{"id":22534,"date":"2023-02-09T01:08:44","date_gmt":"2023-02-09T00:08:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=22534"},"modified":"2023-02-08T17:39:38","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T16:39:38","slug":"neviditelna-ruka-trhu-pomaha-rusku-uspesne-odolavat-zapadnim-sankcim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/02\/09\/neviditelna-ruka-trhu-pomaha-rusku-uspesne-odolavat-zapadnim-sankcim\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201eNeviditeln\u00e1 ruka trhu\u201c pom\u00e1h\u00e1 Rusku \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b odol\u00e1vat z\u00e1padn\u00edm sankc\u00edm"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1padn\u00ed sankce po\u0161kodily ruskou ekonomiku v mnohem men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e, ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo.\u00a0Podle Focusu \u201eneviditeln\u00e1 ruka trhu\u201c poskytuje Vladim\u00edru Putinovi cenn\u00e9 slu\u017eby: z\u00e1padn\u00ed nab\u00eddka a rusk\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b interaguj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bb\u011bhem sank\u010dn\u00edho re\u017eimu, z\u00e1padn\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed se st\u00e1le spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 v Rusku a rusk\u00e9 suroviny se dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed k z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm v zahrani\u010d\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm slo\u017eit\u00e9 cesty.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Po zah\u00e1jen\u00ed rusk\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed operace na Ukrajin\u011b zavedl Z\u00e1pad \u010detn\u00e9 sankce proti Moskv\u011b, jej\u00edmu dlouholet\u00e9mu obchodn\u00edmu partnerovi.\u00a0Podle Focusu v\u0161ak po\u0161kodily ruskou ekonomiku v mnohem men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e, ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed s\u00edla kapitalismu, jak kdysi napsal Adam Smith, nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v z\u00e1m\u011brech \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f trhu, ale v tajemn\u00e9 interakci nab\u00eddky a popt\u00e1vky.\u00a0\u201eNeviditeln\u00e1 ruka\u201c je metafora, se kterou Smith p\u0159i\u0161el, aby odkazoval na z\u00e1kon platn\u00fd v t\u00e9to oblasti.\u00a0Jak noviny poznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed, nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mo, zda Vladimir Putin studoval d\u00edla britsk\u00e9ho mor\u00e1ln\u00edho filozofa, ale lze s jistotou \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee \u201eneviditeln\u00e1 ruka\u201c mu prokazuje cenn\u00e9 slu\u017eby.\u00a0Z\u00e1padn\u00ed nab\u00eddka a rusk\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b interaguj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bb\u011bhem sank\u010dn\u00edho re\u017eimu.\u00a0V Rusku se st\u00e1le spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1padn\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed a naopak rusk\u00e9 suroviny se ke sv\u00fdm z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm v zahrani\u010d\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdmi cestami.<\/p>\n<p>Rusk\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd byl od\u0159\u00edznut od mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho platebn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu SWIFT, se nezhroutil.\u00a0D\u016fvodem t\u00e9to stability je, \u017ee b\u011b\u017en\u00fd \u00fa\u010det Ruska je v p\u0159ebytku, tedy export p\u0159evy\u0161uje import, co\u017e se nap\u0159\u00edklad o Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech \u0159\u00edci ned\u00e1.\u00a0Vysv\u011btluj\u00ed to i ceny energi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 raketov\u011b vzrostly kv\u016fli z\u00e1padn\u00edmu bojkotu Ruska.<\/p>\n<p>Rusk\u00e1 ekonomika nav\u00edc stejn\u011b jako ty z\u00e1padn\u00ed loni za\u017eila recesi a v roce 2023 op\u011bt poroste.\u00a0Podle progn\u00f3z MMF by nav\u00edc rusk\u00e1 ekonomika mohla v roce 2024 r\u016fst mnohem rychleji ne\u017e ta n\u011bmeck\u00e1.\u00a0Janis Kluge, expert na Rusko a ekonom Berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 nadace pro v\u011bdu a politiku, je nucen konstatovat: &#8220;\u00a0<em>Rusk\u00e1 ekonomika \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u0159e\u017eila rok 2022.<\/em>\u00a0&#8220;<\/p>\n<p>Za \u00favahu stoj\u00ed i fakt, \u017ee rusk\u00fd trh je zaplaven \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdmi v\u00fdrobci.\u00a0Apple a Samsung opustily rusk\u00fd trh, mezeru ale rychle zaplnili \u010d\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed v\u00fdrobci Xiaomi, Realme a Honor.