{"id":28116,"date":"2023-05-16T00:59:26","date_gmt":"2023-05-15T22:59:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=28116"},"modified":"2023-05-15T16:27:53","modified_gmt":"2023-05-15T14:27:53","slug":"kdo-se-podili-na-ekonomickem-natlaku-podivejte-se-co-dela-amerika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/05\/16\/kdo-se-podili-na-ekonomickem-natlaku-podivejte-se-co-dela-amerika\/","title":{"rendered":"Kdo se pod\u00edl\u00ed na \u201eekonomick\u00e9m n\u00e1tlaku\u201c? Pod\u00edvejte se, co d\u011bl\u00e1 Amerika"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Americk\u00e1 ministryn\u011b financ\u00ed Janet Yellenov\u00e1 ned\u00e1vno p\u0159i \u00fa\u010dasti na sch\u016fzce ministr\u016f financ\u00ed G7 a guvern\u00e9r\u016f centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank vyzvala ke \u201ekoordinovan\u00e9 akci\u201c proti takzvan\u00e9mu \u201eekonomick\u00e9mu n\u00e1tlaku\u201c \u010c\u00edny. Toto je \u0159e\u010d zlod\u011bje, kter\u00fd k\u0159i\u010d\u00ed \u201eChy\u0165te zlod\u011bje!\u201c Fakta jsou nejlep\u0161\u00edm d\u016fkazem toho, kdo je veter\u00e1nem ekonomick\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlaku a kdo je ob\u011bt\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e u\u017e mluv\u00edme o \u201en\u00e1tlaku\u201c v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztaz\u00edch, samotn\u00fd tento koncept byl vynalezen a praktikov\u00e1n Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty. V roce 1971 Alexander George, profesor Stanfordsk\u00e9 univerzity ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, poprv\u00e9 navrhl koncept \u201edonucovac\u00ed diplomacie\u201c, kter\u00fd byl shrnut v politice Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v\u016f\u010di Laosu, Kub\u011b a Vietnamu. J\u00e1drem tohoto konceptu je, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed silov\u00e9 hrozby, politickou izolaci, ekonomick\u00e9 sankce, technologick\u00e9 blok\u00e1dy a dal\u0161\u00ed, aby p\u0159inutily ostatn\u00ed zem\u011b prov\u00e9st zm\u011bny v souladu s po\u017eadavky Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, aby si Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty udr\u017eely hegemonii v co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e.<\/p>\n

Je vid\u011bt, \u017ee \u201eekonomick\u00fd n\u00e1tlak\u201c, jako ned\u00edln\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st americk\u00e9 \u201en\u00e1tlakov\u00e9 diplomacie\u201c, je patentem Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.\u00a0\u010c\u00edna v\u017edy prosazovala budov\u00e1n\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 ekonomiky a nikdy se nezapojila do \u201eekonomick\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlaku\u201c a rozhodn\u011b se proti n\u011bmu stav\u00ed.\u00a0USA cht\u011bj\u00ed d\u00e1t toto ozna\u010den\u00ed \u010c\u00edn\u011b, co\u017e je naprost\u00e9 p\u0159evracen\u00ed skute\u010dnosti.\u00a0Jejich c\u00edl nen\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 uhodnout. Jak upozornili analytici, USA cht\u011bj\u00ed z\u00edskat z ni\u010deho v\u00fdhodu v \u010d\u00ednsko-americk\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9, obchodn\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci a jedn\u00e1n\u00edch.\u00a0Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty cht\u011bj\u00ed neopodstatn\u011bn\u00fdm obvin\u011bn\u00edm donutit \u010c\u00ednu k \u00fastupk\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sv\u011bt si v\u0161iml, \u017ee americk\u00e1 m\u00e9dia v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b uvol\u0148uj\u00ed f\u00e1my, \u017ee USA letos p\u0159ed summitem G7 a po n\u011bm ozn\u00e1m\u00ed \u201ebezprecedentn\u00ed\u201c investi\u010dn\u00ed omezen\u00ed v\u016f\u010di \u010c\u00edn\u011b, kter\u00e1 se budou t\u00fdkat high-tech obor\u016f, jako jsou polovodi\u010de, um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence, kvantov\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed. Pokud jsou tyto zpr\u00e1vy pravdiv\u00e9, bude to dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad toho, jak se Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty anga\u017euj\u00ed v ekonomick\u00e9m n\u00e1tlaku v\u016f\u010di \u010c\u00edn\u011b a potla\u010duj\u00ed rozvoj \u010c\u00edny.<\/p>\n

