{"id":27283,"date":"2023-05-03T00:59:09","date_gmt":"2023-05-02T22:59:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=27283"},"modified":"2023-05-02T15:55:04","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T13:55:04","slug":"proc-je-afrika-ustrednim-bodem-globalni-mise-brics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/05\/03\/proc-je-afrika-ustrednim-bodem-globalni-mise-brics\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d je Afrika \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem glob\u00e1ln\u00ed mise BRICS?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V roce 2023 Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika p\u0159edsed\u00e1 skupin\u011b BRICS a prohl\u00e1sila, \u017ee m\u00e1 v \u00famyslu pracovat na u\u017e\u0161\u00edm partnerstv\u00ed BRICS-Afrika.\u00a0Jako \u010dlen aliance BRICS pat\u0159\u00ed Ji\u017en\u00ed Afrika mezi nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zast\u00e1nce propagace BRICS jako otev\u0159en\u00e9 platformy, kter\u00e1 zahrnuje Afriku a zbytek rozvojov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm form\u00e1tu BRICS+.\u00a0Dnes si nelze p\u0159edstavit uskupen\u00ed BRICS na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u011b, ani\u017e by Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika a Afrika byly jednou z jeho nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch region\u00e1ln\u00edch agend.\u00a0Afrika je ve skute\u010dnosti mnohem v\u00edce ne\u017e jen region\u00e1ln\u00edm partnerem v rozvojov\u00e9 strategii BRICS \u2013 Afrika m\u00e1 kl\u00ed\u010d k tomu, aby BRICS napl\u0148ovalo sv\u00e9 skute\u010dn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed posl\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zkou z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, co je skute\u010dn\u00fdm posl\u00e1n\u00edm BRICS dnes \u2013 jde o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed \u201eklubu t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 v\u00e1hy\u201c nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e \u0161irok\u00e9 platformy, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat nejen giganty rozvojov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, ale i ty st\u0159edn\u011b velk\u00e9 a mal\u00e9 ekonomiky? glob\u00e1ln\u00edho jihu?\u00a0Jin\u00fdmi slovy, m\u011bl by se BRICS vyv\u00edjet sm\u011brem k exkluzivn\u00edmu a introvertn\u00edmu klubu nebo otev\u0159en\u00e9 inkluzivn\u00ed platform\u011b nab\u00edzej\u00edc\u00ed \u0159adu zp\u016fsob\u016f ekonomick\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce?\u00a0Mnoho odborn\u00edk\u016f nahl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed na budouc\u00ed v\u00fdvoj BRICS prizmatem velikosti \u2013 odtud diskuse o dal\u0161\u00ed expanzi v bloku, kter\u00fd zahrnuje nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozvojov\u00e9 zem\u011b G20.\u00a0P\u0159ijet\u00ed Ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky za \u010dlena BRICS v\u0161ak znamen\u00e1 posun od tohoto up\u0159ednost\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed hmotnosti a velikosti (existuje \u0159ada rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch ne\u017e Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika z hlediska HDP) sm\u011brem k za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed a zastoupen\u00ed v\u0161ech hlavn\u00edch region\u016f glob\u00e1ln\u00edho jihu.\u00a0Samotn\u00e1 integrace Ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky do BRICS umo\u017e\u0148uje transformovat tuto platformu z elitn\u00edho klubu t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch vah na blok, kter\u00fd up\u0159ednost\u0148uje rozmanitost a dosah na \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed komunitu v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento trend k v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed a integraci africk\u00e9 ekonomiky do platformy odli\u0161uje BRICS od G7 \u2013 sdru\u017een\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch rozvinut\u00fdch ekonomik.\u00a0Zat\u00edmco G7 tak\u00e9 zah\u00e1jila informa\u010dn\u00ed form\u00e1ty zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed rozvojov\u00e9 zem\u011b, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v podstat\u011b elitn\u00edm klubem, jeho\u017e j\u00e1dro je omezeno pouze na vysp\u011bl\u00e9 ekonomiky s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm HDP, bez jasn\u00e9 vyhl\u00eddky na zahrnut\u00ed rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00ed do j\u00e1dra.\u00a0V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b BRICS bylo nejen j\u00e1dro ji\u017e roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159eno o Jihoafrickou republiku, ale tak\u00e9 se aktivn\u011b diskutuje o mo\u017enosti, \u017ee j\u00e1dro BRICS za\u010dlen\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed africk\u00e9 ekonomiky.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 nen\u00ed n\u00e1hoda, \u017ee form\u00e1t outreach dostal z\u00e1sadn\u00ed impuls b\u011bhem jihoafrick\u00e9ho p\u0159edsednictv\u00ed BRICS \u2013 nejprve b\u011bhem informa\u010dn\u00edch setk\u00e1n\u00ed na summitu BRICS v roce 2013 v Durbanu a pot\u00e9 na summitu v roce 2018, kdy Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b hostila summit BRICS, byla setk\u00e1n\u00ed BRICS+, kter\u00e1 poprv\u00e9 ohl\u00e1sila \u00fa\u010dast zem\u00ed zastupuj\u00edc\u00edch region\u00e1ln\u00ed bloky a uskupen\u00ed z rozvojov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.\u00a0V tomto ohledu bych si dovolil navrhnout, \u017ee ze v\u0161ech ekonomik BRICS je Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika mo\u017en\u00e1 jednou ze zem\u00ed s nejm\u00e9n\u011b re\u00e1lnou politikou (v \u00fazk\u00e9m souladu s n\u00e1rodn\u00edmi z\u00e1jmy) a nejv\u00edce odhodl\u00e1na podporovat africkou \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed agendu \u201eza hranicemi\u201c region\u00e1ln\u00ed politiky. rozvoj,<\/span><\/p>\n

