{"id":28484,"date":"2023-05-21T00:59:18","date_gmt":"2023-05-20T22:59:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=28484"},"modified":"2023-05-20T15:54:51","modified_gmt":"2023-05-20T13:54:51","slug":"rizika-pojidani-stenic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/05\/21\/rizika-pojidani-stenic\/","title":{"rendered":"Rizika poj\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161t\u011bnic"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V posledn\u00edch letech se ni\u010den\u00ed na\u0161ich potravinov\u00fdch z\u00e1sob zrychlilo.\u00a0Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se mno\u017e\u00ed pokusy p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit n\u00e1s, abychom jedli brouky.\u00a0Oba jsou uv\u00e1d\u011bny na trh pod nespr\u00e1vn\u00fdmi pojmy \u201eantropogenn\u00ed zm\u011bna klimatu\u201c a \u201ez\u00e1chrana planety\u201c.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00edme, \u017ee zni\u010den\u00ed na\u0161ich z\u00e1sob potravin a s t\u00edm i p\u0159\u00edstup ke zdrav\u00e9 a vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 strav\u011b m\u016f\u017ee pro lidstvo znamenat jen katastrofu.\u00a0Jak je to ale s hmyz\u00ed stravou?\u00a0Je hmyz zdravou volbou?<\/span><\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00edm p\u0159\u00ednosem pro konzumaci hmyzu je jeho vysok\u00fd obsah b\u00edlkovin.\u00a0Hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem je v\u0161ak bezpe\u010dnost potravin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dr\u00a0Sherri Tenpenny, osteopatick\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159ka v Clevelandu ve st\u00e1t\u011b Ohio, provedla rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd v\u00fdzkum historie, pou\u017eit\u00ed, v\u00fdhod a nev\u00fdhod hmyzu jako zdroje potravy.\u00a0Sv\u00e9 poznatky zdokumentovala ve dvou \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch Substacku,\u00a0<\/span>ZDE<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>ZDE<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

„V\u011bt\u0161ina druh\u016f hmyzu NEN\u00cd jedl\u00e1,“ napsal Dr.\u00a0Tenpenny.\u00a0\u201eZ 2100 hmyzu, kter\u00fd je jedl\u00fd, jsou nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cvr\u010dci, v\u010dela medonosn\u00e1 a mou\u010dn\u00ed \u010dervi.\u00a0Na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b se b\u011b\u017en\u011b konzumuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 brouci, housenky, vosy a mravenci.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br zjistil, \u017ee dohled nad zpracovatelsk\u00fdmi p\u0159edpisy v tomto vznikaj\u00edc\u00edm odv\u011btv\u00ed je nedostate\u010dn\u00fd.\u00a0Objevily se zna\u010dn\u00e9 obavy ohledn\u011b zdrav\u00ed hmyzu chovan\u00e9ho na farm\u00e1ch a potenci\u00e1ln\u00edho rizika k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e9 kontaminace z jejich potravin na lidi.\u00a0Tyto obavy se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fdch rizik v souvislosti s konzumac\u00ed hmyzu nebo v\u00fdrobk\u016f z n\u011bj vyroben\u00fdch.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed text zd\u016fraz\u0148uje t\u0159i kategorie rizik, kter\u00e9 Dr.\u00a0Tenpenny na\u0161la j\u00edst hmyz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed varov\u00e1n\u00ed od Dr.\u00a0Tenpenny je, \u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt alergi\u010dt\u00ed na hmyz.\u00a0Studie uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee lid\u00e9 alergi\u010dt\u00ed na m\u011bkk\u00fd\u0161e jsou tak\u00e9 alergi\u010dt\u00ed na \u017elut\u00e9 mou\u010dn\u00e9 \u010dervy.\u00a0Alergie na m\u011bkk\u00fd\u0161e je zp\u016fsobena chitinem.\u00a0Chitin se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v exoskeletech hmyzu, v bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch st\u011bn\u00e1ch hub a v ur\u010dit\u00fdch tvrd\u00fdch struktur\u00e1ch bezobratl\u00fdch a ryb.\u00a0Je to pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b druh\u00fd nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed polysacharid (sacharid) v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b.\u00a0Je t\u011b\u017eko straviteln\u00e1 a spolu s mou\u010dkou z brouk\u016f spad\u00e1 do kategorie \u201enerozpustn\u00e1 vl\u00e1knina\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, \u017ee lid\u00e9 s alergi\u00ed na krevety mohou b\u00fdt ohro\u017eeni potravinov\u00fdmi reakcemi nejen na r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy mou\u010dn\u00fdch \u010derv\u016f, ale s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed tak\u00e9 na jin\u00fd hmyz a hmyz\u00ed produkty.\u00a0Nav\u00edc lid\u00e9 se zn\u00e1mou alergi\u00ed na rozto\u010de (vdechov\u00e1n\u00edm) mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 alergi\u010dt\u00ed na jedl\u00fd hmyz, jako je \u017elut\u00fd mou\u010dn\u00fd \u010derv, \u010derv mopane, cvr\u010dek dom\u00e1c\u00ed a kobylka pou\u0161tn\u00ed.