{"id":24604,"date":"2023-03-17T01:04:23","date_gmt":"2023-03-17T00:04:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=24604"},"modified":"2023-03-16T16:11:59","modified_gmt":"2023-03-16T15:11:59","slug":"halicska-genocida-jak-byla-vymazana-ruska-identita-na-uzemi-dnesni-zapadni-ukrajiny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/03\/17\/halicska-genocida-jak-byla-vymazana-ruska-identita-na-uzemi-dnesni-zapadni-ukrajiny\/","title":{"rendered":"Hali\u010dsk\u00e1 genocida: Jak byla vymaz\u00e1na rusk\u00e1 identita na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed Ukrajiny"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Ne\u017e se region stal centrem ukrajinsk\u00e9ho nacionalismu, byli m\u00edstn\u00ed rusofilov\u00e9 vyhlazeni v n\u011bkter\u00fdch z prvn\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"article__text text \">\n<p><span>Galicie, historick\u00fd region na z\u00e1pad\u011b Ukrajiny, je v sou\u010dasnosti centrem nacionalistick\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed v zemi.\u00a0V\u011bci v\u0161ak byly kdysi \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9.\u00a0P\u0159ed n\u011bco m\u00e1lo p\u0159es sto lety soupe\u0159ili z\u00e1stupci protich\u016fdn\u00fdch rusofilsk\u00fdch a proukrajinsk\u00fdch politick\u00fdch hnut\u00ed o loajalitu m\u00edstn\u00edho rus\u00ednsk\u00e9ho obyvatelstva, zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho tak\u00e9 jako Rus\u00edni.\u00a0Hali\u010d\u0161t\u00ed rusofilov\u00e9 uv\u00edtali za\u010d\u00e1tek prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky jako krok k o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9mu znovusjednocen\u00ed s Ruskem.\u00a0Ukrajinsk\u00e9 hnut\u00ed v\u0161ak z\u016fstalo loaj\u00e1ln\u00ed k Rakousko-Uhersku.\u00a0S jejich pomoc\u00ed V\u00edde\u0148 vyvra\u017edila rus\u00ednskou inteligenci, kterou pova\u017eovala za \u201ep\u00e1tou kolonu\u201c.\u00a0Aby toho dos\u00e1hli, Habsburkov\u00e9 z\u0159\u00eddili koncentra\u010dn\u00ed t\u00e1bory.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>To, co n\u00e1sledovalo, se rovnalo genocid\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span>Za\u010d\u00e1tek trag\u00e9die \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span>Na za\u010d\u00e1tku prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky za\u017e\u00edvalo rusofilsk\u00e9 hnut\u00ed v Hali\u010di t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u010dasy.\u00a0V d\u016fsledku politiky \u201erozd\u011bl a panuj\u201c prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 Raku\u0161any utrp\u011blo hnut\u00ed rozkol.\u00a0Nejstar\u0161\u00ed a nejrespektovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed organizace skon\u010dily v rukou prorakousk\u00fdch v\u016fdc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed obhajovali ukrajinskou, nikoli rus\u00ednskou identitu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pot\u00e9, co 18. srpna 1914 arm\u00e1da Rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e p\u0159ekro\u010dila hranici a zah\u00e1jila ofenzivu v Hali\u010di, se regionem prohnaly masov\u00e9 represe.\u00a0Lid\u00e9 se stali ob\u011bt\u00ed hn\u011bvu rakousk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f kv\u016fli mali\u010dkostem \u2013 jako vlastnit ruskou literaturu, b\u00fdt \u010dlenem rusk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, m\u00edt rusk\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed nebo jen sympatizovat s Petrohradem.\u00a0V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech byli lid\u00e9 zat\u010deni jen za to, \u017ee se naz\u00fdvali Rusy.\u00a0V\u011bznice byly pln\u00e9\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201enep\u0159\u00e1tel st\u00e1tu\u201c<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201enebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch moskevsk\u00fdch agent\u016f\u201c<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0a ulice byly lemov\u00e1ny \u0161ibenicemi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span>\u201eTi podez\u0159el\u00ed z \u201arusofilie\u2018 byli pov\u011b\u0161eni na tyto stromy p\u0159ed okny.\u00a0Lid\u00e9 byli pov\u011b\u0161eni p\u0159\u00edmo na stromech.