{"id":19747,"date":"2022-12-16T01:05:19","date_gmt":"2022-12-16T00:05:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=19747"},"modified":"2022-12-15T16:56:36","modified_gmt":"2022-12-15T15:56:36","slug":"chaos-znovu-co-se-deje-v-peru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/12\/16\/chaos-znovu-co-se-deje-v-peru\/","title":{"rendered":"Chaos znovu: Co se d\u011bje v Peru?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Peru se op\u011bt dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do titulk\u016f kv\u016fli sporu mezi prezidentem a parlamentem, ve kter\u00e9m se oba cht\u011bli navz\u00e1jem zbavit moci.\u00a0V zemi panuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 nepokoje.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00e1lokdo v N\u011bmecku m\u00e1 na mysli Peru, p\u0159esto\u017ee v zemi u\u017e l\u00e9ta panuje nestabilita a stala se t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neovladatelnou.\u00a0Na konci roku 2020 m\u011bla zem\u011b\u00a0<\/span>t\u0159i prezidenty za pouh\u00fdch osm dn\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Nyn\u00ed do\u0161lo znovu k politick\u00e9mu sporu, kdy se parlament a prezident navz\u00e1jem obvi\u0148uj\u00ed z pokusu o pu\u010d.\u00a0Prezident byl prohl\u00e1\u0161en za sesazen\u00e9ho, \u200b\u200bnyn\u00ed je ve v\u011bzen\u00ed a v zemi panuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 nepokoje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rusk\u00e1 tiskov\u00e1 agentura TASS shrnula nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj a j\u00e1 jsem\u00a0<\/span>shrnut\u00ed TASS<\/span><\/a>\u00a0p\u0159elo\u017eil .<\/span><\/p>\n

Za\u010d\u00e1tek p\u0159ekladu:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Jde o klobouk: p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a d\u016fsledky masov\u00fdch protest\u016f v Peru<\/span><\/h3>\n

V n\u011bkolika regionech Peru se ji\u017e n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed konaj\u00ed masov\u00e9 protesty.\u00a0Podle donucovac\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 24 000 lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou podle vl\u00e1dy podporov\u00e1ni m\u00edstn\u00edmi \u00fa\u0159ady.\u00a0V Peru demonstranti blokuj\u00ed d\u00e1lnice, kter\u00e9 uzav\u0159ely d\u00e1lkovou dopravu, okupuj\u00ed leti\u0161t\u011b, \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady a televizn\u00ed stanice.\u00a0St\u0159ety s polici\u00ed si vy\u017e\u00e1daly u\u017e sedm mrtv\u00fdch a des\u00edtky zran\u011bn\u00fdch a tak\u00e9 stovky zran\u011bn\u00fdch policist\u016f.\u00a0Podle ministerstva financ\u00ed zem\u011b kv\u016fli protest\u016fm ztr\u00e1c\u00ed 15 a\u017e 26 milion\u016f dolar\u016f denn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vlekl\u00e1 krize<\/span><\/h4>\n

V\u0161echny tyto ud\u00e1losti n\u00e1sledovaly po sesazen\u00ed prezidenta zem\u011b Pedra Castilla, venkovsk\u00e9ho u\u010ditele a odborov\u00e9ho p\u0159ed\u00e1ka, kter\u00fd se dostal do pop\u0159ed\u00ed po celost\u00e1tn\u00ed st\u00e1vce u\u010ditel\u016f v roce 2017.\u00a0Jeho n\u00e1stup k moci ve volb\u00e1ch v roce 2021 byl pro v\u011bt\u0161inu analytik\u016f a v\u011bdc\u016f \u00fapln\u00fdm p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm.\u00a0Castillo poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed ze skromn\u00e9 \u200b\u200brodiny byl zvolen hlavou st\u00e1tu na konci vlekl\u00e9 politick\u00e9 krize v Jihoamerick\u00e9 republice: posledn\u00ed prezident, kter\u00e9mu se poda\u0159ilo zast\u00e1vat a\u017e do konce sv\u00e9ho funk\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed, Ollanta Humala, opustil \u00fa\u0159ad v roce 2016.\u00a0Mezi n\u00edm a Castillem byli dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i prezidenti, z nich\u017e jeden je v \u010dele st\u00e1tu necel\u00fd t\u00fdden.\u00a0Celkov\u011b od roku 1990, tedy p\u0159ed volbami socialisty, m\u011blo Peru<\/span><\/p>\n

