{"id":24419,"date":"2023-03-14T05:43:25","date_gmt":"2023-03-14T04:43:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=24419"},"modified":"2023-03-14T07:24:25","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T06:24:25","slug":"pohybliva-multipolarita-v-moskve-jizda-ve-vlaku-newcoin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/03\/14\/pohybliva-multipolarita-v-moskve-jizda-ve-vlaku-newcoin\/","title":{"rendered":"Pohybliv\u00e1 multipolarita v Moskv\u011b: J\u00edzda ve vlaku \u201eNewcoin\u201c"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n
Nov\u00e1 m\u011bna by m\u011bla b\u00fdt schopna st\u00e1t se v budoucnu \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi pen\u011bzi\u201c pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed kapit\u00e1lu a rezerv, nikoli pouze z\u00fa\u010dtovac\u00ed jednotkou.<\/strong>Ach, ty radosti z\u00a0Velk\u00e9 okru\u017en\u00ed dr\u00e1hy<\/a>\u00a0(BKL, v cyrilici): obj\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed celou Moskvu v d\u00e9lce 71 km a 31 stanic: od Textil\u0161\u010diki \u2013 ve star\u00e9 textiln\u00ed \u010dtvrti \u2013 do Sokolnik \u2013 suprematisticko-konstruktivistick\u00e9 galerie (Malevi\u010d \u017eije!); od Ri\u017esk\u00e9 \u2013 s n\u00e1dhern\u00fdmi ocelov\u00fdmi oblouky \u2013 k Maryin\u011b Ro\u0161ce \u2013 se 130 metr\u016f dlouh\u00fdm eskal\u00e1torem.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n
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BKL je jako \u017eiv\u00e1, d\u00fdchaj\u00edc\u00ed a b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed metafora hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta multipol\u00e1rn\u00edho sv\u011bta: rychlokurz um\u011bn\u00ed, architektury, historie, urbanismu, technick\u00e9 dopravy a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u201ev\u00fdm\u011bny mezi lidmi\u201c, abychom citovali na\u0161e \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00e1tele z Nov\u00e9 hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 stezky.<\/p>\n

Prezident Si \u0164in-pching mimochodem pojede na BKL s prezidentem Putinem, a\u017e 21. b\u0159ezna p\u0159ijede do Moskvy.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed tedy divu, \u017ee kdy\u017e zku\u0161en\u00fd investor na \u0161pi\u010dce sv\u011btov\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch trh\u016f s des\u00edtkami let zku\u0161enost\u00ed souhlasil, \u017ee se pod\u011bl\u00ed o n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze sv\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch post\u0159eh\u016f o glob\u00e1ln\u00edm finan\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu, navrhl jsem mu j\u00edzdu na BKL \u2013 a on ji okam\u017eit\u011b p\u0159ijal. \u0158\u00edkejme mu pan S. Tzu. Toto je minim\u00e1ln\u011b upraven\u00fd p\u0159epis na\u0161eho pohybliv\u00e9ho rozhovoru.<\/p>\n

D\u011bkujeme, \u017ee jste si na\u0161li \u010das na setk\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 v tak n\u00e1dhern\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. P\u0159i sou\u010dasn\u00e9 nestabilit\u011b trhu pro v\u00e1s mus\u00ed b\u00fdt t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 odej\u00edt od obrazovek.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

S. Tzu: Tzu: Ano, trhy jsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9. Posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f mi p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 roky 2007-8, jen m\u00edsto fond\u016f pen\u011b\u017en\u00edho trhu a rizikov\u00fdch hypot\u00e9k v t\u011bchto dnech vybuchuj\u00ed ropovody a trhy se st\u00e1tn\u00edmi dluhopisy. \u017dijeme v zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 dob\u011b.<\/p>\n

Oslovil jsem v\u00e1s proto, abych si vyslechl va\u0161e n\u00e1zory na koncept \u201eBretton Woods 3\u201c, kter\u00fd p\u0159edstavil Zoltan Poszar. Rozhodn\u011b jste v obraze.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