\u00a0Z\u016fstali tam viset jeden den, pak by je sundali a na jejich m\u00edsto nastoupili jin\u00ed\u2026\u201c<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0vypr\u00e1v\u011bl jeden z roln\u00edk\u016f v Gorodeck\u00e9m okrese.\u00a0Represe postihly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm inteligenci a pravoslavn\u00e9 kn\u011bze, z nich\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina absolvovala duchovn\u00ed studia v Rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"article__cover\">\n<div class=\"media\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410aec7203027361c481410.jpg\" sizes=\"991px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410aec7203027361c481410.jpg\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"read-more__cover lazyautosizes lazyloaded aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410aec7203027361c481410.jpg\" sizes=\"991px\" alt=\"RT\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410aec7203027361c481410.jpg\" \/><\/picture>\n<div class=\"media__footer media__footer_bottom \">\n<div class=\"media__title media__title_footer\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>SOUBOR FOTOGRAFIE.\u00a0Rakousko-uher\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci p\u00f3zuj\u00ed na pozad\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed ob\u011b\u0161enc\u016f popraven\u00fdch 30. srpna 1914 v Muka\u010devu.\u00a0\u00a9 Wikipedie<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span>Po repres\u00edch proti inteligenci n\u00e1sledovaly represe proti \u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti.\u00a0Podez\u0159el\u00fdm se stal ka\u017ed\u00fd, o kom se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo, \u017ee sympatizuje s Ruskem nebo ruskou kulturou.\u00a0To zahrnovalo lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed kdysi nav\u0161t\u00edvili Rusko, \u010detli rusk\u00e9 noviny nebo byli zn\u00e1m\u00ed jako \u201erusofilov\u00e9\u201c.\u00a0Vojensk\u00e9 soudy pracovaly nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b a pro p\u0159\u00edpady podez\u0159en\u00ed z vlastizrady byl zaveden zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd postup soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u010clenov\u00e9 hali\u010dsk\u00e9ho rus\u00ednsk\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed zvolili \u201eukrajinskou cestu\u201c, se aktivn\u011b pod\u00edleli na repres\u00edch.\u00a0Prorakou\u0161t\u00ed politici sestavili seznamy \u201enespolehliv\u00fdch\u201c podez\u0159el\u00fdch na z\u00e1klad\u011b pouh\u00fdch obvin\u011bn\u00ed a zatkli ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kdo sympatizoval s Ruskem.\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/cyberleninka.ru\/article\/n\/rusiny-v-period-pervoy-mirovoy-voyny-i-russkoy-smuty\"><span>Jak popsal<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0rusofilsk\u00fd ve\u0159ejn\u00fd \u010dinitel Ilja Terekh\u00a0:\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201eNa za\u010d\u00e1tku v\u00e1lky rakousk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady zatkly t\u00e9m<strong>\u011b<\/strong>\u0159 celou ruskou inteligenci v Hali\u010di a tis\u00edce roln\u00edk\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b seznam\u016f, kter\u00e9 ukrajinofilov\u00e9 p\u0159edali spr\u00e1vn\u00edm a vojensk\u00fdm \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201eLid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se uznali za Rusy nebo prost\u011b m\u011bli rusk\u00e9 jm\u00e9no, byli zadr\u017eeni bez rozd\u00edlu.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><span>Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo vlastnil rusk\u00e9 noviny, knihu, posv\u00e1tn\u00fd obr\u00e1zek nebo dokonce pohlednici z Ruska, byl chycen, zneu\u017eit a odvezen.\u00a0A pak tu byly \u0161ibenice a popravy bez konce \u2013 tis\u00edce nevinn\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed, mo\u0159e mu\u010dednick\u00e9 krve a sirot\u010d\u00edch slz,\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/document.wikireading.ru\/64322\"><span>\u0159ekl<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed rusofil Julian Yavorsky.