Na tomto pozad\u00ed antiestablishmentov\u00fd radik\u00e1ln\u00ed levicov\u00fd populista s b\u00edl\u00fdm kloboukem se \u0161irokou krempou, tradi\u010dn\u00ed pokr\u00fdvkou hlavy, kterou nos\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 rolnick\u00fdch sebeobrann\u00fdch sil, slibuj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fastavn\u00ed reformu, siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1t v ekonomice a revoluci v \u0161kolstv\u00ed, ve druh\u00e9m kole t\u011bsn\u011b porazila Keiko Fujimori, dceru peru\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho dikt\u00e1tora Alberta Fujimoriho (u moci v letech 1990 a\u017e 2000) a v\u016fdce t\u00e1bora konzervativn\u00edch sil.\u00a0A to p\u0159esto, \u017ee podle pr\u016fzkum\u016f nebyl v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b favoritem nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Neklidn\u00fd za\u010d\u00e1tek a velkolep\u00e9 fin\u00e1le<\/span><\/h4>\n

Castillo m\u00e1 od za\u010d\u00e1tku sv\u00e9ho prezidentstv\u00ed malou podporu v parlamentu.\u00a0Strana, kter\u00e1 ho nominovala, z\u00edskala v Kongresu pouh\u00fdch 37 ze 130 k\u0159esel.\u00a0Opozice mluvila o jeho nedostatku zku\u0161enost\u00ed mana\u017eera a politika, \u017ee se na post hlavy st\u00e1tu nehod\u00ed a \u017ee je napojen na teroristick\u00e9 bu\u0148ky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Za m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 500 dn\u00ed u moci Castillo p\u011btkr\u00e1t kompletn\u011b obnovil vl\u00e1du a jmenoval nov\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra.\u00a0Podle m\u00e9di\u00ed bylo v t\u00e9 dob\u011b asi 70 ministr\u016f.\u00a0Castillo s\u00e1m \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u0159e\u017eil dva pokusy o impeachment, ne\u017e nakonec vyprovokoval jeho vlastn\u00ed impeachment.<\/span><\/p>\n

7. prosince, hodiny p\u0159ed parlamentn\u00edm zased\u00e1n\u00edm, na kter\u00e9m m\u011bl b\u00fdt prohl\u00e1\u0161en za \u201emor\u00e1ln\u011b nezp\u016fsobil\u00e9ho\u201c vykon\u00e1vat prezidentsk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad kv\u016fli obvin\u011bn\u00ed z korupce, Castillo ozn\u00e1mil rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed parlamentu a zavedl celost\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u00e1kaz vych\u00e1zen\u00ed.\u00a0Ve sv\u00e9m projevu p\u0159ipomn\u011bl, \u017ee od jeho n\u00e1stupu do funkce sou\u010dasn\u00fd parlament opakovan\u011b odm\u00edt\u00e1 soci\u00e1ln\u011b-ekonomick\u00e9 iniciativy vl\u00e1dy a blokuje pr\u00e1ci kabinetu.\u00a0Mluvil tak\u00e9 o nutnosti uspo\u0159\u00e1dat nov\u00e9 volby do sv\u00e9ho N\u00e1rodn\u00edho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed, jeho\u017e \u010dlenov\u00e9 by m\u011bli m\u00edt pravomoci \u00dastavod\u00e1rn\u00e9ho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed k vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9 \u00fastavy zem\u011b.\u00a0Hlava st\u00e1tu nav\u00edc ozn\u00e1mila restrukturalizaci soudnictv\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b soudnictv\u00ed,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0160\u00e9f tamn\u00edho \u00fastavn\u00edho soudu v reakci obvinil b\u00fdval\u00e9ho prezidenta z pokusu o p\u0159evrat a vyzval arm\u00e1du a org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00e9 v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k obran\u011b st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.\u00a0Zat\u00edmco Castillovi minist\u0159i jeden po druh\u00e9m rezignovali, proto\u017ee nesouhlasili s jedn\u00e1n\u00edm hlavy st\u00e1tu, \u201erozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd\u201c Kongres odhlasoval ob\u017ealobu prezidenta a dal prvn\u00ed viceprezidentce Din\u011b Boluarteov\u00e9 pravomoc \u0159\u00eddit v\u00fdkonnou moc, jak stanovila zemsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da. \u00fastava.\u00a0O n\u011bkolik hodin pozd\u011bji byl Castillo zat\u010den a po v\u00fdslechu vzat do vazby.\u00a0Za organizov\u00e1n\u00ed povst\u00e1n\u00ed mu hroz\u00ed a\u017e 20 let v\u011bzen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zklidn\u011bn\u00ed a ochlazen\u00ed<\/span><\/h4>\n