S. Tzu: Tzu: D\u011bkuji, \u017ee jdete p\u0159\u00edmo k v\u011bci. Je jen velmi m\u00e1lo p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed b\u00fdt sv\u011bdkem vzniku nov\u00e9ho glob\u00e1ln\u00edho finan\u010dn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du a my pr\u00e1v\u011b pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me jednu z t\u011bchto epizod. Od sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed se snad jen p\u0159\u00edchod bitcoinu p\u0159ed necel\u00fdmi \u010dtrn\u00e1cti lety p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil sv\u00fdm dopadem tomu, co n\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1 v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch n\u011bkolika letech. A stejn\u011b jako na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed bitcoinu nebylo n\u00e1hodn\u00e9, podm\u00ednky pro sou\u010dasn\u00e9 tektonick\u00e9 posuny ve sv\u011btov\u00e9m finan\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu se p\u0159ipravovaly cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed. Zolt\u00e1n\u016fv post\u0159eh, \u017ee \u201ea\u017e tato v\u00e1lka skon\u010d\u00ed, \u201epen\u00edze\u201c u\u017e nikdy nebudou jako d\u0159\u00edv…\u201c, byl dokonale na\u010dasov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Porozum\u011bn\u00ed \u201eextern\u00edm pen\u011bz\u016fm\u201c<\/h2>\n

Zm\u00ednil jste bitcoin. Co na n\u011bm bylo v t\u00e9 dob\u011b tak p\u0159evratn\u00e9ho?<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

S. Tzu: Pokud pomineme kryptografickou str\u00e1nku v\u011bci, p\u0159\u00edslibem a d\u016fvodem po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho \u00fasp\u011bchu bitcoinu bylo to, \u017ee bitcoin byl pokusem o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch\u201c pen\u011bz (pou\u017eijeme-li vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed terminologii pana Zolt\u00e1na), kter\u00e9 nebyly odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky. Jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch rys\u016f t\u00e9to nov\u00e9 jednotky byl limit 21 milion\u016f minc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vyt\u011b\u017eit, co\u017e dob\u0159e rezonovalo u t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed vid\u011bli probl\u00e9my sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Dnes to zn\u00ed trivi\u00e1ln\u011b, ale my\u0161lenka, \u017ee modern\u00ed pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed jednotka m\u016f\u017ee existovat bez podpory jak\u00e9koli centralizovan\u00e9 autority a fakticky se st\u00e1t \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi\u201c pen\u011bzi v digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podob\u011b, byla v roce 2008 revolu\u010dn\u00ed. Net\u0159eba dod\u00e1vat, \u017ee krize st\u00e1tn\u00edch dluhopis\u016f euroz\u00f3ny, kvantitativn\u00ed uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed infla\u010dn\u00ed spir\u00e1la jen umocnily rozlad\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mnoz\u00ed poci\u0165ovali po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed. D\u016fv\u011bryhodnost sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u201evnit\u0159n\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c (op\u011bt pou\u017eiji elegantn\u00ed terminologii pana Poszara) byla zni\u010dena d\u00e1vno p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e jsme se dostali ke zmrazen\u00ed rezerv centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank a ru\u0161iv\u00fdm ekonomick\u00fdm sankc\u00edm, kter\u00e9 se odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed v sou\u010dasnosti. Bohu\u017eel neexistuje lep\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak zni\u010dit d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost syst\u00e9mu zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na d\u016fv\u011b\u0159e, ne\u017e zmrazit a zabavit devizov\u00e9 rezervy ulo\u017een\u00e9 na \u00fa\u010dtech Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky. Potvrdila se kognitivn\u00ed disonance, kter\u00e1 st\u00e1la za vznikem bitcoinu \u2013 syst\u00e9m \u201evnit\u0159n\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c byl v roce 2022 pln\u011b vyzbrojen. D\u016fsledky jsou hlubok\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed se dost\u00e1v\u00e1me k podstat\u011b v\u011bci. Jak v\u00edte, Zoltan tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee v dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1zi vznikne nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u201eBretton Woods 3\u201c. Co t\u00edm p\u0159esn\u011b mysl\u00ed?<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