\u00a0Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed hmyz, o kter\u00e9m je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee zp\u016fsobuje alergick\u00e9 reakce, pat\u0159\u00ed bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho, kobylky a listonohy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Druh\u00fdm identifikovan\u00fdm rizikem je, \u017ee hmyz m\u016f\u017ee fungovat jako p\u0159ena\u0161e\u010d mikroorganism\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou p\u0159\u00edmo nebo nep\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159edstavovat hrozbu pro lidi a zv\u00ed\u0159ata.\u00a0Hmyz m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159echov\u00e1vat patogeny na sv\u00e9m povrchu, ve st\u0159evech a jako sou\u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho reproduk\u010dn\u00edho cyklu.\u00a0\u00dapln\u00fd rozsah mikrobioty jedl\u00e9ho hmyzu nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m a nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mo, zda tyto vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed patogeny mohou b\u00fdt \u0161kodliv\u00e9 p\u0159i konzumaci.\u00a0Nen\u00ed tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1mo, zda je lze p\u0159ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm zcela odstranit.\u00a0Ani va\u0159en\u00ed je nemus\u00ed zab\u00edt.\u00a0Nap\u0159\u00edklad bakterie tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00ed spory v gastrointestin\u00e1ln\u00edm traktu jedl\u00e9ho hmyzu mohou p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt va\u0159en\u00ed, su\u0161en\u00ed a sma\u017een\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0159et\u00edm hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem p\u0159i konzumaci hmyzu nebo hmyz\u00edch produkt\u016f je riziko biologick\u00fdch a chemick\u00fdch kontaminant\u016f obsa\u017een\u00fdch v gastrointestin\u00e1ln\u00edm traktu hmyzu.\u00a0Na rozd\u00edl od konzumace hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at je hmyz konzumov\u00e1n v cel\u00e9m rozsahu lidmi a v krmivu pro zv\u00ed\u0159ata.\u00a0Proto zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm je hmyz komer\u010dn\u011b chov\u00e1n, krmen, ust\u00e1jen a zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1n, m\u016f\u017ee ur\u010dovat riziko v potravinov\u00e9m \u0159et\u011bzci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hmyz chovan\u00fd na zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9m odpadu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vystaven mykotoxin\u016fm, pesticid\u016fm a dal\u0161\u00edm chemick\u00fdm zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m, jako jsou toxick\u00e9 kovy a dioxiny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Organofosf\u00e1ty a chlorovan\u00e9 pesticidy \u2013 benzenhexachlorid, lindan a aldrin \u2013 byly zji\u0161t\u011bny v jedl\u00fdch kobylk\u00e1ch nalezen\u00fdch v Kuvajtu.\u00a0Nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mo, zda se tyto zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky hromad\u00ed v hmyzu a jsou pak p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161eny do potravin nebo krmiv.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vysok\u00fd obsah olova byl nalezen v su\u0161en\u00fdch kobylk\u00e1ch z mexick\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu Oaxaca.\u00a0P\u0159i propuknut\u00ed otravy olovem mezi migranty v Kalifornii v roce 2007 byl hmyz identifikov\u00e1n jako zdroj zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 hladiny olova v krvi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed chemick\u00e9 slou\u010deniny, kter\u00e9 se vyskytuj\u00ed v nebo na jedl\u00fdch brouc\u00edch, pat\u0159\u00ed n\u011bkolik typ\u016f zpomalova\u010d\u016f ho\u0159en\u00ed, dioxiny, ropn\u00e9 uhlovod\u00edky, prysky\u0159ice, zm\u011bk\u010dovadla, PVC a hlin\u00edk.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed hmyzu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9.\u00a0P\u0159i zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nebo va\u0159en\u00ed mohou chemicko-tepeln\u00e9 reakce s toxiny na k\u016f\u017ei nebo ve st\u0159evech v\u00e9st k uvoln\u011bn\u00ed toxick\u00fdch slou\u010denin, kter\u00e9 se hromad\u00ed v proteinov\u00e9m j\u00eddle.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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ZDROJ<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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V posledn\u00edch letech se ni\u010den\u00ed na\u0161ich potravinov\u00fdch z\u00e1sob zrychlilo.\u00a0Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se mno\u017e\u00ed pokusy p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit n\u00e1s, abychom…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21267,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[2499,358,21],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28484"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28484"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28484\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21267"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28484"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28484"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}