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"article__cover\">\n<div class=\"media\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410aee7203027365b3001a9.jpg\" sizes=\"991px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410aee7203027365b3001a9.jpg\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"read-more__cover lazyautosizes lazyloaded aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410aee7203027365b3001a9.jpg\" sizes=\"991px\" alt=\"RT\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410aee7203027365b3001a9.jpg\" \/><\/picture>\n<div class=\"media__footer media__footer_bottom \">\n<div class=\"media__title media__title_footer\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>SOUBOR FOTOGRAFIE.\u00a0Talerhof v roce 1917, m\u00edsto, kde byly vykon\u00e1v\u00e1ny t\u00e1borov\u00e9 popravy.\u00a0\u00a9 Wikipedie<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span>V \u0159\u00edjnu 1914 si rusk\u00fd spisovatel Michail Pri\u0161vin, kter\u00fd slou\u017eil jako l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd asistent na front\u011b,\u00a0do den\u00edku\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/elsu.ru\/prishvin.html\"><span>zapsal :\u00a0<\/span><\/a><em><span>\u201eKdy\u017e jsem se dostal do Hali\u010de&#8230; c\u00edtil jsem a vid\u011bl jsem \u017eiv\u00e9 obrazy dob inkvizice.\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/em><span>Pri\u0161vin popsal pocity hali\u010dsk\u00fdch Rus\u00edn\u016f k Rusku takto:\u00a0<\/span><em><span>\u201eGali\u010danci sn\u00ed o velk\u00e9m, \u010dist\u00e9m a kr\u00e1sn\u00e9m Rusku.\u00a0Sedmn\u00e1ctilet\u00fd \u0161kol\u00e1k se mnou chodil po Lvov\u011b [nyn\u00ed Lvov, pak Lemberg] a mluvil rusky bez p\u0159\u00edzvuku.\u00a0Vypr\u00e1v\u011bl mi o pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho jazyka.\u00a0Studenti nesm\u011bli m\u00edt ani mapu Ruska a p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou byl nucen p\u00e1lit knihy Pu\u0161kina, Lermontova, Tolst\u00e9ho a Dostojevsk\u00e9ho.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span>Peklo na zemi<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span>Hali\u010dsk\u00e9 v\u011bznice nebyly dost velk\u00e9, aby pojaly v\u0161echny utla\u010dovan\u00e9.\u00a0Jen ve Lvov\u011b byly 28. srpna 1914 dva tis\u00edce v\u011bz\u0148\u016f.\u00a0Tehdy se rakousk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady rozhodly z\u0159\u00eddit koncentra\u010dn\u00ed t\u00e1bory.\u00a0V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1914 bylo ve \u0160t\u00fdrsku z\u0159\u00edzeno obrovsk\u00e9 v\u011bze\u0148sk\u00e9 m\u00edsto Thalerhof.\u00a0Prvn\u00ed v\u011bzni byli vysvobozeni 4. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. Podle\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/galich.org\/?page_id=9\"><span>sv\u011bdectv\u00ed<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0jednoho z p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00edch, kn\u011bze Theodora Mereny, byli v\u011bzni \u201elid\u00e9 r\u016fzn\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy a v\u011bku\u201c.\u00a0Byli mezi nimi duchovn\u00ed, pr\u00e1vn\u00edci, l\u00e9ka\u0159i, u\u010ditel\u00e9, \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci, roln\u00edci, spisovatel\u00e9 a studenti.\u00a0V\u011bk v\u011bz\u0148\u016f se pohyboval od kojenc\u016f po 100 let.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ob\u010das byli do Thalerhofu n\u00e1hodn\u011b um\u00edst\u011bni ukrajin\u0161t\u00ed aktivist\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed byli loaj\u00e1ln\u00ed k rakousk\u00e9mu re\u017eimu.\u00a0V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich byla rychle odstran\u011bna.\u00a0Jeden si pozd\u011bji vzpomn\u011bl, \u017ee v\u0161ichni v\u011bzni m\u011bli \u0161anci uprchnout t\u00edm, \u017ee se vzdali sv\u00e9ho rusk\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na a zapsali se jako \u201eUkrajinci\u201c na \u201eukrajinsk\u00fd seznam\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A\u017e do zimy 1915 nebyly v Thalerhofu \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 kas\u00e1rny.\u00a0Lid\u00e9 spali na zemi pod \u0161ir\u00fdm nebem navzdory de\u0161ti a mrazu.