S. Tzu: Tzu: Tak\u00e9 mi nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, zda pan Poszar m\u00e1 na mysli transformaci sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1padn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu \u201evnit\u0159n\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c v n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho, nebo zda nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na vznik \u201eBretton Woods 3\u201c jako alternativy mimo sou\u010dasn\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Jsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee nov\u00e1 iterace \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c je na Z\u00e1pad\u011b v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1, a to kv\u016fli nedostatku politick\u00e9 v\u016fle a nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu st\u00e1tn\u00edmu dluhu, kter\u00fd se ji\u017e n\u011bjakou dobu hromad\u00ed a v posledn\u00edch letech exponenci\u00e1ln\u011b roste.<\/p>\n

Ne\u017e se sou\u010dasn\u00fd z\u00e1padn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d posune do dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 f\u00e1ze, je t\u0159eba n\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto nesplacen\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f re\u00e1ln\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit. Pokud je historie n\u011bjak\u00fdm vod\u00edtkem, obvykle k tomu doch\u00e1z\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm platebn\u00ed neschopnosti nebo inflace, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b kombinac\u00ed oboj\u00edho. Zd\u00e1 se velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee z\u00e1padn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy budou spol\u00e9hat na finan\u010dn\u00ed represi, aby udr\u017eely lo\u010f nad vodou a vy\u0159e\u0161ily probl\u00e9m zadlu\u017een\u00ed. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1m, \u017ee se objev\u00ed mnoho iniciativ na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed kontroly nad syst\u00e9mem \u201evnit\u0159n\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c, kter\u00e9 budou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b st\u00e1le nepopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Jednou z takov\u00fdch iniciativ by mohlo b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad zaveden\u00ed CDBC. Nepochybuji o tom, \u017ee n\u00e1s v tomto ohledu \u010dekaj\u00ed ru\u0161n\u00e9 \u010dasy. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt nevyhnuteln\u00e9, \u017ee se objev\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fd alternativn\u00ed syst\u00e9m \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c, kter\u00fd bude konkurovat sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu finan\u010dn\u00edmu \u0159\u00e1du \u201evnit\u0159n\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c.<\/p>\n

A pro\u010d tomu tak je?<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

S. Tzu: Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomika se ji\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee spol\u00e9hat na syst\u00e9m \u201evnit\u0159n\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c v jeho sou\u010dasn\u00e9m stavu, kdy je vyzbrojen zbran\u011bmi, pro v\u0161echny sv\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed, rezervn\u00ed a investi\u010dn\u00ed pot\u0159eby. Pokud jsou sankce a zmrazen\u00ed rezerv nov\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji zm\u011bny re\u017eimu, mus\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e1 vl\u00e1da venku p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o alternativ\u00e1ch k pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00ed m\u011bny pro obchod a rezervy. Nen\u00ed v\u0161ak z\u0159ejm\u00e9, jak\u00e1 by m\u011bla b\u00fdt alternativa k sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu chybn\u00e9mu glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu finan\u010dn\u00edmu \u0159\u00e1du. Historie nem\u00e1 mnoho p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f k \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pen\u011bz\u016fm\u201c, kter\u00e9 by nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 redukovat na n\u011bjakou verzi zlat\u00e9ho standardu. A existuje mnoho d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d je samotn\u00e9 zlato nebo m\u011bna pln\u011b sm\u011bniteln\u00e1 za zlato jako z\u00e1klad modern\u00edho m\u011bnov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 omezuj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u011b m\u00e1 bohu\u017eel i ned\u00e1vn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst obchodu v m\u00edstn\u00edch m\u011bn\u00e1ch omezen\u00fd potenci\u00e1l, nebo\u0165 m\u00edstn\u00ed m\u011bny jsou pouze jinou variantou \u201evnit\u0159n\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c. Existuj\u00ed z\u0159ejm\u00e9 d\u016fvody, pro\u010d by mnoho zem\u00ed necht\u011blo p\u0159ij\u00edmat ciz\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed m\u011bny (nebo dokonce sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed) v\u00fdm\u011bnou za v\u00fdvoz. V tom pln\u011b souhlas\u00edm s Michaelem Hudsonem. Proto\u017ee \u201evnit\u0159n\u00ed pen\u00edze\u201c jsou z\u00e1vazkem centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky dan\u00e9 zem\u011b, \u010d\u00edm ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed je jej\u00ed \u00fav\u011brov\u00e1 bonita, t\u00edm v\u00edce pot\u0159ebuje investovateln\u00fd kapit\u00e1l a t\u00edm men\u0161\u00ed je ochota ostatn\u00edch stran dr\u017eet jej\u00ed z\u00e1vazky. To je jeden z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d je typick\u00fd soubor \u201estruktur\u00e1ln\u00edch reforem\u201c, kter\u00e9 po\u017eaduje nap\u0159\u00edklad MMF, zam\u011b\u0159en na zlep\u0161en\u00ed \u00fav\u011brov\u00e9 kvality vl\u00e1dy dlu\u017en\u00edka. \u201eVn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pen\u00edze\u201c nutn\u011b pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b ty zem\u011b a vl\u00e1dy, kter\u00e9 se c\u00edt\u00ed b\u00fdt rukojm\u00edmi MMF a sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho finan\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu \u201evnit\u0159n\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c.<\/p>\n

