{"id":2247,"date":"2021-06-04T03:17:05","date_gmt":"2021-06-04T01:17:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=2247"},"modified":"2021-06-04T03:18:52","modified_gmt":"2021-06-04T01:18:52","slug":"turecko-predvadi-jak-vypada-genocidni-valka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2021\/06\/04\/turecko-predvadi-jak-vypada-genocidni-valka\/","title":{"rendered":"Turecko p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed, jak vypad\u00e1 genocidn\u00ed v\u00e1lka"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Znalci tureck\u00e9ho boje za neoosmansk\u00fd \u201eLebensraum\u201c \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee Turecko nem\u00e1 d\u011bjiny, ale trestn\u00ed rejst\u0159\u00edk. Jeden ze z\u00e1znam\u016f je i v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fd zlo\u010din v Afr\u00ednu, oblasti na severov\u00fdchod\u011b S\u00fdrie, v dob\u011b boj\u016f v nedalek\u00e9m Idl\u00edbu enkl\u00e1v\u011b klidu, kam se st\u00e1hli i Sy\u0159an\u00e9 z oblast\u00ed boj\u016f. Nyn\u00ed je to d\u017eih\u00e1distick\u00e9 peklo.<\/strong><\/p>\n

25 m\u00edstn\u00edch ob\u010dansk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed a organizac\u00ed pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va minul\u00fd p\u00e1tek uvedlo, \u017ee v regionu t\u0159i roky pot\u00e9, co oblast obsadilo Turecko a jeho spojeneck\u00e9 islamistick\u00e9 skupiny, z\u016fstalo pouze asi 20 procent p\u016fvodn\u00ed kurdsk\u00e9 populace. Odhaduje se, \u017ee 150 a\u017e 200 tis\u00edc Kurd\u016f bylo z oblasti vyhn\u00e1no.<\/p>\n

Po \u00fatoku na Afr\u00edn tam Turecko usadilo tis\u00edce syrsk\u00fdch Arab\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed byli vys\u00eddleni z jin\u00fdch oblast\u00ed zem\u011b. To v\u00fdznamn\u011b zm\u011bnilo demografii Afr\u00ednu. Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed zdroje uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee tito lid\u00e9 utekli z oblast\u00ed, kter\u00e9 trp\u00ed \u00fatoky vojsk prezidenta Assada. To je hodn\u011b nale\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 skute\u010dnost. V\u011bt\u0161inu z t\u011bchto p\u0159es\u00eddlen\u00fdch obyvatel tvo\u0159\u00ed zaslou\u017eil\u00ed d\u017eih\u00e1dist\u00e9 z nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch skupin, v\u010detn\u011b Isl\u00e1msk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu, kte\u0159\u00ed se zde us\u00eddlili odm\u011bnou za \u201ev\u011brn\u00e9 slu\u017eby Turecku\u201c.<\/p>\n

Kurdov\u00e9 p\u0159ed rokem 2011 tvo\u0159ili 96% populace Afr\u00ednu, nyn\u00ed v\u0161ak p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 25%, viz prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed podepsan\u00e9 25 organizacemi a vydan\u00e9 organizac\u00ed pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va \u2013 Afr\u00edn-S\u00fdrie (HRO). Zpr\u00e1va dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee 75% sou\u010dasn\u00fdch obyvatel jsou arab\u0161t\u00ed a turkmen\u0161t\u00ed \u201eosadn\u00edci\u201c.<\/p>\n

Organizace obvinily Ankaru ze zm\u011bny \u201edemografick\u00e9ho slo\u017een\u00ed\u201c a kurdsk\u00e9 identity regionu t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u0159ivedly stovky tis\u00edc okupant\u016f. Vyzvaly tak\u00e9 OSN a hlavn\u00ed mocnosti, aby zas\u00e1hly a \u201eukon\u010dily tureckou okupaci\u201c.<\/p>\n