Ve skute\u010dnosti je technologick\u00e1 blok\u00e1da b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm prost\u0159edkem pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty k ekonomick\u00e9mu n\u00e1tlaku.\u00a0V srpnu 2022 vstoupil v platnost americk\u00fd \u201eZ\u00e1kon o \u010dipech a v\u011bd\u011b\u201c a n\u011bkter\u00e1 ustanoven\u00ed omezuj\u00ed spole\u010dnosti v prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch, obchodn\u00edch a investi\u010dn\u00edch aktivit v \u010c\u00edn\u011b.\u00a0Lid\u00e9 z polovodi\u010dov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech si st\u011b\u017eovali na arogantn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 zobec\u0148uj\u00ed koncept n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a ni\u010d\u00ed ekologii glob\u00e1ln\u00edho polovodi\u010dov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu.\u00a0\u201eVl\u00e1da USA by m\u011bla m\u00edt jasnou definici toho, co je n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost, a m\u011bla by b\u00fdt transparentn\u00ed a p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e1.\u201c Pokud jde o \u010c\u00ednu, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fd trh pro prodej polovodi\u010d\u016f, John Neuffer, prezident a gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel Asociace americk\u00e9ho polovodi\u010dov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, \u0159ekl, \u017ee americk\u00e9 polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nemohou chyb\u011bt. Toto je skute\u010dn\u00fd hlas tohoto odv\u011btv\u00ed a vl\u00e1da USA by k n\u011bmu nem\u011bla b\u00fdt hluch\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Jednostrann\u00e9 sankce jsou nav\u00edc tak\u00e9 prost\u0159edkem ekonomick\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlaku, kter\u00fd USA zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.\u00a0Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty si vymyslely r\u016fzn\u00e9 z\u00e1minky k potla\u010den\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch high-tech spole\u010dnost\u00ed s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konkurenceschopnost\u00ed a na sank\u010dn\u00ed seznam za\u0159adily v\u00edce ne\u017e tis\u00edc \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed.\u00a0Z glob\u00e1ln\u00edho hlediska Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty dosud uvalily jednostrann\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 sankce na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 40 zem\u00ed sv\u011bta, co\u017e se t\u00fdk\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 poloviny sv\u011btov\u00e9 populace. A\u017e do fisk\u00e1ln\u00edho roku 2021 Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty p\u0159ijaly v\u00edce ne\u017e 9.400 sank\u010dn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vstoupila v platnost a zp\u016fsobila obrovsk\u00e9 humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed katastrofy.\u00a0Podle anal\u00fdzy a odhad\u016f Brookingsova institutu Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f b\u011bhem nejhor\u0161\u00edho obdob\u00ed epidemie COVID-19 v \u00cdr\u00e1nu mohl dopad americk\u00fdch sankc\u00ed zp\u016fsobit a\u017e 13 tis\u00edc \u00famrt\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pro Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty neexistuj\u00ed v\u011b\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9, pouze v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty ne\u0161et\u0159\u00ed ani sv\u00e9 spojence a prov\u00e1d\u00ed ekonomick\u00fd n\u00e1tlak i proti nim. Historicky spole\u010dnosti americk\u00fdch spojenc\u016f, jako je japonsk\u00e1 Toshiba, n\u011bmeck\u00fd Siemens a francouzsk\u00fd Alstom, v\u0161echny zpochyb\u0148ovaly z\u00e1jmy Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a byly Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty bez v\u00fdjimky potla\u010dov\u00e1ny. Zejm\u00e9na od 80. let 20. stolet\u00ed Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty mnohokr\u00e1t uvalily ekonomick\u00e9 sankce na Japonsko a v\u0161emi prost\u0159edky potla\u010dovaly v\u00fdhodn\u00e1 japonsk\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed, jako jsou polovodi\u010de, a dokonce podporovaly velk\u00e9 struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed operace v japonsk\u00e9 ekonomice. To se d\u00e1 na u\u010debnicov\u00e9 \u00farovni nazvat ekonomick\u00fdm n\u00e1tlakem. Japonsko jako hostitelsk\u00e1 zem\u011b leto\u0161n\u00edho summitu G7 nebude m\u00edt selektivn\u00ed amn\u00e9zii, nebo ano?<\/p>\n

Pod\u00edvejte se na sou\u010dasn\u00fd \u201eZ\u00e1kon o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed inflace\u201c, kter\u00fd zavedly Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed analytici pouk\u00e1zali na to, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty podporuj\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 produkty \u010dist\u00e9 energie poskytov\u00e1n\u00edm nespravedliv\u00fdch dotac\u00ed a da\u0148ov\u00fdch \u00falev.\u00a0Francouzsk\u00fd prezident Emmanuel Macron kritizoval, \u017ee tento n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona je \u201eextr\u00e9mn\u011b ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00fd\u201c v\u016f\u010di evropsk\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem a \u0159e\u0161\u00ed americk\u00e9 probl\u00e9my zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd po\u0161kozuje evropsk\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy.\u00a0Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u201eZ\u00e1kon o sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed inflace\u201c, aby p\u0159inutily evropsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti p\u0159esunout sv\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed linky do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Pokud to nen\u00ed ekonomick\u00fd n\u00e1tlak, co je to?<\/p>\n

Brzy se bude konat summit G7. Mnoho \u010dlen\u016f tohoto \u201emal\u00e9ho kruhu\u201c je ob\u011bt\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9ho n\u00e1tlaku ze strany Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Pokud Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty trvaj\u00ed na za\u0159azen\u00ed \u201ereakce na ekonomick\u00fd n\u00e1tlak\u201c na program summitu, doporu\u010dujeme \u010dlensk\u00fdm zem\u00edm, aby se nejprve zamyslely nad sv\u00fdmi vlastn\u00edmi zku\u0161enostmi a odsoudily to, co Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty ud\u011blaly, a ne je slep\u011b n\u00e1sledovaly a nestaly se tak spoluvin\u00edky.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Americk\u00e1 ministryn\u011b financ\u00ed Janet Yellenov\u00e1 ned\u00e1vno p\u0159i \u00fa\u010dasti na sch\u016fzce ministr\u016f financ\u00ed G7 a guvern\u00e9r\u016f…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,59,323,683,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28116"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28116"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28116\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}