Zadejte \u201enewcoin\u201c<\/h2>\n

Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee se t\u00edm zab\u00fdv\u00e1 mnoho odborn\u00edk\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Sergej Glazjev.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

S. Tzu:\u00a0Ano, v ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch publikac\u00edch se objevily ur\u010dit\u00e9 n\u00e1znaky<\/a>. Nejsem sice do t\u011bchto diskus\u00ed zasv\u011bcen, ale ur\u010dit\u011b jsem p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lel o tom, jak by tento alternativn\u00ed syst\u00e9m mohl tak\u00e9 fungovat. Velmi d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u00e9to diskuse jsou pojmy pana Pozsara \u201evnit\u0159n\u00ed\u201c a \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c pen\u00edze. Dualita t\u011bchto pojm\u016f je v\u0161ak zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed. Ani jedna z t\u011bchto mo\u017enost\u00ed nen\u00ed pln\u011b adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016fm, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed nov\u00e1 pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed jednotka \u2013 \u0159\u00edkejme j\u00ed z pohodlnosti \u201enewcoin\u201c \u2013 \u0159e\u0161it.<\/p>\n

Dovolte mi, abych v\u00e1m to vysv\u011btlil. Vyzbrojen\u00edm sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u201evnit\u0159n\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c v americk\u00e9m dolaru a sou\u010dasnou eskalac\u00ed sankc\u00ed se sv\u011bt fakticky rozd\u011blil na \u201eglob\u00e1ln\u00ed Jih\u201c a \u201eglob\u00e1ln\u00ed Sever\u201c, co\u017e jsou pon\u011bkud p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed term\u00edny ne\u017e V\u00fdchod a Z\u00e1pad. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, a \u010deho si pan Pozsar okam\u017eit\u011b v\u0161iml, \u017ee se do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry vyzbrojuj\u00ed i dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce a komodity. Friend-shoring tu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1. Z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee hlavn\u00ed prioritou newcoinu by m\u011blo b\u00fdt usnadn\u011bn\u00ed obchodu uvnit\u0159 Jihu, ani\u017e by se spol\u00e9hal na m\u011bny glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Severu.<\/p>\n

