{"id":23875,"date":"2023-03-04T01:06:02","date_gmt":"2023-03-04T00:06:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=23875"},"modified":"2023-03-03T18:17:38","modified_gmt":"2023-03-03T17:17:38","slug":"postavit-se-na-stranu-propagandisticke-valky-dobre-lzi-spatne-lzi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/03\/04\/postavit-se-na-stranu-propagandisticke-valky-dobre-lzi-spatne-lzi\/","title":{"rendered":"Postavit se na stranu propagandistick\u00e9 v\u00e1lky: dobr\u00e9 l\u017ei, \u0161patn\u00e9 l\u017ei?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><span>Prvn\u00ed ob\u011bt\u00ed v\u00e1lky je v\u017edy pravda: ka\u017ed\u00fd ob\u010dan, kter\u00fd hled\u00e1 objektivn\u00ed informace o v\u00e1lce na Ukrajin\u011b, si to brzy uv\u011bdom\u00ed.\u00a0V zu\u0159\u00edc\u00ed propagandistick\u00e9 bitv\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed polopravdy a nepravdy ob\u011b strany.\u00a0P\u0159esto se n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed c\u00edt\u00ed b\u00fdt naklon\u011bni stranit.\u00a0Mohou v\u0161ak existovat lep\u0161\u00ed a hor\u0161\u00ed l\u017ei (a lh\u00e1\u0159i)?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span>Duch a neduch<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Je to n\u011bco m\u00e1lo p\u0159es rok, co v\u00e1lka na Ukrajin\u011b eskalovala.\u00a0A ano, eskalovalo se to, proto\u017ee tam p\u0159edt\u00edm byly v\u00e1lky.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>A jsme tady u prvn\u00ed l\u017eiv\u00e9 a propagandistick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, kterou jsou konzumenti m\u00e9di\u00ed bombardov\u00e1ni ka\u017ed\u00fd den.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Nejen od 24. \u00fanora, ale od tohoto data s obrovskou silou se lid\u00e9 stali ter\u010dem propagandist\u016f ze v\u0161ech z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch stran.\u00a0A mus\u00edte k hanb\u011b v\u0161ech z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee se zd\u00e1nliv\u011b chcete navz\u00e1jem p\u0159edb\u00edhat hloup\u00fdmi nepravdami.\u00a0Trp\u00ed t\u00edm \u201emal\u00fdm ob\u010danem\u201c, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na objektivn\u00ed informace, ale je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za hlup\u00e1ka a z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n (v lep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b) polopravdami nebo (a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto) nepravdami.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Za\u010dn\u011bme hororov\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy z rusk\u00e9 strany: Aby opr\u00e1\u0161ili vlastn\u00ed ob\u010dany o v\u00e1le\u010dnou n\u00e1ladu a d\u016fv\u011bru ve v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed, hloup\u011b se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee \u201emy na Z\u00e1pad\u011b\u201c celou zimu mrzli a \u017ee reg\u00e1ly s potravinami v supermarkety byly pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span><span>Cel\u00e9 legie \u201epublicist\u016f\u201c, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed nas\u00e1t Kreml, mocn\u00ed a dokonce i s\u00e1m Putin,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>se val\u00ed s j\u00e1sav\u00fdmi zpr\u00e1vami z fronty na Ukrajin\u011b a hororov\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy o lidech v oblasti EU, kte\u0159\u00ed hladov\u00ed a mrznou k smrti.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>\u201eZpr\u00e1vy\u201c o superzbran\u00edch, j\u00e1saj\u00edc\u00edch civilistech a grandi\u00f3zn\u00edch vojensk\u00fdch triumfech jsou doru\u010dov\u00e1ny do chytr\u00fdch telefon\u016f a obrazovek prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm TikTok, Telegram, YouTube a tak d\u00e1le.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A na Z\u00e1pad\u011b se d\u011bj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 nesmysly:\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>lid\u00e9 \u201ehl\u00e1s\u00ed\u201c o pr\u00e1zdn\u00fdch supermarketech v Rusku, slavn\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011b\u0161\u00edch ukrajinsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy a p\u0159i vhodn\u00fdch i nevhodn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech o v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010dinech Rus\u016f.