{"id":23413,"date":"2023-02-24T01:02:52","date_gmt":"2023-02-24T00:02:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=23413"},"modified":"2023-02-23T17:48:35","modified_gmt":"2023-02-23T16:48:35","slug":"na-pokraji-valky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/02\/24\/na-pokraji-valky\/","title":{"rendered":"Na pokraji v\u00e1lky"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Na pozad\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky blok NATO op\u011bt zvy\u0161uje riziko v\u00e1lky v Evrop\u011b sv\u00fdmi pl\u00e1ny uspo\u0159\u00e1dat letos v Evrop\u011b dva velk\u00e9 man\u00e9vry \u201eDefender\u201c.<\/span><\/h2>\n
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Na pozad\u00ed v\u00e1lky na Ukrajin\u011b se blok NATO nad\u00e1le spol\u00e9h\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e na projevy vojensk\u00e9 s\u00edly ne\u017e na dialog. Navzdory akutn\u00edmu nebezpe\u010d\u00ed v\u00e1lky v Evrop\u011b se Z\u00e1pad dr\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu uspo\u0159\u00e1dat letos v l\u00e9t\u011b dva rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 man\u00e9vry v t\u011bsn\u00e9 bl\u00edzkosti Ukrajiny \u2013 man\u00e9vr Air Defender v N\u011bmecku a vojensk\u00e9 cvi\u010den\u00ed Defender Europe 23 v jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b.\u00a0Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b si zem\u011b NATO cht\u011bj\u00ed vyzkou\u0161et leteckou v\u00e1lku v Evrop\u011b a na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed a spole\u010dn\u00e9 operace americk\u00fdch a evropsk\u00fdch arm\u00e1d p\u0159es Atlantik sm\u011brem k v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b.\u00a0V r\u00e1mci man\u00e9vr\u016f NATO p\u0159esune do Evropy a p\u0159es Evropu des\u00edtky tis\u00edc voj\u00e1k\u016f arm\u00e1dy a letectva, v\u010detn\u011b st\u00edha\u010dek a tank\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Dva hlavn\u00ed man\u00e9vry<\/span><\/h3>\n

Na rozd\u00edl od toho, co nazna\u010duj\u00ed jejich \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b shodn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy, Air Defender a Defender Europe 23 jsou dva nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 man\u00e9vry.\u00a0Kdy\u017e Air Defender za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1, Defender Europe 23 ji\u017e skon\u010dil.\u00a0Air Defender je ofici\u00e1ln\u011b cvi\u010den\u00ed NATO veden\u00e9 N\u011bmeckem, zat\u00edmco Defender Europe 23 je form\u00e1ln\u011b americk\u00e9 cvi\u010den\u00ed zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed zem\u011b NATO a EU.\u00a0Air Defender se vrac\u00ed k iniciativ\u011b n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho letectva a letos se kon\u00e1 poprv\u00e9.\u00a0Defender Europe 23 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed s\u00e9rie man\u00e9vr\u016f Defender iniciovan\u00e9 USA v roce 2020.\u00a0Air Defender se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m vzdu\u0161n\u00e9m prostoru, zat\u00edmco prostorov\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed Defender Europe 23 je v jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b.\u00a0Man\u00e9vry v\u0161ak maj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 to, \u017ee jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u201epolitiky odstra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c Z\u00e1padu v\u016f\u010di Rusku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Leteck\u00e1 v\u00e1lka v Evrop\u011b\u2026<\/span><\/h3>\n