Pokud by \u0161lo o jedin\u00fd c\u00edl, bylo by na v\u00fdb\u011br n\u011bkolik relativn\u011b jednoduch\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, od pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed renminbi\/j\u00fcanu pro obchod, vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00e9 m\u011bny (po vzoru eura, ECU nebo dokonce st\u0159edoafrick\u00e9ho CFA franku), vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9 m\u011bny zalo\u017een\u00e9 na ko\u0161i z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch m\u00edstn\u00edch m\u011bn (podobn\u011b jako SDR MMF), potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9 m\u011bny v\u00e1zan\u00e9 na zlato nebo dokonce nav\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch m\u00edstn\u00edch m\u011bn na zlato. Historie je bohu\u017eel pln\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f toho, jak ka\u017ed\u00fd z t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vlastn\u00ed \u0159adu nov\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b existuj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed paraleln\u00ed c\u00edle nov\u00e9 m\u011bnov\u00e9 jednotky, kter\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z t\u011bchto mo\u017enost\u00ed nem\u016f\u017ee pln\u011b \u0159e\u0161it. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1m nap\u0159\u00edklad, \u017ee v\u0161ichni \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci budou doufat, \u017ee nov\u00e1 m\u011bna pos\u00edl\u00ed jejich suverenitu, nikoli ji oslab\u00ed. D\u00e1le probl\u00e9my s eurem a d\u0159\u00edve zlat\u00fdm standardem uk\u00e1zaly \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m s \u201epevn\u00fdmi\u201c sm\u011bnn\u00fdmi kurzy, zejm\u00e9na pokud po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed \u201efixace\u201c nebyla pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u010dleny m\u011bnov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny optim\u00e1ln\u00ed. Probl\u00e9my se \u010dasem pouze kumuluj\u00ed, dokud nen\u00ed kurz \u201eznovu zafixov\u00e1n\u201c, \u010dasto prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u00e1siln\u00e9 devalvace. Aby \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci z\u016fstali ve sv\u00fdch m\u011bnov\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00edch suver\u00e9nn\u00ed, mus\u00ed z\u016fstat zachov\u00e1na flexibilita p\u0159i \u00faprav\u011b relativn\u00ed konkurenceschopnosti uvnit\u0159 zem\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu. Dal\u0161\u00edm po\u017eadavkem by m\u011blo b\u00fdt, aby nov\u00e1 m\u011bna byla \u201estabiln\u00ed\u201c, pokud by se m\u011bla st\u00e1t \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou jednotkou pro stanoven\u00ed cen nest\u00e1l\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed, jako jsou komodity.<\/p>\n

A co je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, nov\u00e1 m\u011bna by m\u011bla b\u00fdt schopna st\u00e1t se \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi pen\u011bzi\u201c pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed kapit\u00e1lu a rezerv, a ne pouze z\u00fa\u010dtovac\u00ed jednotkou. Ve skute\u010dnosti m\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee nov\u00e1 m\u011bnov\u00e1 jednotka vznikne, vych\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ze sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho nedostatku \u017eivotaschopn\u00fdch alternativ pro rezervy a investice mimo ohro\u017een\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m \u201evnit\u0159n\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed navrhujete vzhledem ke v\u0161em t\u011bmto probl\u00e9m\u016fm?<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

S. Tzu: Dovolte mi nejprve konstatovat z\u0159ejm\u00e9: technick\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto probl\u00e9mu je mnohem snaz\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dos\u00e1hnout politick\u00e9ho konsensu mezi zem\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 by se mohly cht\u00edt p\u0159ipojit k novom\u011bnov\u00fdm z\u00f3n\u00e1m. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 pot\u0159eba je v\u0161ak podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru natolik akutn\u00ed, \u017ee pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 politick\u00e9 kompromisy budou v prav\u00fd \u010das nalezeny.<\/p>\n

Dovolte mi, abych v\u00e1m p\u0159edstavil jeden takov\u00fd technick\u00fd pl\u00e1n pro newcoin. Za\u010dnu t\u00edm, \u017ee by m\u011bl b\u00fdt \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b (navrhuji pod\u00edl alespo\u0148 40 % hodnoty) kryt\u00fd zlatem, a to z d\u016fvod\u016f, kter\u00e9 budou brzy jasn\u00e9. Zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch 60 % newcoinu by tvo\u0159il ko\u0161 m\u011bn z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Zlato by poskytovalo \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed\u201c ukotven\u00ed struktury a prvek ko\u0161e m\u011bn by \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016fm umo\u017enil zachovat si suverenitu a m\u011bnovou flexibilitu. Pro newcoin by bylo zjevn\u011b nutn\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banku, kter\u00e1 by emitovala novou m\u011bnu. Tato centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka by se mohla st\u00e1t protistranou k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00fdch swap\u016f a tak\u00e9 by mohla zaji\u0161\u0165ovat z\u00fa\u010dtovac\u00ed funkce syst\u00e9mu a prosazovat p\u0159edpisy. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 zem\u011b by se mohla k newcoinu p\u0159ipojit za n\u011bkolika podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n