Nov\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 neda\u0159ilo obnovit po\u0159\u00e1dek v odbojn\u00fdch regionech, jejich\u017e obyvatel\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed Castillo a volaj\u00ed po pozastaven\u00ed parlamentu a brzk\u00e9m kon\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch voleb.\u00a0Na tomto pozad\u00ed vl\u00e1da Boluarteho p\u0159edlo\u017eila parlamentu n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o odlo\u017een\u00ed voleb na duben 2024 a sama nov\u00e1 hlava st\u00e1tu souhlasila s odlo\u017een\u00edm voleb na d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed datum po dohod\u011b s Kongresem.\u00a0V n\u011bkolika sv\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch projevech v posledn\u00edch dnech opakovan\u011b vyzvala spoluob\u010dany, aby se uklidnili a zdr\u017eeli se n\u00e1siln\u00fdch akc\u00ed, a zak\u00e1zala policii pou\u017e\u00edvat smrt\u00edc\u00ed zbran\u011b proti demonstrant\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0160\u00e9f vl\u00e1dy a minist\u0159i bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch sil tak\u00e9 sl\u00edbili poslanc\u016fm, \u017ee zabr\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed chaosu a obnov\u00ed kontrolu nad neklidn\u00fdmi regiony.\u00a0\u010clenov\u00e9 kabinetu z\u00e1rove\u0148 hodlaj\u00ed cestovat do region\u016f, aby vedli p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd dialog s demonstranty.\u00a0V \u00fater\u00fd ve\u010der byl v peru\u00e1nsk\u00fdch ulic\u00edch vyhl\u00e1\u0161en v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd stav, z nich\u017e mnoh\u00e9 jsou v sou\u010dasnosti blokov\u00e1ny protivl\u00e1dn\u00edmi demonstranty.\u00a0Ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly dostaly rozkaz um\u00edstit strategick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b obsazen\u00fdch leti\u0161\u0165, pod okam\u017eitou ochranu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zah\u0159\u00e1t se<\/span><\/h4>\n