Man\u00e9vr Air Defender (12. a\u017e 23. \u010dervna) bude podle Bundeswehru nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm cvi\u010den\u00edm nasazen\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch sil v Evrop\u011b a v Evrop\u011b od zalo\u017een\u00ed NATO.\u00a0C\u00edlem man\u00e9vru je tedy \u201esjednotit a [spojit] vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 s\u00edly NATO\u201c a \u201ejejich spojence\u201c.[1]\u00a0USA p\u0159em\u00edst\u00ed asi 100 letadel do N\u011bmecka, aby pak spole\u010dn\u011b se sv\u00fdmi spojenci \u201etr\u00e9novaly\u201c \u201eoperace vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v evropsk\u00e9m vzdu\u0161n\u00e9m prostoru\u201c \u2013 pod \u201eveden\u00edm\u201c n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho letectva.\u00a0Bundeswehr o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 celkem 10 000 voj\u00e1k\u016f z 18 zem\u00ed s v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 letouny, v\u010detn\u011b bojov\u00fdch.[2]\u00a0T\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011bm cvi\u010den\u00ed bude podle n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho letectva n\u011bmeck\u00fd vzdu\u0161n\u00fd prostor.\u00a0Ne v\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 zem\u011b p\u0159emis\u0165uj\u00ed sv\u00e1 letadla do N\u011bmecka,\u00a0ale \u00fa\u010dastnit se man\u00e9vru z vlastn\u00edch leteck\u00fdch z\u00e1kladen.\u00a0[3] Hlavn\u00ed provozy jsou \u00fadajn\u011b z Jagel\/Hohn ve \u0160lesvicku-Hol\u0161t\u00fdnsku, Laage v Meklenbursku-P\u0159edn\u00edm Pomo\u0159ansku, Wunstorf v Doln\u00edm Sasku, Lechfeld v Bavorsku, Spangdahlem v Por\u00fdn\u00ed-Falcku, Volkel v Nizozemsku a \u010c\u00e1slav v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Republika.\u00a0Podle Bundeswehru se vojensk\u00e9 aktivity budou odehr\u00e1vat p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch prostorech nad \u0160lesvickem\/Hohnem, Wunstorfem a Lechfeldem.[4]\u00a0Zast\u0159e\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed organizace n\u011bmeck\u00fdch leteck\u00fdch sportovc\u016f o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 \u201eznateln\u00e1\u201c \u201eomezen\u00ed pro civiln\u00ed, obchodn\u00ed a nekomer\u010dn\u00ed leteck\u00fd provoz\u201c.[5]\u00a0Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u201ebodu obratu\u201c je podle hodnocen\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho letectva tak\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd objem man\u00e9vr\u016f.\u00a0N\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed voj\u00e1ci by p\u0159ece museli \u201ecvi\u010dit tam\u201c, kde by \u201ev p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby.\u00a0tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

… pod n\u011bmeck\u00fdm veden\u00edm<\/span><\/h3>\n

N\u011bmecko tento man\u00e9vr nejen \u0159\u00edd\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 hr\u00e1lo \u201ev\u016fd\u010d\u00ed roli\u201c v jeho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0Spolkov\u00e1 republika N\u011bmecko nav\u00edc pln\u00ed \u00fakoly v r\u00e1mci tzv. podpory hostitelsk\u00e9 zem\u011b, jako je ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u00e9\u010de o voj\u00e1ky ze spojeneck\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.[8]\u00a0Wunstorf je jednou ze t\u0159\u00ed leteck\u00fdch z\u00e1kladen, kde Bundeswehr um\u00edst\u00ed letadla z jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed NATO.\u00a0Mluv\u010d\u00ed letectva uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee „podle sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed“ by tam bylo um\u00edst\u011bno deset a\u017e dvan\u00e1ct letadel z USA a Rumunska.\u00a0Man\u00e9vru se nav\u00edc z\u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed i tam um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd transportn\u00ed letoun n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho letectva A400M.\u00a0Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed ve Wunstorfu je tak\u00e9 zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za velkou \u010d\u00e1st logistiky pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro p\u0159\u00edpravu man\u00e9vru.\u00a0Pouze aktivity st\u00edha\u010dek se ve Wunstorfu nepl\u00e1nuj\u00ed.[9]\u00a0V o\u010d\u00edch Bundeswehru se Spolkov\u00e1 republika stav\u00ed do pozice Air Defender jako \u201ecentra kolektivn\u00ed obrany v Evrop\u011b\u201c.[10]\u00a0Man\u00e9vr je tak v souladu se z\u00e1kladn\u00ed st\u0159edn\u011bdobou a\u017e dlouhodobou strategi\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 politiky s c\u00edlem um\u00edstit N\u011bmecko jako vojensk\u00fd uzel bloku NATO v Evrop\u011b a pos\u00edlit evropsk\u00fd pil\u00ed\u0159 v NATO.<\/span><\/p>\n

Obr\u00e1nce Evropy 23<\/span><\/h3>\n

Podle NATO se Defender Europe 23 uskute\u010dn\u00ed mezi 28. kv\u011btnem a 11. \u010dervnem v jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b.\u00a0Stejn\u011b jako v minul\u00fdch t\u0159ech letech p\u0159esunou USA v r\u00e1mci man\u00e9vru pozemn\u00ed s\u00edly p\u0159es Atlantik do Evropy, kde se pak budou pod\u00edlet na r\u016fzn\u00fdch aktivit\u00e1ch bloku NATO.[11]\u00a0Bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed podrobnosti o po\u010dtu zapojen\u00fdch americk\u00fdch nebo evropsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f a jejich vybaven\u00ed zat\u00edm nejsou zn\u00e1my.\u00a0B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f uspo\u0159\u00e1dalo NATO \u010dty\u0159i konference, aby se p\u0159ipravilo na man\u00e9vr: prvn\u00ed ji\u017e v \u0159\u00edjnu 2021 v Tiran\u011b (Alb\u00e1nie), druh\u00e1 v b\u0159eznu 2022 v Sarajevu (Bosna Hercegovina), t\u0159et\u00ed v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2022 v Bukure\u0161ti (Rumunsko). ) a kone\u010dnou v Budape\u0161ti (Ma\u010farsko).<\/span><\/p>\n