<\/span><\/strong><span>Tak\u00e9 v s\u00edle cel\u00fdch legi\u00ed se \u201ereport\u00e9\u0159i\u201c, \u201eov\u011b\u0159ovatel\u00e9 fakt\u016f\u201c a dal\u0161\u00ed samozvan\u00ed odborn\u00edci sna\u017e\u00ed v\u00e1lku analyzovat a popsat.\u00a0Existuje b\u00fdval\u00fd ministr obrany, kter\u00fd p\u0159ed b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edmi kamerami vysv\u011btluje interakci mezi teplotou na zemi a operacemi s bojov\u00fdmi tanky tak hloup\u011b a z\u00e1sadn\u011b \u0161patn\u011b, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd voj\u00e1k nem\u00e1 vzduch k d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0Nebo jsou na stejn\u00fdch kan\u00e1lech jako propagandist\u00e9 \u200b\u200bdruh\u00e9 strany distribuov\u00e1na \u00fadajn\u00e1 videa z bitev (obvykle s vrtuln\u00edky nebo tanky), kter\u00e1 (maj\u00ed p\u0159edstavovat) velk\u00e9 bojov\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy ukrajinsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, ale p\u0159i bli\u017e\u0161\u00edm zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed se uk\u00e1\u017e\u00ed jako \u00faryvky z (velmi dob\u0159e ud\u011blan\u00e9) po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 hry.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Prvn\u00ed ob\u011bt\u00ed v\u00e1lky je pravda.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Tolik je jist\u00e9.\u00a0A pokud by lid\u00e9 v\u017edy dost\u00e1vali celou pravdu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm m\u00e9di\u00ed, mocn\u00ed sv\u011bta by m\u011bli v\u00fdrazn\u011b men\u0161\u00ed prostor pro zah\u00e1jen\u00ed a pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1lky.\u00a0Argumenty pro jakoukoli vojenskou operaci jsou zalo\u017eeny na nejhlasit\u011bji a nejhlasit\u011bji bubnovan\u00e9 \u201epravd\u011b\u201c, bez ohledu na to, jak fale\u0161n\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>D\u00e1my a p\u00e1nov\u00e9, v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00e1m bezosty\u0161n\u011b l\u017eou dv\u011b mocn\u00e9 strany, kter\u00e9 bez skrupul\u00ed vol\u00ed prost\u0159edky.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Nen\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed nebo hor\u0161\u00ed le\u017e, nen\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed nebo hor\u0161\u00ed lh\u00e1\u0159.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Tady, uprost\u0159ed nep\u0159\u00edzn\u011b osudu, ve kter\u00e9m lid\u00e9 ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed svou existenci, nad\u011bje a sny a nakonec i \u017eivot, je hled\u00e1n\u00ed spravedliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho lh\u00e1\u0159e jako t\u0159\u00edd\u011bn\u00ed sra\u010dek podle chuti.\u00a0\u2013 Omlouv\u00e1me se za tento nechutn\u00fd v\u00fdpadek ve v\u00fdb\u011bru slov.\u00a0Ale nevid\u00edme \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd jin\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak popsat o\u0161klivost celkov\u00e9 situace.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><strong>Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se chce postavit na jednu ze stran, by si m\u011bl p\u0159edstavit n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed situaci:<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Cel\u00e9 dny \u010dlov\u011bk le\u017eel v d\u00ed\u0159e v zemi, kterou lid\u00e9 zven\u010d\u00ed ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako \u201epolohu\u201c.\u00a0Teploty se pohybuj\u00ed od -12\u00b0 v noci do +2\u00b0 v poledne, kdy slunce rozmraz\u00ed vrchn\u00ed vrstvu zmrzl\u00e9ho bahna.\u00a0T\u00fdden ses nemyla a jsi si jist\u00e1, \u017ee smrd\u00ed\u0161.\u00a0Defekace se prov\u00e1d\u00ed ve vlastnoru\u010dn\u011b vykopan\u00e9 d\u00ed\u0159e.\u00a0Nen\u00ed to tak jednoduch\u00e9, proto\u017ee zem\u011b je zmrzl\u00e1 asi p\u016fl metru hluboko.