{"id":2738,"date":"2021-06-23T07:35:19","date_gmt":"2021-06-23T05:35:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=2738"},"modified":"2021-06-23T07:35:19","modified_gmt":"2021-06-23T05:35:19","slug":"studie-na-sebevrazdu-zemrelo-ctyrikrat-vice-americkych-vojaku-a-veteranu-nez-ve-valce-proti-terorismu-od-11-zari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2021\/06\/23\/studie-na-sebevrazdu-zemrelo-ctyrikrat-vice-americkych-vojaku-a-veteranu-nez-ve-valce-proti-terorismu-od-11-zari\/","title":{"rendered":"Studie: Na sebevra\u017edu zem\u0159elo \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edce americk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f a veter\u00e1n\u016f ne\u017e ve v\u00e1lce proti terorismu od 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, kter\u00e9 USA za\u010daly po 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, vedly k prudk\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu vojensk\u00fdch sebevra\u017ed, tvrd\u00ed nov\u00e1 studie s traumatizovan\u00fdmi voj\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed se zab\u00edjej\u00ed, proto\u017ee jsou opakovan\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ni v konfliktech, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed ve\u0159ejnou podporu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Nov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va z projektu Brown’s University of War Project vrh\u00e1 nov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo na to, co mnoz\u00ed naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed americkou arm\u00e1dou sebevra\u017eednou epidemi\u00ed.\u00a0Na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u00fadaj\u016f z DoD, VA a sekund\u00e1rn\u00edch zdroj\u016f studie zjistila, \u017ee sebevra\u017edou bylo zabito nejm\u00e9n\u011b \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edce voj\u00e1k\u016f ne\u017e ve v\u00e1lk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 za\u010daly od teroristick\u00e9ho \u00fatoku z 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2001.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od doby, kdy prezident George W. Bush zah\u00e1jil svou glob\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00e1lku proti teroru v roce 2001, bylo ve vojensk\u00fdch operac\u00edch zabito 7057 voj\u00e1k\u016f.\u00a0Odhaduje se, \u017ee ve stejn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed zem\u0159elo na sebevra\u017edu 5 116 aktivn\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eby. V letech 2011 a\u017e 2020 sp\u00e1chalo sebevra\u017edu tak\u00e9 1193 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f N\u00e1rodn\u00ed gardy a 1607 \u010dlen\u016f z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed slo\u017eky.\u00a0Po\u010det sebevra\u017eedn\u00fdch \u00famrt\u00ed mezi veter\u00e1ny z t\u011bchto v\u00e1lek byl konzervativn\u011b odhadov\u00e1n na 22 261.\u00a0Celkov\u00fd po\u010det je 30 177, co\u017e je v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dty\u0159n\u00e1sobek po\u010dtu v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch mrtv\u00fdch.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Odhadovan\u00fd po\u010det sebevra\u017ed je minim\u00e1ln\u00ed, zd\u016fraznila zpr\u00e1va, jeliko\u017e p\u0159ed rokem 2011 nebyly k dispozici \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 statistick\u00e9 \u00fadaje o \u00famrt\u00edch Reserve a National Guard.\u00a0Statistika nav\u00edc nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b zahrnovat ka\u017edou sebevra\u017edu, proto\u017ee v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ji p\u0159ipsat do statistiky. \u00damrt\u00ed z p\u0159ed\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed, selh\u00e1n\u00ed zbran\u00ed nebo nehody vozidla nelze jednozna\u010dn\u011b spojit se sebevra\u017eedn\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie zjistila, \u017ee m\u00edra registrovan\u00e9 sebevra\u017edy u aktivn\u00edch voj\u00e1k\u016f i veter\u00e1n\u016f st\u00e1le prudce vzrostla, co\u017e p\u0159ekonalo obecnou populaci, kter\u00e1 tak\u00e9 roste ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech.<\/span><\/p>\n

To je v rozporu s historick\u00fdmi trendy.\u00a0Aktivn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci maj\u00ed obvykle ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed m\u00edru sebevra\u017ed ne\u017e b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost, a to je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce pokleslo v ka\u017ed\u00e9m konfliktu USA mimo Vietnam b\u011bhem v\u00e1lky.\u00a0V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b po\u010det \u00famrt\u00ed na vojensk\u00e9 sebevra\u017edy st\u00e1le roste, a to i pot\u00e9, co po\u010det ob\u011bt\u00ed po letech prudce poklesl.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studie \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee neexistuje jedin\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina n\u00e1r\u016fstu a nasti\u0148uje \u0159adu faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 podle v\u0161eho zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed voj\u00e1k\u016fm probl\u00e9my v \u017eivot\u011b. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, kter\u00fdm \u010del\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci ozbrojen\u00e9ho konfliktu: fyzick\u00e9 a mor\u00e1ln\u00ed trauma, stres a syndrom vyho\u0159en\u00ed, vojensk\u00e1 kultura, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje, aby voj\u00e1ci byli tvrd\u00ed a skryli \u00fadajn\u00e9 slabosti, a pot\u00ed\u017ee s p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00edm se civiln\u00edmu \u017eivotu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed faktory jsou specifick\u00e9 pro typ v\u00e1lek, kter\u00e9 USA vedly v posledn\u00edch dvou desetilet\u00edch.\u00a0Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed improvizovan\u00fdch v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed proti americk\u00fdm jednotk\u00e1m vedlo ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed traumatick\u00fdch poran\u011bn\u00ed mozku a mnoho\u010detn\u00fdch traumat.\u00a0Pokroky v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011b a naprost\u00e1 d\u00e9lka v\u00e1lky z\u00e1rove\u0148 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed voj\u00e1k\u016fm \u017e\u00edt a bojovat o dal\u0161\u00ed den, i kdy\u017e se pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed s chronickou bolest\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edmi probl\u00e9my z p\u0159edchoz\u00edch zran\u011bn\u00ed.\u00a0Asi t\u0159etina zran\u011bn\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f odch\u00e1z\u00ed po alespo\u0148 jednom dal\u0161\u00edm nasazen\u00ed pot\u00e9, co se vzpamatuj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Existuje tak\u00e9 sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed trauma, kter\u00e9 \u010dlenov\u00e9 slu\u017eby za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, i kdy\u017e slou\u017e\u00ed na jak\u00e9mkoli boji\u0161ti.\u00a0Podle studie postihuj\u00ed traumatick\u00e9 z\u00e1\u017eitky nebo hrozba sexu\u00e1ln\u00edho napaden\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 23% \u017een v arm\u00e1d\u011b.\u00a0Toto \u010d\u00edslo je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b podhodnoceno, proto\u017ee zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bchto incident\u016f nen\u00ed hl\u00e1\u0161ena, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b kv\u016fli riziku odvetn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed a tendenci arm\u00e1dy jej minimalizovat.\u00a0Sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 odhadem 55% \u017een a 38% mu\u017e\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm faktorem je, \u017ee americk\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost je v\u016f\u010di v\u00e1lk\u00e1m po 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti lhostejn\u00e1 a voj\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed tyto v\u00e1lky vedou, si toho jsou v\u011bdomi a tento p\u0159\u00edstup \u010dasto sd\u00edlej\u00ed.\u00a0Podle pr\u016fzkumu z roku 2018 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 60% veter\u00e1n\u016f v\u011b\u0159ilo, \u017ee USA nemaj\u00ed v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu jasn\u00e9 strategick\u00e9 c\u00edle.\u00a0Je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce v\u011b\u0159ilo, \u017ee v\u00e1lka nebyla \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1.\u00a0Dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fzkum ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed z roku 2018 uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 42% americk\u00fdch voli\u010d\u016f bu\u010f nev\u011bd\u011blo o konfliktech na St\u0159edn\u00edm v\u00fdchod\u011b, nebo bylo p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deno, \u017ee v\u00e1lka proti terorismu skon\u010dila.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eKdy\u017e se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme 20. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u00fatok\u016f z 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, mus\u00edme p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o n\u00e1kladech na du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed v celosv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce proti terorismu,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed se ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b.\u00a0\u201eLidsk\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na na\u0161e veter\u00e1ny a \u010dleny vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eby daleko p\u0159evy\u0161uj\u00ed dokonce i ochromuj\u00edc\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, kter\u00e9 jsme vynalo\u017eili na to, abychom je poslali do v\u00e1lky.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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V\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, kter\u00e9 USA za\u010daly po 11. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, vedly k prudk\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu vojensk\u00fdch sebevra\u017ed, tvrd\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2739,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[80,695,474,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2738"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2738"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2738\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2739"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2738"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2738"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2738"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}