Za \u00fa\u010dasti Kosova<\/span><\/h3>\n

Jak ozn\u00e1mil na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch kosovsk\u00fd ministr obrany Armend Mehaj, Kosovo je tak\u00e9 jednou z hostitelsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho man\u00e9vru a z\u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed se Defender Europe 23 s 1300 voj\u00e1ky.\u00a0St\u00e1tnost Kosova, kter\u00e9 bylo od\u0161t\u011bpeno od Jugosl\u00e1vie po \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00e1lce NATO, kter\u00e1 poru\u0161ila mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo a pod obrovsk\u00fdm tlakem Z\u00e1padu, st\u00e1le uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 jen asi polovina v\u0161ech zem\u00ed sv\u011bta;\u00a0dokonce p\u011bt zem\u00ed EU (\u0160pan\u011blsko, Slovensko, Rumunsko, \u0158ecko, Kypr) ji nad\u00e1le klasifikuje jako sou\u010d\u00e1st Srbska.\u00a0V Defender Europe 21 blok NATO zahrnoval mimo jin\u00e9 Ukrajinu \u2013 stejn\u011b jako Kosovo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd \u010dlensk\u00fd st\u00e1t.\u00a0Akceschopnost NATO tak p\u0159esahuje \u00fazem\u00ed jeho ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

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[1] Bundeswehr, 9. \u00fanora 2023, Air Defender 2023 \u2013 Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed nasazen\u00ed v historii NATO.\u00a0bundeswehr.de.<\/span><\/p>\n

[2] Pr\u016fvodn\u00ed dopis Centra vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch operac\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho letectva \u201eDo\u010dasn\u00e9 z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed oblast\u00ed s omezen\u00edm letu u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti vojensk\u00e9ho cvi\u010den\u00ed Air Defender 2023\u201c ze dne 9. \u00fanora 2023.\u00a0aeroklub-nrw.de.<\/span><\/p>\n

[3] Wunstorf jako centrum pro mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch sil.\u00a0zeit.de 27.01.2023.<\/span><\/p>\n

[4] Air Defender 2023 \u2013 Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed nasazen\u00ed v historii NATO.\u00a0bundeswehr.de 09.02.2023.<\/span><\/p>\n

[5] Air Defender 2023: Letov\u00e1 omezen\u00ed, www.daec.de 13.02.2023.<\/span><\/p>\n

[6] Pr\u016fvodn\u00ed dopis Centra vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch operac\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho letectva \u201eDo\u010dasn\u00e9 z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed oblast\u00ed s omezen\u00edm letu u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti vojensk\u00e9ho cvi\u010den\u00ed Air Defender 2023\u201c ze dne 9. \u00fanora 2023.\u00a0aeroklub-nrw.de.<\/span><\/p>\n

[7] Wunstorf jako centrum pro mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch sil.\u00a0zeit.de 27.01.2023.<\/span><\/p>\n

[8] Pr\u016fvodn\u00ed dopis Centra vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch operac\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho letectva \u201eDo\u010dasn\u00e9 z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed oblast\u00ed s omezen\u00edm letu u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti vojensk\u00e9ho cvi\u010den\u00ed Air Defender 2023\u201c ze dne 9. \u00fanora 2023.\u00a0aeroklub-nrw.de.<\/span><\/p>\n

[9] Wunstorf jako centrum pro mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch sil.\u00a0zeit.de 27.01.2023.<\/span><\/p>\n

[10] Air Defender 2023 \u2013 Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed nasazen\u00ed v historii NATO.\u00a0bundeswehr.de 09.02.2023.<\/span><\/p>\n

[11] NATO, Allied National Exercises and Activities, k 7. \u00fanoru 2023.\u00a0tvar.nato.int.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

ZDROJ<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na pozad\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky blok NATO op\u011bt zvy\u0161uje riziko v\u00e1lky v Evrop\u011b sv\u00fdmi pl\u00e1ny uspo\u0159\u00e1dat…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":22030,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[283,39,37,40],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23413"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23413"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23413\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22030"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23413"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23413"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23413"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}