\u00a0Tr\u00e1vic\u00ed zbytky se proto nikdy nepoh\u0159b\u00edvaj\u00ed vzduchot\u011bsn\u011b s p\u016fdou, ale se zmrzl\u00fdmi hrudkami.\u00a0Podle toho tak\u00e9 von\u00ed v &#8222;poloze&#8220;.\u00a0Po\u010dk\u00e1\u0161 tam na n\u011b.\u00a0Ostatn\u00ed.\u00a0Nakonec p\u0159ijdou a pak bude zap\u00e1lena va\u0161e vlastn\u00ed sekce ozna\u010den\u00e1 &#8222;Fire Zone Limits&#8220;.\u00a0Nesm\u00ed nastat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 panika.\u00a0jestli ty\u00a0ostatn\u00ed vid\u00ed, dr\u017ete se.\u00a0Kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 v\u00fdbuchy ohn\u011b.\u00a0C\u00edl.\u00a0Kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 v\u00fdbuchy ohn\u011b.\u00a0Nest\u0159\u00edlejte na n\u011bj nep\u0159etr\u017eitou palbou.\u00a0Jinak je z\u00e1sobn\u00edk pr\u00e1zdn\u00fd.\u00a0A nic nenaraz\u00ed\u0161.\u00a0Kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 v\u00fdbuchy ohn\u011b. <\/span><strong><span>A zat\u00edmco tento fiktivn\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk nad\u00e1le p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed o okam\u017eiku \u00fatoku, je oslepen z\u00e1bleskem blesku. <\/span><\/strong><span>Najednou je zad\u00fdchan\u00fd, sna\u017e\u00ed se nadechnout, prask\u00e1 jako ryba na suchu.\u00a0Nic nevid\u00ed a zbra\u0148, kterou dr\u017eel, je pry\u010d.\u00a0Zvon\u00ed mi v u\u0161\u00edch.\u00a0Po\u0159\u00e1d nic nevid\u00ed a t\u00e1pe kolem sebe.\u00a0Je pu\u0161ka vlevo nebo vpravo?\u00a0Le\u017e\u00ed a sna\u017e\u00ed se vst\u00e1t, ale nejde to.\u00a0St\u00e1le nic nevid\u00ed.\u00a0Ale o\u010di m\u00e1\u0161 otev\u0159en\u00e9, \u017ee?\u00a0A sna\u017e\u00ed se c\u00edtit svou zbra\u0148 vlevo a vpravo.\u00a0Zvon\u00ed mi v u\u0161\u00edch.\u00a0C\u00edt\u00ed se dole, vlevo, vpravo a zase dole.\u00a0A c\u00edt\u00ed n\u011bco tepl\u00e9ho, co je mokr\u00e9.\u00a0Ne pistoli, ale jak\u00e9 m\u011bl nohy p\u0159ed p\u00e1r sekundami.\u00a0Te\u010f u\u017e ch\u00e1pe, pro\u010d nemohl vst\u00e1t.\u00a0A p\u0159eje si, aby kone\u010dn\u011b vid\u011bl, co se vlastn\u011b d\u011bje.\u00a0A i kdy\u017e nic nesly\u0161\u00ed, v\u00ed to<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou odhodl\u00e1ni postavit se na jednu stranu, by si m\u011bli b\u00fdt v\u011bdomi, \u017ee podporou jedn\u00e9 z v\u00e1l\u010d\u00edc\u00edch frakc\u00ed sd\u00edlej\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost za situace, jako je tato.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Klidn\u011b se chytn\u011bte za stehna a zapn\u011bte srdce a mozek.\u00a0Nebo si p\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte knihu: \u201eNa z\u00e1pad\u011b nic nov\u00e9ho\u201c od Ericha Maria Remarqua nebo \u201eIn Stahlgewittern\u201c od Ernsta Jiingera.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/report24.news\/partei-ergreifen-im-propagandakrieg-gute-luegen-schlechte-luegen\/\">Report24<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-19187 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1100\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO.jpg 699w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, 1100px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prvn\u00ed ob\u011bt\u00ed v\u00e1lky je v\u017edy pravda: ka\u017ed\u00fd ob\u010dan, kter\u00fd hled\u00e1 objektivn\u00ed informace o v\u00e1lce na&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":23876,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[4523,851,1051,40],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23875"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23875"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23875\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23877,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23875\/revisions\/23877"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23876"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23875"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23875"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23875"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}