\u00a0Hygienick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky v t\u00e1bo\u0159e byly hrozn\u00e9.\u00a0Latr\u00edny byly odkryty a najednou je vyu\u017e\u00edvalo dvacet lid\u00ed.\u00a0Kdy\u017e byly kas\u00e1rny postaveny, byly p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00e9, m\u00edsto zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fdch 200 bylo ubytov\u00e1no 500 lid\u00ed. V\u011bzni spali na slam\u011bn\u00fdch postel\u00edch, kter\u00e9 se jen z\u0159\u00eddka vym\u011b\u0148ovaly.\u00a0Epidemie byly p\u0159irozen\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9.\u00a0Za pouh\u00e9 dva m\u011bs\u00edce po listopadu 1914 zem\u0159elo na tyfus p\u0159es t\u0159i tis\u00edce v\u011bz\u0148\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201eV Thalerhofu smrt p\u0159ich\u00e1zela jen z\u0159\u00eddka p\u0159irozen\u011b \u2013 byla vst\u0159\u00edknuta prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jedu infek\u010dn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed.\u00a0N\u00e1siln\u00e1 smrt byla v Thalerhofu b\u011b\u017en\u00e1.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><span>O n\u011bjak\u00e9m o\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nemocn\u00fdch nemohla b\u00fdt \u0159e\u010d.\u00a0Dokonce i l\u00e9ka\u0159i byli v\u016f\u010di v\u011bz\u0148\u016fm nep\u0159\u00e1tel\u0161t\u00ed,\u201c\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/galich.org\/?page_id=9\"><span>napsal<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0v\u011bzn\u011bn\u00fd rus\u00ednsk\u00fd spisovatel Vasilij Vavrik.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>V\u011bz\u0148\u016fm nebyla poskytnuta \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de.\u00a0Na za\u010d\u00e1tku Thalerhof ani nem\u011bl nemocnici.\u00a0Lid\u00e9 um\u00edrali na vlhk\u00e9 zemi.\u00a0Kdy\u017e se ale definitivn\u011b postavila nemocni\u010dn\u00ed kas\u00e1rna, l\u00e9ka\u0159i pacient\u016fm t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 l\u00e9ky ned\u00e1vali.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"article__cover\">\n<div class=\"media\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410af6b203027365b3001ac.jpg\" sizes=\"991px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410af6b203027365b3001ac.jpg\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"read-more__cover lazyautosizes lazyloaded aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410af6b203027365b3001ac.jpg\" sizes=\"991px\" alt=\"RT\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410af6b203027365b3001ac.jpg\" \/><\/picture>\n<div class=\"media__footer media__footer_bottom \">\n<div class=\"media__title media__title_footer\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>SOUBOR FOTOGRAFIE.\u00a0Talerhof.\u00a0H\u0159bitov \u201epod borovicemi\u201c v roce 1917. \u00a9 Wikipedia<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span>Aby vzbudili strach, v\u011bze\u0148sk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady postavily po cel\u00e9m t\u00e1bo\u0159e ty\u010de a na tyto ty\u010de pravideln\u011b v\u011b\u0161ely \u201enaru\u0161itele\u201c.\u00a0Poru\u0161en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pouh\u00e1 mali\u010dkost, jako kdy\u017e n\u011bkoho p\u0159istihnete, jak v noci kou\u0159\u00ed v bar\u00e1ku.\u00a0\u017delezn\u00e9 okovy se tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaly jako trest, a to i na \u017een\u00e1ch.\u00a0Krom\u011b toho byl t\u00e1bor vybaven ostnat\u00fdm dr\u00e1tem, pozorovac\u00edmi v\u011b\u017eemi s hl\u00eddkami, \u0161t\u011bkaj\u00edc\u00edmi psy, plak\u00e1ty s hesly, propagandou, mu\u010d\u00edrnami, poprav\u010d\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkopem, \u0161ibenicemi a h\u0159bitovem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>T\u00e1bor fungoval t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159i roky a byl uzav\u0159en v kv\u011btnu 1917 na p\u0159\u00edkaz Karla I. Rakousk\u00e9ho.\u00a0Kas\u00e1rna na m\u00edst\u011b st\u00e1la a\u017e do roku 1936, kdy byla definitivn\u011b zbo\u0159ena.