Shr\u0148me si historii \u2013 18. b\u0159ezna 2018 Turecko a militanti podporovan\u00ed Tureckem b\u011bhem takzvan\u00e9 operace Olivov\u00e1 ratolest obsadili kurdskou enkl\u00e1vu Afr\u00edn. Z\u00e1minkou k napaden\u00ed Afr\u00ednu byly pr\u00fd ozbrojen\u00e9 \u00fatoky proti Turecku, veden\u00e9 z tohoto \u00fazem\u00ed. Takov\u00e9 tureck\u00e9 Gliwice. Je nutno zm\u00ednit, \u017ee \u00fatok umo\u017enili i Rusov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed st\u00e1hli sv\u016fj leteck\u00fd \u0161t\u00edt z oblasti navzdory dohod\u011b, kterou m\u011bli s m\u00edstn\u00ed kurdskou spr\u00e1vou. Tureck\u00e1 okupace pokra\u010duje i nad\u00e1le, navzdory rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm obvin\u011bn\u00edm z v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010din\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b etnick\u00fdch \u010distek, \u00fanos\u016f za \u00fa\u010delem v\u00fdkupn\u00e9ho a n\u00e1sil\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na pohlav\u00ed, \u010dti \u00fanos\u016f za \u00fa\u010delem zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed. Podle zpr\u00e1vy \u00da\u0159adu vysok\u00e9ho komisa\u0159e OSN pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (OHCHR) zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v \u010dervnu 2018 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt(!) povolen\u00ed okupovat kurdsk\u00e9 domy etnick\u00fdm Arab\u016fm \u00famysln\u00fdm pokusem o trvalou zm\u011bnu etnick\u00e9ho slo\u017een\u00ed oblasti. Jen tento t\u00fdden unesly ozbrojen\u00e9 skupiny v z\u00f3n\u00e1ch ovl\u00e1dan\u00fdch Turky t\u0159i Kurdy z Afr\u00ednu, uvedla syrsk\u00e1 HRO. V\u011bt\u0161inou je obvin\u00ed ze spolupr\u00e1ce s autonomn\u00ed spr\u00e1vou Severn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed S\u00fdrie (AANES) a odvezou do v\u011bzen\u00ed v Idl\u00edbu, odkud nen\u00ed n\u00e1vratu.<\/p>\n

Historie ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, jak je naz\u00fdv\u00e1na v\u00e1lka veden\u00e1 ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed proti prezidentu Assadovi, je spletit\u00e1. Slo\u017eit\u00e9 jsou i vztahy Kurd\u016f a panarabistick\u00e9 strany Baas, kterou v S\u00fdrii vede prezident Ba\u0161\u00e1r Assad. V 60. letech se p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 strany Baas rozhodli, \u017ee zem\u011b bude arabsk\u00e1 a zak\u00e1zali nejen kurd\u0161tinu jako takovou, ale za\u010dali i s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm zab\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm p\u016fdy Kurd\u016f a jejich vyh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00edm. Strp\u011bni byli pouze Kurdov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se pln\u011b asimilovali do arabsk\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161iny. Ti pak mohli i studovat a podnikat. Mnoho Kurd\u016f uprchlo do Evropy a tento proud exodu Kurd\u016f z jejich vlasti bez vlastn\u00edho st\u00e1tu pokra\u010doval po dal\u0161\u00ed desetilet\u00ed nejen za S\u00fdrie, ale i z Ir\u00e1ku, Turecka a \u00cdr\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n

V dob\u011b boj\u016f s Isl\u00e1msk\u00fdm st\u00e1tem kurdsk\u00e9 obrann\u00e9 jednotky YPG\/YPJ, podporovan\u00e9 Ameri\u010dany, osvobodily velkou \u010d\u00e1st severn\u00ed S\u00fdrie, na kter\u00e9 Kurdov\u00e9 zalo\u017eili svou autonomn\u00ed spr\u00e1vu. Kanton Afr\u00edn ale z\u016fstal stranou ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, a\u017e do ledna 2018, kdy jej letecky a pozd\u011bji i pozemn\u00ed operac\u00ed napadli Turci. Dal\u0161\u00ed kurdskou oblast\u00ed je z\u00e1padn\u00ed Kurdist\u00e1n, tedy Rojava, jej\u00ed\u017e \u010d\u00e1st dobyli na podzim 2019 rovn\u011b\u017e Turci a jejich spojenci pot\u00e9, kdy se z oblasti st\u00e1hly americk\u00e9 jednotky.<\/p>\n