Castillo se zjevn\u011b nehodl\u00e1 vzd\u00e1t.\u00a0Z v\u011bzen\u00ed v pond\u011bl\u00ed tweetoval fotografii ru\u010dn\u011b psan\u00e9ho textu projevu k lidu republiky, ve kter\u00e9m uvedl, \u017ee je \u201esamoz\u0159ejm\u011b loaj\u00e1ln\u00ed k mand\u00e1tu lidu jako hlavy st\u00e1tu\u201c a neopust\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad.\u00a0Vyzval tak\u00e9 k ustavuj\u00edc\u00edmu shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed a sv\u00e9ho n\u00e1stupce Boluarteho ozna\u010dil za \u201euzurp\u00e1tora\u201c.\u00a0Vl\u00e1dy Argentiny, Bol\u00edvie, Kolumbie a Mexika vydaly ve stejn\u00fd den spole\u010dn\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m vyj\u00e1d\u0159ily sv\u00e9 hlubok\u00e9 znepokojen\u00ed nad t\u00edm, co se d\u011bje v Peru, a po\u017eaduj\u00ed, aby byla respektov\u00e1na Castillova pr\u00e1va a aby mu byla poskytnuta pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ochrana.\u00a0Peru\u00e1nsk\u00e9 ministerstvo zahrani\u010d\u00ed uvedlo, \u017ee takov\u00e9 akce region\u00e1ln\u00edch soused\u016f p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed do vnit\u0159n\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed den exprezident vyzval policii a arm\u00e1du, aby p\u0159estaly protesty potla\u010dovat, a obvinil Boluarteho ze smrti demonstrant\u016f p\u0159i st\u0159etech.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011b\u0159te nebo ne<\/span><\/h4>\n

Sama pan\u00ed prezidentka nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdroky, kter\u00e9 Castillo zve\u0159ejnil na Twitteru, skute\u010dn\u011b poch\u00e1zej\u00ed od n\u011bj.\u00a0Svou p\u0159edch\u016fdkyni pova\u017euje za ob\u011b\u0165 manipulace a ze sou\u010dasn\u00e9 vnitropolitick\u00e9 krize v zemi obvi\u0148uje b\u00fdvalou premi\u00e9rku Betsy Chavezovou, kter\u00e1 podle n\u00ed pokra\u010duje v manipulaci s exprezidentem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Peru\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed \u017ealobci nepochybuj\u00ed o tom, \u017ee Castillo si byl v\u011bdom jeho \u010din\u016f, a\u010dkoli jeho spolustran\u00edci se domn\u00edvali, \u017ee mohl b\u00fdt p\u0159ed sv\u00fdm osudn\u00fdm sv\u011bdectv\u00edm zdrogov\u00e1n.\u00a0Sama b\u00fdval\u00e1 hlava st\u00e1tu se ale odm\u00edtla podrobit toxikologick\u00e9mu a psychologick\u00e9mu vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pohled zevnit\u0159<\/span><\/h4>\n

Podle peru\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho politologa Alberta Vergary ukazuje reakce vl\u00e1dy na Castill\u016fv pokus o p\u0159evrat vysp\u011blost n\u00e1rodn\u00edch instituc\u00ed a spole\u010dnosti jako celku.\u00a0Politick\u00e9 z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zem\u011b p\u0159itom ozna\u010duje za \u201epr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9\u201c.\u00a0Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u016fsledek sou\u010dasn\u00e9 politick\u00e9 krize vid\u00ed Vergara v tom, \u017ee progresivn\u00ed strany podporou Castilla odcizily voli\u010dstvo a \u201enatrvalo zni\u010dily mo\u017enost levicov\u00e9 politiky\u201c.\u00a0\u201e\u0160patn\u00e1 v\u011bc je, \u017ee zem\u011b jako na\u0161e pot\u0159ebuje levici.\u00a0Probl\u00e9mem zde nejsou my\u0161lenky levice, probl\u00e9mem je na\u0161e levice.\u00a0To plat\u00ed i pro na\u0161e liber\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edpoklady,\u201c dodal.<\/span><\/p>\n

Boluarteov\u00e1 podle politologa postr\u00e1d\u00e1 legitimitu a jej\u00ed pozice v \u010dele v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 moci je velmi nestabiln\u00ed.\u00a0To v\u0161e vede k obnoven\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edch a politick\u00fdch turbulenc\u00ed v Peru.\u00a0\u201eNedostatek stability se ji\u017e stal na\u0161\u00edm nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm rysem,\u201c uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Vergara.<\/span><\/p>\n

konec p\u0159ekladu<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Thomas R\u00f6per<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Peru se op\u011bt dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do titulk\u016f kv\u016fli sporu mezi prezidentem a parlamentem, ve kter\u00e9m se…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19748,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[371,3995,95],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19747"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19747"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19747\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19747"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19747"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19747"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}