Kandid\u00e1tsk\u00e1 zem\u011b mus\u00ed nejprve prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee m\u00e1 ve sv\u00fdch dom\u00e1c\u00edch skladech fyzick\u00e9 nezat\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 zlato, a p\u0159isl\u00edbit ur\u010dit\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnou za p\u0159ijet\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edho mno\u017estv\u00ed nov\u00fdch minc\u00ed (s pou\u017eit\u00edm v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho pom\u011bru 40 %). Ekonomick\u00fdm ekvivalentem t\u00e9to po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed transakce by byl prodej zlata do \u201ezlat\u00e9ho poolu\u201c, kter\u00fd kryje newcoin, v\u00fdm\u011bnou za pom\u011brn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed newcoinu kryt\u00e9 t\u00edmto poolem. Skute\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed forma t\u00e9to transakce je m\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, proto\u017ee je nutn\u00e1 pouze k tomu, aby bylo zaru\u010deno, \u017ee emitovan\u00fd newcoin je v\u017edy kryt\u00fd alespo\u0148 40 % zlata. Nen\u00ed ani nutn\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u011b zve\u0159ej\u0148ovat zlat\u00e9 rezervy jednotliv\u00fdch zem\u00ed, pokud se v\u0161ichni \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci mohou p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit, \u017ee jsou v\u017edy k dispozici dostate\u010dn\u00e9 rezervy. M\u016f\u017ee sta\u010dit ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fd audit a monitorovac\u00ed mechanismus.<\/p>\n

Za druh\u00e9, kandid\u00e1tsk\u00e1 zem\u011b by musela zav\u00e9st mechanismus ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed ceny zlata v dom\u00e1c\u00ed m\u011bn\u011b. S nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed by jedna ze z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch burz drah\u00fdch kov\u016f zah\u00e1jila fyzick\u00e9 obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed se zlatem v ka\u017ed\u00e9 z m\u00edstn\u00edch m\u011bn. T\u00edm by se stanovil spravedliv\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00fd kurz pro m\u00edstn\u00ed m\u011bny s vyu\u017eit\u00edm mechanismu \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c, kter\u00fd by je stanovoval a upravoval v \u010dase. Cena zlata m\u00edstn\u00edch m\u011bn by ur\u010dovala jejich hodnotu v ko\u0161i pro nov\u011b emitovan\u00e9 nov\u00e9 mince. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 zem\u011b by z\u016fstala suver\u00e9nn\u00ed a mohla by emitovat tolik m\u00edstn\u00ed m\u011bny, kolik by se rozhodla, ale to by nakonec upravilo pod\u00edl jej\u00ed m\u011bny na hodnot\u011b newcoinu. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 by zem\u011b mohla z\u00edskat dal\u0161\u00ed newcoiny od centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky pouze v\u00fdm\u011bnou za p\u0159\u00edslib dal\u0161\u00edho zlata. \u010cist\u00fdm v\u00fdsledkem by bylo, \u017ee hodnota jednotliv\u00fdch slo\u017eek newcoinu ve zlat\u011b by byla transparentn\u00ed a spravedliv\u00e1, co\u017e by se prom\u00edtlo i do transparentnosti hodnoty newcoinu.<\/p>\n

A kone\u010dn\u011b, emise nebo prodej newcoin\u016f centr\u00e1ln\u00ed bankou by byly povoleny pouze v\u00fdm\u011bnou za zlato pro kohokoli mimo newcoinovou z\u00f3nu. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, jedin\u00e9 dva zp\u016fsoby, jak mohou vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed strany z\u00edskat velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed newcoin\u016f, je bu\u010f jejich p\u0159ijet\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnou za fyzick\u00e9 zlato, nebo jako platbu za poskytnut\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed a slu\u017eby. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 by centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka nebyla povinna nakupovat newcoiny v\u00fdm\u011bnou za zlato, \u010d\u00edm\u017e by se odstranilo riziko \u201erunu na banku\u201c.<\/p>\n