Paradoxn\u011b jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d Kurdov\u00e9 p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed o sv\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed, je politika Z\u00e1padu, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm N\u011bmecka \u2013 \u201eAssad muss weg\u201c \u2013 Assad mus\u00ed pry\u010d. Tato politika evidentn\u011b ztroskotala, p\u0159esto je prosazov\u00e1na st\u00e1le stejnou silou, v\u010detn\u011b sankc\u00ed, jejich\u017e d\u016fsledky dopadaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na oby\u010dejn\u00e9 Sy\u0159any. Dokud nebude ukon\u010dena \u201eblok\u00e1da\u201c Assada coby rusk\u00e9ho spojence, nebudou se Sy\u0159an\u00e9 vracet dom\u016f. Do t\u00e9 doby budou v\u0161ichni, v\u010detn\u011b d\u017eih\u00e1dist\u016f, pova\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed za politick\u00e9 uprchl\u00edky. A t\u00edm bude ospravedl\u0148ov\u00e1na nejen podpora Turecku coby st\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd \u201ese star\u00e1\u201c o uprchl\u00edky. Ze strany EU mu bude tolerov\u00e1no i zab\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed a tvo\u0159en\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u201ebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00f3n\u201c, kam maj\u00ed b\u00fdt arab\u0161t\u00ed uprchl\u00edci p\u0159es\u00eddlov\u00e1ni, klidn\u011b i na \u00fakor nejen Kurd\u016f, ale i Jez\u00edd\u016f a k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f.<\/p>\n

Mnohdy se vyt\u00fdk\u00e1 Kurd\u016fm, \u017ee ne\u017e by se dohodli s Assadem, rad\u011bji se paktuj\u00ed s Ameri\u010dany, kte\u0159\u00ed je opakovan\u011b zrazuj\u00ed. Na jejich obranu mus\u00edm \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee jednak maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho neblah\u00fdch zku\u0161enost\u00ed s panarabismem, na druhou stranu i to, \u017ee Syrsk\u00e9 demokratick\u00e9 s\u00edly (SDF) pod veden\u00edm gener\u00e1la Mazlouma Abdiho se o dohodu, kterou zprost\u0159edkovali Rusov\u00e9, sna\u017eili. Z\u0159ejm\u011b je ale mezi Kurdy a stranou Baas st\u00e1le p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho diferenc\u00ed, jak se v\u011bt\u0161inou \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. Odzbrojen\u00edm a rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm YPG\/YPJ po\u010d\u00ednaje, \u0161kolstv\u00edm v mate\u0159sk\u00e9m kurdsk\u00e9m jazyce pokra\u010duje a pod\u00edlem na t\u011b\u017eb\u011b ropy kon\u010de. I to p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k tomu, pro\u010d je ukon\u010den\u00ed konfliktu v S\u00fdrii st\u00e1le v nedohlednu. A proto\u017ee Assad nen\u00ed \u201en\u00e1\u0161 zkurvysyn\u201c, \u0159e\u010deno s Rooseveltem, naopak Erdogan ano, v nedohlednu je i konec pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dvoj\u00edho metru p\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed \u201eautokrat\u016f a dikt\u00e1tor\u016f\u201c<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
Ivan David<\/a><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Znalci tureck\u00e9ho boje za neoosmansk\u00fd \u201eLebensraum\u201c \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee Turecko nem\u00e1 d\u011bjiny, ale trestn\u00ed rejst\u0159\u00edk. Jeden…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2248,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[544,169,56,29,290,55],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2247"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2247"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2247\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2248"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2247"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2247"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}