\u00a01 767 mrtvol bylo pot\u00e9 exhumov\u00e1no a znovu poh\u0159beno ve spole\u010dn\u00e9m hrob\u011b v nedalek\u00e9 vesnici Feldkirchen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>O p\u0159esn\u00e9m po\u010dtu ob\u011bt\u00ed v Thalerhofu se st\u00e1le\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/journals.tsu.ru\/uploads\/import\/1231\/files\/Rusin%203-4-2008%2069-75.pdf\"><span>vedou spory.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1va poln\u00edho mar\u0161\u00e1la Schleera z 9. listopadu 1914 uv\u00e1d\u011bla, \u017ee tam bylo v t\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u011bzn\u011bno 5700 rusofil\u016f.\u00a0Podle jednoho z p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00edch bylo na podzim t\u00e9ho\u017e roku asi 8000 v\u011bz\u0148\u016f.\u00a0Thalerhofem pro\u0161lo celkem dvacet a\u017e t\u0159icet tis\u00edc rusk\u00fdch Hali\u010dan\u016f a Bukovi\u0148an\u016f.\u00a0Jen za prvn\u00ed rok a p\u016fl zem\u0159elo asi 3000 v\u011bz\u0148\u016f.\u00a0Podle jin\u00fdch zdroj\u016f bylo v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 1915 popraveno 3 800 lid\u00ed. Celkov\u011b b\u011bhem prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky rakousko-uhersk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady zabily nejm\u00e9n\u011b 60 000 Rus\u00edn\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span>Vzpom\u00ednka na zapomenut\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span>V obdob\u00ed mezi dv\u011bma sv\u011btov\u00fdmi v\u00e1lkami se b\u00fdval\u00ed v\u011bzni sna\u017eili uchovat pam\u00e1tku na trag\u00e9dii, kter\u00e1 postihla hali\u010dsk\u00e9 Rus\u00edny, a zv\u011b\u010dnit pam\u00e1tku ob\u011bt\u00ed Thalerhofu.\u00a0Prvn\u00ed pomn\u00edk byl postaven v roce 1934 a brzy se podobn\u00e9 pomn\u00edky objevily i v dal\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech regionu.\u00a0V letech 1924-1932 vych\u00e1zel almanach Thalerhof.\u00a0Poskytla listinn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy a sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o\u010dit\u00fdch sv\u011bdk\u016f o genocid\u011b.\u00a0V letech 1928 a 1934 se ve Lvov\u011b konaly kongresy Thalerhof, kter\u00fdch se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo p\u0159es 15 tis\u00edc \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"article__cover\">\n<div class=\"media\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410b01a203027234716f1fa.jpg\" sizes=\"991px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410b01a203027234716f1fa.jpg\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"read-more__cover lazyautosizes lazyloaded aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410b01a203027234716f1fa.jpg\" sizes=\"991px\" alt=\"RT\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410b01a203027234716f1fa.jpg\" \/><\/picture>\n<div class=\"media__footer media__footer_bottom \">\n<div class=\"media__title media__title_footer\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>SOUBOR FOTOGRAFIE.\u00a0Pr\u016fvod \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f kongresu Talerhof u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti otev\u0159en\u00ed pomn\u00edku ob\u011btem Talerhofu, 1934. \u00a9 Wikipedia<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span>Galicie se stala sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed SSSR v roce 1939. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed sov\u011btsk\u00fdmi \u010dasy existoval nevysloven\u00fd z\u00e1kaz t\u00e9matu Thalerhof, proto\u017ee samotn\u00fd fakt rusk\u00e9 existence v Hali\u010di byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eku ukrajinizace, kter\u00e1 se na z\u00e1padn\u00ed Ukrajin\u011b aktivn\u011b p\u011bstovala po sv\u011btov\u00e9 Druh\u00e1 v\u00e1lka.\u00a0Pot\u00e9, co se Hali\u010d a Voly\u0148 staly sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed SSSR, byla v\u011bt\u0161ina rusofilsk\u00fdch organizac\u00ed ve Lvov\u011b uzav\u0159ena.\u00a0Vzpom\u00ednkov\u00e9 akce pam\u00e1tk\u00e1\u0159\u016f v\u0161ak pokra\u010dovaly.\u00a0Jak o\u010dit\u00ed sv\u011bdci a sou\u010dasn\u00edci ud\u00e1lost\u00ed st\u00e1rli a um\u00edrali, byla vychov\u00e1na nov\u00e1 generace Hali\u010d\u016f v duchu ateismu a p\u0159ijala ukrajinskou n\u00e1rodn\u00ed identitu.