Opravte m\u011b, pokud se m\u00fdl\u00edm: zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee tento n\u00e1vrh ukotvuje ve\u0161ker\u00fd obchod uvnit\u0159 newcoin z\u00f3ny a ve\u0161ker\u00fd vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obchod na zlato. Jak je to v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se stabilitou newcoinu? V\u017edy\u0165 zlato bylo v minulosti volatiln\u00ed.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

S. Tzu: Tzu: Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee se pt\u00e1te na to, jak\u00fd dopad by m\u011blo, kdyby nap\u0159\u00edklad cena zlata v dolarech dramaticky klesla. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, proto\u017ee by neexistoval p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00fd kurz mezi newcoinem a dolarem a proto\u017ee centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu by zlato za newcoin pouze nakupovala, nikoliv prod\u00e1vala, okam\u017eit\u011b vid\u00edte, \u017ee arbitr\u00e1\u017e by byla velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1. V d\u016fsledku toho by volatilita m\u011bnov\u00e9ho ko\u0161e vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e9ho v newcoinu (nebo zlat\u011b) byla pom\u011brn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e1. A to je pr\u00e1v\u011b zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fd pozitivn\u00ed dopad \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho pen\u011b\u017en\u00edho\u201c zakotven\u00ed t\u00e9to nov\u00e9 m\u011bnov\u00e9 jednotky na obchod a investice. Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 v\u00fdvozn\u00ed komodity by zem\u011b glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu oce\u0148ovaly pouze ve zlat\u011b a newcoinu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e by se \u201erun na banku\u201c nebo spekulativn\u00ed \u00fatoky na newcoin staly je\u0161t\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n

Pokud bude zlato na glob\u00e1ln\u00edm Severu podhodnoceno, bude se \u010dasem postupn\u011b, nebo mo\u017en\u00e1 rychle, p\u0159esouvat na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed Jih v\u00fdm\u011bnou za export nebo newcoin, co\u017e by pro syst\u00e9m \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pen\u011bz\u201c nebylo \u0161patn\u00e9 a urychlilo by to \u0161irok\u00e9 p\u0159ijet\u00ed newcoinu jako rezervn\u00ed m\u011bny. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee fyzick\u00e9 zlat\u00e9 rezervy jsou mimo newcoinovou z\u00f3nu kone\u010dn\u00e9, nerovnov\u00e1ha by se nevyhnuteln\u011b napravila, proto\u017ee glob\u00e1ln\u00ed Jih z\u016fstane \u010dist\u00fdm v\u00fdvozcem kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch komodit.<\/p>\n

To, co jste pr\u00e1v\u011b \u0159ekl, je pln\u00e9 cenn\u00fdch informac\u00ed. Mo\u017en\u00e1 bychom se k cel\u00e9 v\u011bci m\u011bli v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti vr\u00e1tit a probrat zp\u011btnou vazbu na va\u0161e n\u00e1pady. Te\u010f jsme dorazili k Maryin\u011b Ro\u0161ce, je \u010das vystoupit!<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

S. Tzu: Tzu: Bylo by mi pot\u011b\u0161en\u00edm pokra\u010dovat v na\u0161em dialogu. T\u011b\u0161\u00edm se na dal\u0161\u00ed smy\u010dku!<\/p>\n

Pepe Escobar<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Moveable Multipolarity in Moscow: Ridin\u2019 the \u2018Newcoin\u2019 Train<\/a> vy\u0161el 10.3.2023 na Strategic Culture Foundation. P\u0159eklad Zv\u011bdavec.<\/p>\n

P\u0159evzato Zvedavec.org<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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Nov\u00e1 m\u011bna by m\u011bla b\u00fdt schopna st\u00e1t se v budoucnu \u201evn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi pen\u011bzi\u201c pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed kapit\u00e1lu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1315,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[30,2145,90,22],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24419"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24419"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24419\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1315"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24419"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}