To v\u0161e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee Ji\u017en\u00ed Afrika a Afrika v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku jsou pro BRICS kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi branami k roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jejich dosahu do zbytku rozvojov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.\u00a0Vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed platformy pro region\u00e1ln\u00ed dohody sdru\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed bloky rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt inovac\u00ed a trval\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkem nejen k samotn\u00e9mu rozvoji BRICS, ale tak\u00e9 k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9, region\u00e1ln\u00ed vrstvy glob\u00e1ln\u00edho vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed.\u00a0Afrika je v siln\u00e9 pozici, aby vedla takov\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed, proto\u017ee ji\u017e vede glob\u00e1ln\u00ed Jih p\u0159i budov\u00e1n\u00ed pankontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00f3ny voln\u00e9ho obchodu \u2013 Africk\u00e9 kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00f3ny voln\u00e9ho obchodu (AfCFTA) \u2013 zat\u00edmco Africk\u00e1 unie je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b jednou z nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch. a efektivn\u00ed celokontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed\/region\u00e1ln\u00ed bloky,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed platformy pro region\u00e1ln\u00ed dohody by mohlo o\u017eivit rozvoj zem\u00ed BRICS n\u011bkolika zp\u016fsoby.\u00a0Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed platformy pro region\u00e1ln\u00ed organizace, jejich\u017e \u010dleny jsou zem\u011b BRICS \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b AU, ASEAN, SCO a CELAC \u2013 by mohlo roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it dosah BRICS+ na drtivou v\u011bt\u0161inu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu.\u00a0Region\u00e1ln\u00ed platforma sdru\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed o financov\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u00ed BRICS+ (v\u010detn\u011b EFSD, FLAR a BRICS CRA) by se mohla st\u00e1t z\u00e1kladem pro \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed o rezerv\u011b pro nep\u0159edv\u00eddan\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti (CRA) BRICS \u2013 a\u017e dosud, jak poznamenal Marco Fernandes, \u201eneexistence Siln\u00e9 v\u016fd\u010d\u00ed postaven\u00ed od sv\u00e9ho zalo\u017een\u00ed v roce 2015 a nedostatek solidn\u00ed strategie ze strany p\u011bti \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed zabr\u00e1nily CRA v rozjezdu\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>1<\/span><\/sup>\u201c.\u00a0A co je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, platforma pro region\u00e1ln\u00ed obchodn\u00ed dohody \u2013 jako je AfCFTA, stejn\u011b jako MERCOSUR a Euroasijsk\u00e1 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 unie \u2013 by mohla slou\u017eit jako z\u00e1klad pro pos\u00edlen\u00ed obchodn\u00ed integrace v r\u00e1mci form\u00e1tu BRICS+.\u00a0Stejn\u011b jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b BRICS CRA obchodn\u00ed integrace zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 v agend\u011b BRICS, ale s v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm pokrokem, kter\u00e9ho dos\u00e1hli \u010dlenov\u00e9 BRICS v jejich p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch region\u00e1ln\u00edch obchodn\u00edch bloc\u00edch, je nyn\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 vydat se cestou \u201eintegrace integrac\u00ed\u201c, kterou sleduj\u00ed. .\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u0161echny v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky z Jihoafrick\u00e9 republiky mohou slou\u017eit nejen ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rozsahu a utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed solidarity v r\u00e1mci \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho okruhu BRICS plus \u2013 ekonomicky mohou poskytnout BRICS tolik pot\u0159ebnou podporu pro vz\u00e1jemn\u00fd obchod a siln\u00fd r\u016fstov\u00fd impuls od n\u011bkter\u00fdch z nejrychleji rostouc\u00edch oblast\u00ed sv\u011bta, jako je Afrika.\u00a0Jak poznamenal Jeffrey Sachs, zast\u00e1nce c\u00edl\u016f udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho rozvoje pro gener\u00e1ln\u00edho tajemn\u00edka OSN Antonia Guterrese: \u201eAfrika m\u016f\u017ee a bude i nad\u00e1le r\u016fst tempem 7 nebo v\u00edce procent ro\u010dn\u011b v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch desetilet\u00edch.\u00a0To, co uvid\u00edme… je skute\u010dn\u00e9 zrychlen\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho rozvoje Afriky, tak\u017ee Afrika bude rychle rostouc\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 ekonomiky.\u00a0<\/span>2<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

V r\u00e1mci BRICS je to jihoafrick\u00e9 \u201eS\u201c, kter\u00e9 j\u00ed dod\u00e1v\u00e1 pocit plurality.\u00a0BRICS pot\u0159ebuje Afriku, aby se blok vydal na cestu v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed otev\u0159enosti, inkluzivity a r\u016fstu.\u00a0Afrika m\u016f\u017ee hmatateln\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bt k budov\u00e1n\u00ed spravedliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho a spravedliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho glob\u00e1ln\u00edho vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm BRICS+.\u00a0Ostatn\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b toto je sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 \u201ewin-win\u201c, kter\u00fd by mohl poslou\u017eit nejen BRICS a Africe, ale tak\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu Jihu a cel\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ekonomice.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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ZDROJ<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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V roce 2023 Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika p\u0159edsed\u00e1 skupin\u011b BRICS a prohl\u00e1sila, \u017ee m\u00e1 v \u00famyslu pracovat…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24645,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1271,1161,59],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27283"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27283"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27283\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27283"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}