zhroutil, 7,8 milionu americk\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst by zmizelo, \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby z \u00fav\u011br\u016f by prudce klesly, nezam\u011bstnanost sazba by vysko\u010dila na 8 % z dne\u0161n\u00edch 3,4 % a krach akciov\u00e9ho trhu by utrhl 10 bilion\u016f dolar\u016f z bohatstv\u00ed dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

To se mo\u017en\u00e1 nestane, ale republik\u00e1ni pohrozili, \u017ee administrativu zbankrotuj\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee odm\u00edtnou zv\u00fd\u0161it z\u00e1konn\u00fd limit p\u016fj\u010dek, pokud prezident Joe Biden a demokrat\u00e9 nebudou souhlasit s v\u00fdrazn\u00fdmi \u0161krty ve v\u00fddaj\u00edch a dal\u0161\u00edmi \u00fastupky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Strach je \u017eiven skute\u010dnost\u00ed, \u017ee velk\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00ed aktivita z\u00e1vis\u00ed na d\u016fv\u011b\u0159e, \u017ee Amerika v\u017edy spln\u00ed sv\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1vazky.\u00a0Americk\u00fd dluh, dlouho pova\u017eovan\u00fd za velmi bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 aktivum, je z\u00e1kladem glob\u00e1ln\u00edho obchodu postaven\u00e9ho na desetilet\u00edch d\u016fv\u011bry ve Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty.\u00a0Nespl\u00e1cen\u00ed by mohlo ot\u0159\u00e1st trhem s vl\u00e1dn\u00edmi dluhopisy ve v\u00fd\u0161i 24 bilion\u016f dolar\u016f, uzav\u0159\u00edt finan\u010dn\u00ed trhy a vyvolat mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed krizi.<\/span><\/p>\n

„Nepln\u011bn\u00ed by bylo ud\u00e1lost\u00ed s nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdmi, ale pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b dramatick\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky pro americk\u00e9 a glob\u00e1ln\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed trhy,“ varoval Eswar Prasad, profesor obchodn\u00ed politiky na Cornellov\u011b univerzit\u011b a vedouc\u00ed pracovn\u00edk Brookings Institution.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hrozba se objevila v dob\u011b, kdy glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomika \u010del\u00ed spoust\u011b nebezpe\u010d\u00ed \u2013 od rostouc\u00ed inflace a rostouc\u00edch \u00farokov\u00fdch sazeb a\u017e po ruskou invazi na Ukrajinu.<\/span><\/p>\n

V minulosti se americk\u00fdm politik\u016fm obvykle poda\u0159ilo zabr\u00e1nit zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed dluhov\u00e9ho stropu d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e bylo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pozd\u011b.\u00a0Od roku 1960 Kongres zv\u00fd\u0161il, revidoval nebo prodlou\u017eil dluhov\u00fd strop 78kr\u00e1t, naposledy v roce 2021.<\/span><\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9m se ale zhor\u0161il.\u00a0Partiz\u00e1nsk\u00e9 roztr\u017eky v Kongresu se prohloubily, proto\u017ee dluh po letech zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fddaj\u016f a hlubok\u00fdch da\u0148ov\u00fdch \u0161krt\u016f prudce vzrostl.\u00a0Ministryn\u011b financ\u00ed Janet Yellenov\u00e1 varovala, \u017ee pokud z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci strop nezv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed nebo nepozastav\u00ed, vl\u00e1da by mohla \u00fapadek zru\u0161it ji\u017e 1. \u010dervna.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zahrani\u010dn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy a soukrom\u00ed investo\u0159i dr\u017e\u00ed v americk\u00fdch st\u00e1tn\u00edch dluhopisech t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 7 600 miliard dolar\u016f \u2013 asi 31 % cenn\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f st\u00e1tn\u00ed pokladny obchodovan\u00fdch na finan\u010dn\u00edch trz\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Pokud dluhov\u00e1 krize nakonec uvrhne Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty do recese, americk\u00e1 ekonomika by sama od sebe…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14382,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[3568,59,371,276,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28769"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28769"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28769\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28770,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28769\/revisions\/28770"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14382"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28769"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28769"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28769"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}