\u00a0Ale i v re\u00e1ln\u00e9 v\u00fdrob\u011b zbo\u017e\u00ed, jako jsou pra\u010dky nebo pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, se dostalo do pop\u0159ed\u00ed Turecko a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u010c\u00edna.\u00a0Obecn\u011b \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd dovoz do Ruska dos\u00e1hl v prosinci rekordn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e se \u010c\u00edn\u011b poda\u0159ilo vyrovnat ztr\u00e1ty z poklesu obchodu s Evropou.<\/p>\n<p>Nezapome\u0148te, \u017ee evropsk\u00e9 firmy nad\u00e1le pracuj\u00ed v Rusku.\u00a0Studie Simona Evenetta a Niccola Pisaniho ze \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 univerzity St. Gallen uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee ne v\u00edce ne\u017e 9 % koncern\u016f z EU a zem\u00ed G7 uzav\u0159elo sv\u00e9 dce\u0159in\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v Rusku.<\/p>\n<p>Auto\u0159i analyzovali 1404 koncern\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly p\u0159ed ukrajinskou kriz\u00ed v Rusku celkem 2405 dce\u0159in\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed.\u00a0Podle studie pouze 120 koncern\u016f zcela omezilo svou \u010dinnost nebo prodalo alespo\u0148 jednu pobo\u010dku.\u00a0Nav\u00edc 20 % podnik\u016f, kter\u00e9 nad\u00e1le p\u016fsob\u00ed v Rusku, poch\u00e1z\u00ed z N\u011bmecka.\u00a0Auto\u0159i doch\u00e1zej\u00ed k tomuto sarkastick\u00e9mu z\u00e1v\u011bru: \u201e\u00a0<em>Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b z\u00e1padn\u00ed politici a ekonomi\u010dt\u00ed v\u016fdci nejsou tak jednotn\u00ed ohledn\u011b v\u00fdhod p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed vazeb s Ruskem<\/em>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed oporou rusk\u00e9 ekonomiky je v\u0161ak ropa a plyn.\u00a0Obchod rusk\u00fdch export\u00e9r\u016f vzkv\u00e9t\u00e1.\u00a0Sv\u011bt se st\u00e1le zaj\u00edm\u00e1 o rusk\u00e9 suroviny, kter\u00fdch je v sibi\u0159sk\u00e9m permafrostu dostatek.\u00a0Jakmile Z\u00e1pad p\u0159estal nakupovat ropu a plyn z Ruska, okam\u017eit\u011b na jeho m\u00edsto nastoupili dal\u0161\u00ed kupci \u2013 Turecko, \u010c\u00edna, Indie a mnoho africk\u00fdch zem\u00ed.\u00a0Ano, a Evropa se navzdory sankc\u00edm tak\u00e9 neobejde bez rusk\u00e9ho plynu.\u00a0Zem\u011b jako Francie, Belgie, Nizozemsko a \u0160pan\u011blsko podle lobbistick\u00e9ho sdru\u017een\u00ed Zukunft Gas st\u00e1le nakupuj\u00ed rusk\u00fd zkapaln\u011bn\u00fd plyn.\u00a0Jejich prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm se rusk\u00fd LNG dost\u00e1v\u00e1 i do N\u011bmecka, i kdy\u017e v omezen\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Auto\u0159i materi\u00e1lu doch\u00e1zej\u00ed k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee je nemo\u017en\u00e9 nasadit okovy na \u201eneviditelnou ruku\u201c trhu, co\u017e lze nyn\u00ed pozorovat na p\u0159\u00edkladu Ruska.\u00a0A p\u0159esto\u017ee vl\u00e1dy utr\u00e1cej\u00ed mnoho vl\u00e1dn\u00edch pap\u00edr\u016f na tisk sv\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch z\u00e1kaz\u016f, nemohou nebo necht\u011bj\u00ed kontrolovat jejich prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed a\u017e do konce \u2013 zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd skute\u010dn\u011b zhor\u0161uje \u017eivot nep\u0159\u00edtele.<\/p>\n<p>\u201e\u00a0<em>Sank\u010dn\u00ed re\u017eimy jsou navr\u017eeny tak, aby ud\u011blaly dojem na z\u00e1padn\u00ed voli\u010de, ale na Putina to nezap\u016fsobilo v\u016fbec<\/em>\u00a0,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e1 publikace.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-19187 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1133\" height=\"136\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO.jpg 699w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1133px) 100vw, 1133px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Z\u00e1padn\u00ed sankce po\u0161kodily ruskou ekonomiku v mnohem men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e, ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo.\u00a0Podle Focusu \u201eneviditeln\u00e1 ruka&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":22535,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[59,22,125],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22534"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22534"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22536,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22534\/revisions\/22536"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22535"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}