{"id":20695,"date":"2023-01-04T01:04:56","date_gmt":"2023-01-04T00:04:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=20695"},"modified":"2023-01-03T16:50:11","modified_gmt":"2023-01-03T15:50:11","slug":"tajemne-bubliny-kolem-stredu-mlecne-drahy-odhaleny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2023\/01\/04\/tajemne-bubliny-kolem-stredu-mlecne-drahy-odhaleny\/","title":{"rendered":"Tajemn\u00e9 bubliny kolem st\u0159edu Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy odhaleny"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><span>V\u011bdec z Tokyo Metropolitan University uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee velk\u00e9 bubliny vyza\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed gama z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed kolem st\u0159edu Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy byly produkov\u00e1ny rychl\u00fdmi v\u011btry foukaj\u00edc\u00edmi ven a souvisej\u00edc\u00edm \u201ereverzn\u00edm \u0161okem\u201c.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Numerick\u00e9 simulace \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b reprodukovaly teplotn\u00ed profil pozorovan\u00fd rentgenov\u00fdm dalekohledem.\u00a0Takov\u00e9 v\u00fdrony byly pozorov\u00e1ny v jin\u00fdch galaxi\u00edch;\u00a0toto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nazna\u010duje, \u017ee podobn\u00e9 v\u011btry mohly a\u017e doned\u00e1vna vanout v na\u0161\u00ed vlastn\u00ed galaxii.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Vesm\u00edr je pln\u00fd masivn\u00edch nebesk\u00fdch objekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b nebyly vysv\u011btleny.\u00a0Mezi nimi jsou \u201eFermiho bubliny\u201c, takzvan\u00e9 proto, \u017ee byly poprv\u00e9 objeveny Fermiho gama kosmick\u00fdm dalekohledem v roce 2010.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Tyto bubliny jsou obrovsk\u00e9 oblasti vyza\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed gama z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se rozprost\u00edraj\u00ed z obou stran st\u0159edu Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy v d\u00e9lce p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 50 000\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/light+years\/\"><span>sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0a vy\u010dn\u00edvaj\u00ed z roviny galaxie jako bal\u00f3ny, jak je zn\u00e1zorn\u011bno na obr\u00e1zku v\u00fd\u0161e.\u00a0Navzdory jejich ohromuj\u00edc\u00edmu m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku je mechanismus, kter\u00fdm jsou tvo\u0159eny, teprve rozlu\u0161t\u011bn.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Nyn\u00ed profesor Yutaka Fujita z Tokyo Metropolitan University p\u0159edlo\u017eil teoretick\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, kter\u00e9 demonstruj\u00ed, jak takov\u00e9 objekty mohly vzniknout.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Od jejich objevu bylo p\u0159edlo\u017eeno mnoho hypot\u00e9z o formov\u00e1n\u00ed Fermiho bublin, v\u010detn\u011b v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 aktivity centr\u00e1ln\u00ed supermasivn\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry, v\u011btr\u016f z \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry a st\u00e1l\u00e9 aktivity tvorby hv\u011bzd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Rozli\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bchto sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd \u00fakol, ale dostupnost nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch rentgenov\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z dru\u017eice Suzaku nab\u00edz\u00ed \u0161anci porovnat m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed s t\u00edm, co astronomov\u00e9 o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed od r\u016fzn\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Simulace profesora Fujity zva\u017eovaly rychl\u00e9 proud\u00edc\u00ed v\u011btry z \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry, kter\u00e9 vst\u0159ikuj\u00ed pot\u0159ebnou energii do plynu obklopuj\u00edc\u00edho st\u0159ed galaxie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Porovn\u00e1n\u00edm s nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdmi profily zjistili, \u017ee existuje velk\u00e1 \u0161ance, \u017ee Fermiho bubliny jsou produkov\u00e1ny rychl\u00fdmi proud\u00edc\u00edmi v\u011btry, vanouc\u00edmi rychlost\u00ed 1000 km za sekundu po dobu 10 milion\u016f let.\u00a0Nejsou to v\u011btry, jak\u00e9 bychom za\u017eili na Zemi, ale proudy vysoce nabit\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic, kter\u00e9 se pohybuj\u00ed vysokou rychlost\u00ed a \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed se vesm\u00edrem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Tyto v\u011btry se pohybuj\u00ed sm\u011brem ven a interaguj\u00ed s okoln\u00edm halo plynem, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje zp\u011btn\u00fd \u0161ok, kter\u00fd vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed charakteristick\u00fd teplotn\u00ed vrchol.\u00a0Fermiho bubliny odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed objemu na vnit\u0159n\u00ed stran\u011b tohoto \u010dela zp\u011btn\u00e9ho tlumi\u010de.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee simulace tak\u00e9 uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee okam\u017eit\u00e1 exploze ve st\u0159edu nemohla reprodukovat profily nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 dalekohledem, co\u017e dod\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1hu sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i zalo\u017een\u00e9mu na st\u00e1l\u00e9m v\u011btru generovan\u00e9m centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dernou d\u00edrou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Autor poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee v\u011btry p\u0159edpov\u00eddan\u00e9 simulac\u00ed jsou podobn\u00e9 proud\u016fm pozorovan\u00fdm v jin\u00fdch galaxi\u00edch.\u00a0Korespondence nazna\u010duje, \u017ee stejn\u00e9 druhy masivn\u00edch v\u00fdtok\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsme vid\u011bli v jin\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech vesm\u00edru, byly v na\u0161\u00ed vlastn\u00ed galaxii a\u017e do ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 doby.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-19187 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1267\" height=\"152\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO-300x36.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-PRO.jpg 699w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1267px) 100vw, 1267px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u011bdec z Tokyo Metropolitan University uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee velk\u00e9 bubliny vyza\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed gama z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed kolem st\u0159edu Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":20696,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[4183,4184,88],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20695"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20695"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20695\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20697,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20695\/revisions\/20697"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20696"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20695"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20695"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}