\u00a0T\u00edm p\u00e1dem k pam\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016fm p\u0159ich\u00e1zelo st\u00e1le m\u00e9n\u011b lid\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Na modern\u00ed Ukrajin\u011b se o genocid\u011b Rus\u00edn\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u011b nediskutuje.\u00a0Thalerhof nen\u00ed zm\u00edn\u011bn v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u0161koln\u00ed u\u010debnici o historii zem\u011b.\u00a0P\u0159edstava, \u017ee Rusov\u00e9 kdysi \u017eili v Hali\u010di \u2013 hrd\u00e9m centru \u201eukrajinsk\u00e9 kultury\u201c \u2013 nezapad\u00e1 do nacionalistick\u00e9 ideologie sou\u010dasn\u00e9 Ukrajiny.\u00a0V\u011bt\u0161ina mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed o Thalerhofu nikdy ani nesly\u0161ela.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Trag\u00e9die znamenala konec rusofilsk\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed v Hali\u010di.\u00a0V\u0161ichni, kte\u0159\u00ed se nepod\u0159\u00eddili a nep\u0159ijali ukrajinskou identitu, byli fyzicky zlikvidov\u00e1ni.\u00a0Jen p\u00e1r let po tragick\u00fdch ud\u00e1lostech se n\u00e1zory ve\u0159ejnosti zm\u011bnily.\u00a0Kraj se dostal pod vliv jin\u00fdch hnut\u00ed a politik\u016f.\u00a0Kdy\u017e se Rakousko-Uhersko po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce rozpadlo, Hali\u010d se prom\u011bnila v mocn\u00e9 centrum ukrajinsk\u00e9ho nacionalistick\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"article__cover\">\n<div class=\"media\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410af4220302736446df647.jpg\" sizes=\"991px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410af4220302736446df647.jpg\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"read-more__cover lazyautosizes lazyloaded aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410af4220302736446df647.jpg\" sizes=\"991px\" alt=\"RT\" width=\"752\" height=\"419\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mf.b37mrtl.ru\/files\/2023.03\/original\/6410af4220302736446df647.jpg\" \/><\/picture>\n<div class=\"media__footer media__footer_bottom \">\n<div class=\"media__title media__title_footer\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>SOUBOR FOTOGRAFIE.\u00a0Pohled na koncentra\u010dn\u00ed t\u00e1bor Talerhof z pta\u010d\u00ed perspektivy.\u00a0\u00a9 Wikipedie<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article__author-text\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Dmitrij\u00a0\u00a0Plotnikov<\/strong><span>, politick\u00fd novin\u00e1\u0159 zkoumaj\u00edc\u00ed historii a sou\u010dasn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti b\u00fdval\u00fdch sov\u011btsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-19187 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1067\" height=\"128\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO.jpg 699w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1067px) 100vw, 1067px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-24432 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pozvanka-teplice-pro-1-300x156.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"912\" height=\"474\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pozvanka-teplice-pro-1-300x156.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pozvanka-teplice-pro-1-1024x531.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pozvanka-teplice-pro-1-768x398.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/pozvanka-teplice-pro-1.jpg 1272w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 912px) 100vw, 912px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ne\u017e se region stal centrem ukrajinsk\u00e9ho nacionalismu, byli m\u00edstn\u00ed rusofilov\u00e9 vyhlazeni v n\u011bkter\u00fdch z prvn\u00edch&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24605,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[178,4596,4597,26],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24604"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24604"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24606,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24604\/revisions\/24606"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24605"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}